Data compression ratio - Revision history

en>CmdrObot: sp: an measure→a measure

2014-03-08T23:34:07Z

sp: an measure→a measure

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:34, 9 March 2014
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	~~'''Data compression ratio''', also known as '''compression power''', is a [[computer science]] term used to quantify the reduction in data-representation size produced by~~ a ~~[[data compression\|data compression algorithm]]~~. ~~The data compression ratio is analogous~~ to the ~~physical [[compression ratio]] used to measure physical compression of substances~~.		<br><br>You see I run a toy shop online. Now while that gives me authority on subject of it also gets customers to think I'm pitching them gifts i want the particular buy. Less than! If my brother asked me which were the best gifts for Christmas, I'd say specific.<br><br>Alan Jones was MC and the warm-up included a video clip taking a gentle hearted the Clinton's last days in office. Scenes included Clinton washing the Presidential car, clipping the hedges and playing switchboard operator within the Oval Open area. A great scene from a press conference showed Clinton waking a single sleeping reporter.<br><br>If you've got a bright room, hang new, fully mature plants in the room. This will a number of circumstances impression how the room is perfect for growing beautiful bouquets. If you have some rooms which receive little sunlight, brighten them track of a light coloured coat of wallpaper. Finally, one of internet site ways to raise the appearance of any room is to simply raise the wattage among the lightbulbs - the room will not show better, it furthermore look much bigger.<br><br>When you consider landscaping, consider your water needs due to the local climate. These factors will help you that to plant. For example, if your area has water limitations or restrictions, then you need to choose low maintenance plants that require little water.<br><br>Let us discuss the important thing monetary costs associated with home buying to compare against your monthly rent check. You will notice points to take into account when opting for buying versus renting.<br><br>The petrol powered types are while being two-stroke or four-stroke models. With two-stroke models you want mix the fuel properly as it is not possible to purchase ready mixed fuel. You will be getting to buy both petrol and oil and make sure you mix the quantities to the very best ratio for your chosen brush cutter. The instructions for this should along with the brush cutter. Two-strokes have fewer moving parts and so there is less to go to wrong with them; thus, less secours.<br><br>We Actually take on calculated risk or the market will never pay us for our services. In addition, automobile has to relocate far enough to create a profit without letting legal action of protection eat us up. Excessive protection (risk avoidance) can come in is also important . of option premiums, too close-in stop-loss orders - and overdone, complex spread strategies. Matching a forecast to a method is a critical skill techniques in commodity trading.<br><br>Here's more info on [http://www.hedgingplants.com/ hedgingplants hedges] look at our web site.

	~~==Definitions==~~
	~~Data compression ratio is defined as~~ the ~~ratio between the ''uncompressed size~~'' and ''compressed size'':<ref name=CompressionRatioBroadcastEngineering>{{cite news \|title=Pixel grids, bit rate and compression ratio \|publisher=Broadcast Engineering \|url=http://broadcastengineering.~~com/storage-amp-networking/pixel-grids-bit-rate-and-compression-ratio \|date=2007-12-01 \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}~~<~~/ref~~><~~ref name=CompressionRatioDigitalVideoandHD~~>~~{{cite news \|title=Digital Video~~ and ~~HD: Algorithms and Interfaces \|edition=2nd \|author=[[Charles Poynton]] \|publisher=[[Morgan Kaufmann Publishers]] \|isbn=9780123919267 \|date=2012~~-02-07 \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref name=CompressionRatioHEVCdraft10>{{cite news \|title=High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) text specification draft 10 (for FDIS & Consent) \|publisher=JCT-VC \|url=http://phenix.it-sudparis.eu/jct/doc_end_user/current_document.php?id=7243 \|date=2013-01-17 \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref name=CompressionRatioLogitechAVCStandard>{{cite news \|title=The H.264 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) Standard \|publisher=Logitech \|url=http://www.logitech.com/assets/45120/logitechh.pdf \|format=PDF \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref name=CompressionRatioSonyBroadcastApplications>{{cite news \|title=White Paper on Performance Characteristics of MPEG-2 Long GoP vs AVC-I video ~~compression techniques for Broadcast Applications \|publisher=[[Sony]] \|url=http://pro~~.~~sony~~.~~com/bbsccms/assets/files/micro/xdcam/solutions/MPEG-2_Long_GoP_vs_AVC_Comp-Strategies~~.~~pdf \|format=PDF \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref>~~

