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		<title>en&gt;Ross Fraser: /* Example */  brevity</title>
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		<updated>2015-01-04T23:58:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Example: &lt;/span&gt;  brevity&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 01:58, 5 January 2015&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In [[representation theory]], &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;branch &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mathematics, &#039;&#039;&#039;Engel&#039;s theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; is one &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the basic theorems &lt;/del&gt;in the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;theory &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Lie algebra]]s; it asserts &lt;/del&gt;that &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;for a Lie algebra two concepts of [[nilpotent|nilpotency]] are identical&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A useful form of the theorem says that if &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;matrices consists &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;nilpotent matrices&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;then they can all be simultaneously brought to a [[strictly upper triangular]] form. The theorem is named after &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mathematician [[Friedrich Engel (mathematician)|Friedrich Engel]], who sketched a proof of it in a letter to [[Wilhelm Killing]] dated 20 July 1890 {{harv|Hawkins|2000|loc=p&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;176}}.  Engel&#039;s student K.A. Umlauf gave &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;complete proof in his 1891 dissertation&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;reprinted &lt;/del&gt;as &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{harv|Umlauf|2010}}&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;One of these options has &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;chance &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;producing healing. This feeling &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;fear can turn out to be severe and get &lt;/ins&gt;in the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;way &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;accomplishing work, school, and other everyday activities. Obsessing about details &lt;/ins&gt;that &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;seem unimportant to others&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Once you have &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;list &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;10 items prioritize these in order &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;your preference&lt;/ins&gt;, the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;best one first&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;As &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;result&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;treating the anxiety with medication or therapy may alleviate the insomnia &lt;/ins&gt;as &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;well&lt;/ins&gt;. &amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;It is an ordeal at times and if you are prone to worrying unnecessarily you must lighten up your lifestyle&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;I suggest that you combine crate training with desensitization training. Presently&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;there &lt;/ins&gt;are &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;two extremely popular, non-drug treatments available &lt;/ins&gt;on &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the Internet&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Pennsylvania State University&#039;s Learning Center &lt;/ins&gt;- &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Test taking and test anxiety&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;With enough time and effort, you will be able to find &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;good psychiatrist who you can talk to &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;also get prescription medication from. &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Eating healthier with good vitamins and minerals will support your anxiety reduction efforts and keep your body feeling healthy and relaxed&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ask students what are some feelings a kid can have on &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;first day of school. Due to this type of noise, technicians will give you MRI ear plugs and also offer choice of music. This will be &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;assistance to you greatly when it comes to meeting strangers. It is very important to have someone to talk to especially when there is something bothering &lt;/ins&gt;on &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;your mind to somehow ease &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;burden&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s that &lt;/ins&gt;is &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;inside you. &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Although there &lt;/ins&gt;is &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;no evidence that any particular diet can cure anxiety&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;some studies suggest that eating &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;avoiding particular types &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;foods may help decrease the number as well as &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;severity of attacks&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;At &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;end &lt;/ins&gt;of the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;day, have students write &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;letter to next year&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s class&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Connect with others with similar health concerns &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;issues. Many times meditation has been proven to help cure anxiety. For school to be &lt;/ins&gt;a &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;pleasant and successful experience for your child with Autism being prepared means so much more than acquiring the material possessions &lt;/ins&gt;that &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;are required. &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;As busy working parents&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;these kinds of issues may appear &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;leave us feeling overwhelmed about how to help our child&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Separation anxiety can be a nuisance&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;especially as the baby gets older&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;But Yoga is an alternative way &lt;/ins&gt;to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;treat anxiety in pregnant woman avoiding &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bad effects &lt;/ins&gt;of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;medication&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;That same summer he became very upset when his sister moved to college and his brother moved out on his own&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Social anxiety disorder &lt;/ins&gt;in &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;children is a problem that is often not recognized.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;If you adored this short article &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;you would certainly like &lt;/ins&gt;to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;receive more information regarding [&lt;/ins&gt;http://&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;www&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;stress-lavoro-correlato&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;info&lt;/ins&gt;/ &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;treatments for anxiety&lt;/ins&gt;] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;kindly visit our own website.