Differential evolution - Revision history

en>Rjwilmsi: /* References */Journal cites, Added 2 dois to journal cites using AWB (10365)

2014-08-13T07:04:20Z

References: Journal cites, Added 2 dois to journal cites using AWB (10365)

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:04, 13 August 2014
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	~~[[File:Nearest integer.svg\|thumb\|300px\|A plot of the nearest integer function, rounding to the nearest even integer]]~~		The writer's name is Christy. To climb is some thing I really enjoy performing. Credit authorising is how she makes a residing. Alaska is exactly where he's always been residing.<br><br>my blog: spirit messages ([http://www.weddingwall.com.au/groups/easy-advice-for-successful-personal-development-today/ updated blog post])
	~~In [[computer science]], the~~ '''nearest integer function''' of [[real number]] ''x'' denoted variously by <math>[x]</math>,<ref>{{MathWorld \| title=Nearest Integer Function \| urlname=NearestIntegerFunction \| accessdate= 2008-08-15}}</ref> <math>\lfloor x \rceil</math>, <math>\Vert x \Vert</math>,<ref>{{cite book\|author=J.W.S. Cassels\|title=An introduction to Diophantine approximation\|series=Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics and Mathematical Physics\|volume=45\|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]\|year=1957\|page=1}}</ref> nint(''x''), or Round(''x''), is ~~a [[function (mathematics)\|function]] which returns the nearest [[integer]] to ''x~~'~~'. To avoid ambiguity when operating on [[half-integer]]~~s~~, a [[rounding]] rule must be chosen~~. ~~On most computer implementations, the selected rule is to round half-integers to the nearest [[even number\|even integer]]—for example,~~
	:<~~math~~>~~[1.25] = 1~~<~~/math~~>
	:~~<math>~~[~~1.50] = 2</math>~~
	:~~<math>[1.75] = 2<~~/~~math>~~
	~~:<math>[2.25] = 2<~~/~~math>~~
	~~:<math>[2~~.~~50] = 2</math>~~
	~~:<math>[2~~.~~75] = 3</math>~~
	~~:<math>[3~~.~~25] = 3<~~/~~math>~~
	~~:<math>[3.50] = 4<~~/~~math>~~
	~~:<math>[3.75] = 4</math>~~
	~~:<math>[4.50] = 4</math>~~
	~~:etc.~~
	~~This is in accordance with the [[IEEE 754]] standards and helps reduce bias in the result.~~

	~~There are many other possible rules~~ for ~~[[rounding#Tie~~-~~breaking\|tie breaking]] when rounding a half integer include rounding up, rounding down, rounding to or away from zero, or random rounding up or down.~~

	~~==See also==~~
	*[[Floor and ceiling functions]]

	~~==References==~~
	~~<references~~/>

	~~[[Category:Mathematical notation]]~~
	~~[[Category:Special functions]]~~
	~~[[Category:Parity]~~]

62.248.21.162: /* See also */

2013-05-31T19:01:52Z

See also

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:01, 31 May 2013
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	~~Ed is what people contact me and my spouse doesn't like it at all~~. ~~One~~ of the ~~things she enjoys most~~ is ~~canoeing and she~~'s ~~been doing it for quite~~ a ~~whilst~~. ~~Office supervising~~ is ~~what she does for a residing~~. ~~Ohio is exactly where her home is~~.<br><br>~~my web page;~~ [~~http~~://~~netwk~~.~~hannam~~.ac.kr/xe/~~data_2~~/~~85669 online psychic readings~~]		[[File:Nearest integer.svg\|thumb\|300px\|A plot of the nearest integer function, rounding to the nearest even integer]]
			In [[computer science]], the '''nearest integer function''' of [[real number]] ''x'' denoted variously by <math>[x]</math>,<ref>{{MathWorld \| title=Nearest Integer Function \| urlname=NearestIntegerFunction \| accessdate= 2008-08-15}}</ref> <math>\lfloor x \rceil</math>, <math>\Vert x \Vert</math>,<ref>{{cite book\|author=J.W.S. Cassels\|title=An introduction to Diophantine approximation\|series=Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics and Mathematical Physics\|volume=45\|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]\|year=1957\|page=1}}</ref> nint(''x''), or Round(''x''), is a [[function (mathematics)\|function]] which returns the nearest [[integer]] to ''x''. To avoid ambiguity when operating on [[half-integer]]s, a [[rounding]] rule must be chosen. On most computer implementations, the selected rule is to round half-integers to the nearest [[even number\|even integer]]—for example,
			:<math>[1.25] = 1</math>
			:<math>[1.50] = 2</math>
			:<math>[1.75] = 2</math>
			:<math>[2.25] = 2</math>
			:<math>[2.50] = 2</math>
			:<math>[2.75] = 3</math>
			:<math>[3.25] = 3</math>
			:<math>[3.50] = 4</math>
			:<math>[3.75] = 4</math>
			:<math>[4.50] = 4</math>
			:etc.
			This is in accordance with the [[IEEE 754]] standards and helps reduce bias in the result.

			There are many other possible rules for [[rounding#Tie-breaking\|tie breaking]] when rounding a half integer include rounding up, rounding down, rounding to or away from zero, or random rounding up or down.

			==See also==
			*[[Floor and ceiling functions]]

			==References==
			<references/>

			[[Category:Mathematical notation]]
			[[Category:Special functions]]
			[[Category:Parity]]

176.240.135.221: /* Variants */

2012-08-21T11:24:12Z

Variants

New page

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