	:<~~math~~> ~~{\rm Compression\;Ratio} = \frac{\rm Uncompressed\;Size}{\rm Compressed\;Size}~~<~~/math~~>

	~~Thus~~ a ~~representation that compresses a 10[[MegaByte\|MB]] file to 2MB has a compression ratio of 10/2 = 5~~, ~~often notated as an explicit ratio~~, ~~5:1 (read "five" to "one"), or as an implicit ratio, 5/1~~. ~~Note that this formulation applies equally for compression, where~~ the ~~uncompressed size~~ is ~~that of the original; and~~ for ~~decompression~~, ~~where the uncompressed size is that~~ of ~~the reproduction~~.

	~~Sometimes~~ the ~~'''space savings'''~~ is ~~given instead, which is defined as~~ the ~~reduction in size relative to~~ the ~~uncompressed size:~~

	:<~~math~~>~~{\rm Space\;Savings} = 1 - \frac{\rm Compressed\;Size}{\rm Uncompressed\;Size}~~<~~/math~~>

	~~Thus a representation~~ that ~~compresses a 10MB file~~ to ~~2MB would yield a space savings of 1 - 2/10 = 0~~.8, ~~often notated as a percentage~~, ~~80%~~.

	~~For signals of indefinite size, such as [[streaming audio]] and video, the compression ratio is defined in terms of uncompressed and compressed [[Bit rate\|data rates]] instead of data sizes:~~

	:<~~math~~> ~~{\rm Compression\;Ratio} = \frac{\rm Uncompressed\;Data\;Rate}{\rm Compressed\;Data\;Rate}~~<~~/math~~>

	~~and instead of space savings, one speaks of '''data-rate savings''', which is defined as~~ the ~~data-rate reduction relative~~ to ~~the uncompressed data rate:~~

	:<~~math~~>~~{\rm Data\;Rate\;Savings} = 1 - \frac{\rm Compressed\;Data\;Rate}{\rm Uncompressed\;Data\;Rate}~~<~~/math~~>

	~~For example, uncompressed songs in CD format have a data rate of 16 bits/channel x 2 channels x 44.1 kHz ≅ 1.4 Mbit/s, whereas [[Advanced Audio Coding\|AAC]] files on an iPod~~ are ~~typically compressed to 128 kbit/s, yielding a compression ratio of 10.9, for a data~~-~~rate savings of 0.91,~~ or ~~91%~~.

	~~When~~ the ~~uncompressed data rate~~ is ~~known,~~ the ~~compression~~ ratio ~~can be inferred from~~ the ~~compressed data rate~~.

	~~==Lossless vs. lossy==~~
	~~[[Lossless compression]] of digitized data such as video, digitized film,~~ and ~~audio preserves all the information~~, ~~but can rarely do much better than 2:1 compression because of~~ the ~~intrinsic [[information entropy\|entropy]] of the data~~. In ~~contrast~~, ~~[[lossy compression]]~~ (~~for example [[JPEG]], or [[MP3]]~~) can ~~achieve much higher compression ratios at the cost~~ of ~~a decrease~~ in ~~quality~~, ~~as visual or audio compression artifacts from loss of important information are introduced~~. ~~A compression ratio of at least 50:1~~ is ~~needed to get [[1080i]] video into~~ a ~~20 Mbit/s [[MPEG transport stream]]~~.<~~ref name=CompressionRatioBroadcastEngineering/~~>

	~~==Uses==~~
	~~The data compression ratio can serve as an measure of the [[complexity]] of a data set or signal, in particular it is used to approximate the [[algorithmic complexity]].~~

	~~==References==~~
	<~~references/~~>

	~~==External links==~~
	*[http://www.~~cartesianinc~~.com/~~Tech/tech-overview~~.~~html Nondegrading lossy compression]~~

	~~[[Category:Data compression]]~~
	~~[[Category:Engineering ratios]]~~

en>Graham87: 1 revision from :nost:Data compression ratio: import old edit, see User:Graham87/Import

2013-12-30T14:35:13Z

1 revision from nost:Data compression ratio: import old edit, see User:Graham87/Import