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A linear operator &#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039; on a vector space &#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039; is defined to be &#039;&#039;&#039;nilpotent&#039;&#039;&#039; if there is a positive integer  &#039;&#039;k&#039;&#039; such that &#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039;&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sup&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;k&#039;&#039;&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/sup&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= 0&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;For example&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;any operator given by a matrix whose entries &lt;/del&gt;are &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;zero &lt;/del&gt;on &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and below its diagonal is nilpotent&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A= &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\begin{bmatrix}&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp; a_{1 2}&amp;amp; a_{1 3} &amp;amp; \cdots &amp;amp; a_{1 n}  \\&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp; 0      &amp;amp; a_{2 3} &amp;amp; \cdots &amp;amp; a_{2 n}  \\&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\vdots &amp;amp; \vdots &amp;amp; \ddots  &amp;amp; \ddots &amp;amp; \vdots   \\&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp;   0    &amp;amp;         &amp;amp; \ddots &amp;amp; a_{n&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1 n}\\&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp;   0    &amp;amp; \cdots  &amp;amp; \cdots &amp;amp;   0     &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\end{bmatrix}&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;An element &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039; of &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; is ad-nilpotent if &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;only if the linear operator on &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; defined by &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\operatorname{ad}_x (y) = [x,y]\ &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;is nilpotent&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; Note that in &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lie algebra &#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;) &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;linear operators &lt;/del&gt;on &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;, &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;identity operator I&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;is &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ad-nilpotent (because &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\operatorname{ad}_{I_{V}} = 0 : L(V) \rightarrow L(V) &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;) but &lt;/del&gt;is &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;not a nilpotent operator.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; is nilpotent if and only if the [[lower central series]] defined [[recursion|recursively]] by&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; \mathbf{L}^0 =  \mathbf{L}&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\quad \mathbf{L}^{i+1} = [\mathbf{L}, \mathbf{L}^i]\ &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;eventually reaches {0}. &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Theorem&#039;&#039;&#039;.  A finite-dimensional Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; is nilpotent if &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;only if every element &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; is ad-nilpotent.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Note that no assumption on &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;underlying base field is required&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The key lemma in &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;proof &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Engel&#039;s theorem is &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;following fact&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;about Lie algebras of linear operators on finite dimensional vector spaces which is useful in its own right:&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Let &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; be &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lie subalgebra of &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;L&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;)&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; Then &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; consists of nilpotent operators if &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;only if there is &lt;/del&gt;a &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sequence&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; V_0 \subsetneq V_1 \subsetneq \cdots \subsetneq V_n\ &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of subspaces of &#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039; such &lt;/del&gt;that &amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;V_0 = 0&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;V_n = V&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;: &amp;lt;math&amp;gt; \mathbf{L} \, V_{i+1} \subseteq V_i, \quad \forall i \leq n-1&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\ &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Thus Lie algebras of nilpotent operators are simultaneously strictly upper-triangulizable.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== See also ==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [[Lie&#039;s theorem]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==References==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [[Karin Erdmann|Erdmann&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Karin]] &amp;amp; Wildon, Mark&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;Introduction &lt;/del&gt;to &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lie Algebras&#039;&#039;, 1st edition, Springer, 2006. ISBN 1-84628-040-0&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*{{Citation | last1=Hawkins | first1=Thomas | title=Emergence of &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;theory &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lie groups | url=http://books&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;google&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;com/books?isbn=978-0-387-98963-1 | publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] | location=Berlin, New York | series=Sources and Studies &lt;/del&gt;in &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the History of Mathematics &lt;/del&gt;and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Physical Sciences | isbn=978-0-387-98963-1 | mr=1771134 | year=2000}}&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* G. Hochschild, &#039;&#039;The Structure of Lie Groups&#039;&#039;, Holden Day, 1965.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* J. Humphreys, &#039;&#039;Introduction &lt;/del&gt;to &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Lie Algebras and Representation Theory&#039;&#039;, Springer, 1972.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*{{Citation | last1=Umlauf | first1=Karl Arthur | title=Über Die Zusammensetzung Der Endlichen Continuierlichen Transformationsgruppen, Insbesondre Der Gruppen Vom Range Null | origyear=1891 | url=&lt;/del&gt;http://&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;books&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;google&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;com&lt;/del&gt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;books?isbn=978-1141588893 | publisher=Nabu Press | language=German | series=Inaugural-Dissertation, Leipzig | isbn=978-1-141-58889-3 | year=2010}}&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Theorems in representation theory]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Representation theory of Lie algebras]&lt;/del&gt;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>en&gt;Ross Fraser</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.formulasearchengine.com/index.php?title=Oversampling&amp;diff=8222&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>en&gt;Kvng: restore mention of oversampling factor. link improvements. rm discussion of digitally filtering oversampled signal, there is no magic here, you still have the same anti-aliasing filter tradeoffs doing this.