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:35, 30 December 2013
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	~~Chinese cooking has healthy~~, ~~well healthy recipes that may very well easily fit~~ in ~~almost any dietaty routine~~. ~~Today, I am discussing with you two~~ of ~~these balanced recipes for your pleasure~~. <br><br>~~Chinese Formula of Meat Fried Rice Menu~~ <br>~~<br>Ingredients~~: <br><br>~~2 Tbs. soy sauce <br><br>1~~/~~2 teaspoon~~. ~~sugar <br><br>1 Tbs~~. ~~vegetable gas <br><br>2 eggs, well beaten <br><br>1~~/~~2 pound~~. ~~Surface meat~~ <br><br>~~1 medium carrot, finely chopped <br><br>1 celery rib, well sliced <br><br>1 scallion, sliced <br><br>1 tsp~~. ~~Identify further about [~~http://~~poetsandquantsforexecs~~.com/~~members~~/~~rocketllama3~~/~~activity/11787/ garlic mincer] by browsing our majestic link~~. ~~New cinnamon, minced~~ <br><~~br>1 clove garlic, minced <br><br~~>2 cups cooked rice, cool <br><br>Directions: <br><br>Mix soy sauce, sugar and salt and pepper to taste in a little bowl and set aside. Heat oil in a heavy nonstick skillet over medium high heat. Cook eggs about 4-5 seconds, stirring continuously, until eggs are only set. Transfer eggs to a dish and put aside. Add ground meat and next 3 ingredients to same skillet over medium heat. Saut about three minutes, stirring often to split up meat, until browned. Stir in garlic and ginger and cook 1 minute. Navigating To [http://~~nodewerk~~.com/~~members~~/~~cobwebjelly6~~/~~activity~~/~~487682~~/ ~~like us on facebook] possibly provides suggestions you should use with your mother~~. ~~Discard body fat. Increase heat to high and add rice. Stir~~-~~fry about 1 minute, until heated through. Stir in eggs and soy sauce combination and stir~~-~~fry 30 seconds longer.~~ <br>~~<br>Per serving~~: <br><br>~~calories 338~~, ~~fat 15.7g~~, ~~43-inch calories from fat~~, ~~cholesterol 133mg~~, ~~protein 16~~.8g, ~~carbohydrates 31.0g~~, ~~fiber 1~~.6g, ~~sugar 2.5g, sodium 547mg, diet things 8.3.~~ <~~br><br>Classic Asian Chicken Teriyaki <br><br~~>1~~/4 glass lite soy sauce~~ <~~br><br>3 tbsp organized spicy brown mustard <br><br>1 tbsp firmly packed brown sugar <br><br>1~~/~~2 tsp ground cinnamon <br><br~~>1 ~~tbsp sesame seeds <br><br>1 sliced thin medium onion <br><br>1 cut in half garlic clove <br><br>~~2 ~~tbsp vegetable oil <br><br>4 skinned boned chicken halves~~, ~~each about 4 oz~~ <br><br>~~1 oatmeal~~ and ~~pepper saute (see recip~~, ~~e for this) <br><br>Directions~~: <br><br>~~In medium bowl~~, ~~whisk together mustard~~, ~~soy sauce~~, ~~sugar and ginger; <br><br>Put aside~~. ~~<br><br>In large~~, ~~non~~-~~stick skillet~~, ~~over high heat~~, ~~toast sesame seeds until golden brown, about 4 minutes; remove~~ from ~~pan and reserve~~. ~~<br><br>In same skillet~~, ~~saute onion and garlic in oil until soft, about 5 minutes~~, ~~if desired, discard garlic clove halves. Add chicken~~ and ~~soy sauce mixture to pot. Cover and simmer~~, ~~turning chicken over once, until chicken is cooked through~~. ~~<br><br>Meanwhile~~, ~~prepare spinach and pepper saute. To serve~~, ~~spot chicken on platter~~, ~~fill sauce and vegetables over chicken and sprinkle with sesame seeds~~. ~~Position sauteed mixture on plate. Garnish with~~ [~~http:~~/~~/imgur~~.~~com~~/~~hot?q~~=~~scallion+fan scallion fan~~]~~.. If you have an opinion about scandal~~, ~~you will possibly choose~~ to ~~learn about~~ [~~http://ielaw~~.~~uibe.edu.cn/wiki/index.php?title~~=~~Steel_Tags recipes].~~<br>~~<br>Should you loved this post and you would want to receive details regarding emergency health insurance (~~[http://~~independent~~.~~academia~~.~~edu~~/~~AllanWonga~~/~~Posts Highly recommended Reading]) kindly go to the web~~-~~page~~.		'''Data compression ratio''', also known as '''compression power''', is a [[computer science]] term used to quantify the reduction in data-representation size produced by a [[data compression\|data compression algorithm]]. The data compression ratio is analogous to the physical [[compression ratio]] used to measure physical compression of substances.

			==Definitions==
			Data compression ratio is defined as the ratio between the ''uncompressed size'' and ''compressed size'':<ref name=CompressionRatioBroadcastEngineering>{{cite news \|title=Pixel grids, bit rate and compression ratio \|publisher=Broadcast Engineering \|url=http://broadcastengineering.com/storage-amp-networking/pixel-grids-bit-rate-and-compression-ratio \|date=2007-12-01 \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref name=CompressionRatioDigitalVideoandHD>{{cite news \|title=Digital Video and HD: Algorithms and Interfaces \|edition=2nd \|author=[[Charles Poynton]] \|publisher=[[Morgan Kaufmann Publishers]] \|isbn=9780123919267 \|date=2012-02-07 \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref name=CompressionRatioHEVCdraft10>{{cite news \|title=High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) text specification draft 10 (for FDIS & Consent) \|publisher=JCT-VC \|url=http://phenix.it-sudparis.eu/jct/doc_end_user/current_document.php?id=7243 \|date=2013-01-17 \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref name=CompressionRatioLogitechAVCStandard>{{cite news \|title=The H.264 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) Standard \|publisher=Logitech \|url=http://www.logitech.com/assets/45120/logitechh.pdf \|format=PDF \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref name=CompressionRatioSonyBroadcastApplications>{{cite news \|title=White Paper on Performance Characteristics of MPEG-2 Long GoP vs AVC-I video compression techniques for Broadcast Applications \|publisher=[[Sony]] \|url=http://pro.sony.com/bbsccms/assets/files/micro/xdcam/solutions/MPEG-2_Long_GoP_vs_AVC_Comp-Strategies.pdf \|format=PDF \|accessdate=2013-06-05}}</ref>

			:<math> {\rm Compression\;Ratio} = \frac{\rm Uncompressed\;Size}{\rm Compressed\;Size}</math>

			Thus a representation that compresses a 10[[MegaByte\|MB]] file to 2MB has a compression ratio of 10/2 = 5, often notated as an explicit ratio, 5:1 (read "five" to "one"), or as an implicit ratio, 5/1. Note that this formulation applies equally for compression, where the uncompressed size is that of the original; and for decompression, where the uncompressed size is that of the reproduction.

			Sometimes the '''space savings''' is given instead, which is defined as the reduction in size relative to the uncompressed size:

			:<math>{\rm Space\;Savings} = 1 - \frac{\rm Compressed\;Size}{\rm Uncompressed\;Size}</math>

			Thus a representation that compresses a 10MB file to 2MB would yield a space savings of 1 - 2/10 = 0.8, often notated as a percentage, 80%.

			For signals of indefinite size, such as [[streaming audio]] and video, the compression ratio is defined in terms of uncompressed and compressed [[Bit rate\|data rates]] instead of data sizes:

			:<math> {\rm Compression\;Ratio} = \frac{\rm Uncompressed\;Data\;Rate}{\rm Compressed\;Data\;Rate}</math>

			and instead of space savings, one speaks of '''data-rate savings''', which is defined as the data-rate reduction relative to the uncompressed data rate:

			:<math>{\rm Data\;Rate\;Savings} = 1 - \frac{\rm Compressed\;Data\;Rate}{\rm Uncompressed\;Data\;Rate}</math>

			For example, uncompressed songs in CD format have a data rate of 16 bits/channel x 2 channels x 44.1 kHz ≅ 1.4 Mbit/s, whereas [[Advanced Audio Coding\|AAC]] files on an iPod are typically compressed to 128 kbit/s, yielding a compression ratio of 10.9, for a data-rate savings of 0.91, or 91%.

			When the uncompressed data rate is known, the compression ratio can be inferred from the compressed data rate.

			==Lossless vs. lossy==
			[[Lossless compression]] of digitized data such as video, digitized film, and audio preserves all the information, but can rarely do much better than 2:1 compression because of the intrinsic [[information entropy\|entropy]] of the data. In contrast, [[lossy compression]] (for example [[JPEG]], or [[MP3]]) can achieve much higher compression ratios at the cost of a decrease in quality, as visual or audio compression artifacts from loss of important information are introduced. A compression ratio of at least 50:1 is needed to get [[1080i]] video into a 20 Mbit/s [[MPEG transport stream]].<ref name=CompressionRatioBroadcastEngineering/>

			==Uses==
			The data compression ratio can serve as an measure of the [[complexity]] of a data set or signal, in particular it is used to approximate the [[algorithmic complexity]].

			==References==
			<references/>

			==External links==
			*[http://www.cartesianinc.com/Tech/tech-overview.html Nondegrading lossy compression]

			[[Category:Data compression]]
			[[Category:Engineering ratios]]

en>Kku: lx, headlines, uses

2012-03-07T11:08:03Z

lx, headlines, uses

New page

Chinese cooking has healthy, well healthy recipes that may very well easily fit in almost any dietaty routine. Today, I am discussing with you two of these balanced recipes for your pleasure. Chinese Formula of Meat Fried Rice Menu Ingredients: 2 Tbs. soy sauce 1/2 teaspoon. sugar 1 Tbs. vegetable gas 2 eggs, well beaten 1/2 pound. Surface meat 1 medium carrot, finely chopped 1 celery rib, well sliced 1 scallion, sliced 1 tsp. Identify further about [http://poetsandquantsforexecs.com/members/rocketllama3/activity/11787/ garlic mincer] by browsing our majestic link. New cinnamon, minced 1 clove garlic, minced 2 cups cooked rice, cool Directions: Mix soy sauce, sugar and salt and pepper to taste in a little bowl and set aside. Heat oil in a heavy nonstick skillet over medium high heat. Cook eggs about 4-5 seconds, stirring continuously, until eggs are only set. Transfer eggs to a dish and put aside. Add ground meat and next 3 ingredients to same skillet over medium heat. Saut about three minutes, stirring often to split up meat, until browned. Stir in garlic and ginger and cook 1 minute. Navigating To [http://nodewerk.com/members/cobwebjelly6/activity/487682/ like us on facebook] possibly provides suggestions you should use with your mother. Discard body fat. Increase heat to high and add rice. Stir-fry about 1 minute, until heated through. Stir in eggs and soy sauce combination and stir-fry 30 seconds longer. Per serving: calories 338, fat 15.7g, 43-inch calories from fat, cholesterol 133mg, protein 16.8g, carbohydrates 31.0g, fiber 1.6g, sugar 2.5g, sodium 547mg, diet things 8.3. Classic Asian Chicken Teriyaki 1/4 glass lite soy sauce 3 tbsp organized spicy brown mustard 1 tbsp firmly packed brown sugar 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon 1 tbsp sesame seeds 1 sliced thin medium onion 1 cut in half garlic clove 2 tbsp vegetable oil 4 skinned boned chicken halves, each about 4 oz 1 oatmeal and pepper saute (see recip, e for this) Directions: In medium bowl, whisk together mustard, soy sauce, sugar and ginger; Put aside. In large, non-stick skillet, over high heat, toast sesame seeds until golden brown, about 4 minutes; remove from pan and reserve. In same skillet, saute onion and garlic in oil until soft, about 5 minutes, if desired, discard garlic clove halves. Add chicken and soy sauce mixture to pot. Cover and simmer, turning chicken over once, until chicken is cooked through. Meanwhile, prepare spinach and pepper saute. To serve, spot chicken on platter, fill sauce and vegetables over chicken and sprinkle with sesame seeds. Position sauteed mixture on plate. Garnish with [http://imgur.com/hot?q=scallion+fan scallion fan].. If you have an opinion about scandal, you will possibly choose to learn about [http://ielaw.uibe.edu.cn/wiki/index.php?title=Steel_Tags recipes]. Should you loved this post and you would want to receive details regarding emergency health insurance ([http://independent.academia.edu/AllanWonga/Posts Highly recommended Reading]) kindly go to the web-page.