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.formulasearchengine.com/index.php?title=Oversampling&amp;diff=8222&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2014-01-04T15:13:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;restore mention of oversampling factor. link improvements. rm discussion of digitally filtering oversampled signal, there is no magic here, you still have the same anti-aliasing filter tradeoffs doing this.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 17:13, 4 January 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= Uggs Belgie Solden &lt;/del&gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bijvoorbeeld een Slideshare presentatie ==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In [[representation theory]], a branch of mathematics, &#039;&#039;&#039;Engel&#039;s theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; is one of the basic theorems in the theory of [[Lie algebra]]s; it asserts that for a Lie algebra two concepts of [[nilpotent|nilpotency]] are identical. A useful form of the theorem says that if a Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; of matrices consists of nilpotent matrices, then they can all be simultaneously brought to a [[strictly upper triangular]] form. The theorem is named after the mathematician [[Friedrich Engel (mathematician)|Friedrich Engel]], who sketched a proof of it in a letter to [[Wilhelm Killing]] dated 20 July 1890 {{harv|Hawkins|2000|loc&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;p. 176}}. &lt;/ins&gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Engel&#039;s student K.A. Umlauf gave a complete proof in his 1891 dissertation, reprinted as {{harv|Umlauf|2010}}.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Bij open onderwijs was dit belangrijk omdat het [http://www.boligna.&lt;/del&gt;be/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;backoffice/ckeditor/nieuws&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;asp?u=19-Uggs-Belgie-Solden Uggs Belgie Solden] toegestaan ​​het eenvoudig aanmaken van leerinhoud die putte uit verschillende bronnen&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bijvoorbeeld een Slideshare presentatie, een document in Scribd en een [http://www&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;boligna.be/backoffice/ckeditor/nieuws.asp?u=70-Uggs-Outlet-Online-Shop Uggs Outlet Online Shop] YouTube-video. Het creëerde ook een [http&lt;/del&gt;:&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;//www.slagerij-kris.be/_private/mail.asp?polo&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;74&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ralph-Lauren-Online-Belgie Ralph Lauren Online Belgie] motivatie om content te creëren en te delen, omdat het zou kunnen verspreiden in een virale manier. Dit moedigde academici aan veel van de web 2.&lt;/del&gt;0 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;tools te nemen als een middel om de verspreiding .&lt;/del&gt;.&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Hoe dat te doen Maritieme Geschiedenis Onderzoek op het internet. Haar doel &lt;/del&gt;is&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. Aangesloten verenigingen. Focus op vers en lekker. &quot;Authentieke Mexicaanse keuken is zeer produceheavy,&quot; zegt Border Grill&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s Feniger. &quot;Bij onze restaurants, we niet een ton kaas of crème te gebruiken.&quot; Milliken eens&lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;Het eten zit vol met krachtige smaken, zodat je niet toegevoegd vet nodig om het er goed te proeven.&quot; &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Rechter gestraald me als een incompetente vader, vertelde een van de 283 selfrepresented rechtzoekenden in de studie&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Trilde. Ik had nog nooit behandeld als dat &lt;/del&gt;in &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mijn hele leven. Economische activiteit is een maat voor degenen die werk hebben plus degenen die werkloos zijn maar beschikbaar zijn voor de arbeidsmarkt &lt;/del&gt;(&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ILO werklozen&lt;/del&gt;) &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in te voeren. Omgekeerd&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;de economisch inactieven zijn die mensen die niet op de arbeidsmarkt, maar niet alle IAO criteria om te worden ingedeeld als werkloze niet aan. De meest voorkomende redenen voor inactiviteit zijn dat een student, gepensioneerd, op zoek na een gezin of thuis en zijn langdurig ziek of gehandicapt ..&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Het &lt;/del&gt;is &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;belangrijk om te lezen en onderzoek over iets dat fishy klinkt voordat je in het. Ik kan alles ik kopen met behulp van $ 400 te houden, maar ik moet verslag uitbrengen van mijn shopping ervaring. Ook de e&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mail vroeg me om wat persoonlijke informatie te sturen, zodat de controle kan worden [http&lt;/del&gt;:/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/www&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;boligna.be/backoffice/ckeditor/nieuws.asp?u=119-Uggs-Belgie-Winkels Uggs Belgie Winkels&lt;/del&gt;] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;gemaild naar mij ..&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;br&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;((Omdat het de allereerste was het gebonden aan niet perfect te zijn)) maar over het algemeen ben ik tevreden&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;De meeste toepassingen hebben een 12% performance boost over mijn A8N SLI Deluxe gezien&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ik rende ongeveer 6 benchmarks tot nu toe en een paar games zoals FEAR&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Nu &lt;/del&gt;is &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mijn energieniveau is zo veel hoger&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ik heb om te gaan uit mijn bloeddruk geneeskunde en mijn zure reflux geneeskunde, die bespaart me ongeveer duizend dollar per jaar &lt;/del&gt;in &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;staat geweest. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;James was fantastisch om mee te werken! Hij was altijd zeer snel te reageren op e-mails, en zeer professioneel. We hebben altijd onze foto&lt;/del&gt;&#039;s &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;snel ontvangen en we zouden hem aan iedereen aanraden&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Hij heeft een grote persoonlijkheid en een van de hoogtepunten van onze dag was het nemen van foto&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s op onze bruiloft! James maakt het fotograferen leuk!&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ul&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A linear operator &#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039; on a vector space &#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039; is defined to &lt;/ins&gt;be &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;nilpotent&#039;&#039;&#039; if there is a positive integer  &#039;&#039;k&#039;&#039; such that &#039;&#039;T&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;k&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;&lt;/ins&gt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sup&amp;gt; = 0&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;For example&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;any operator given by a matrix whose entries are zero on and below its diagonal is nilpotent&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;li&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://0563d.com/forum.php?mod&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;viewthread&amp;amp;tid=75577 http:&lt;/del&gt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/0563d.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&amp;amp;tid&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;75577]&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;li&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A&lt;/ins&gt;=  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;li&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://www.tuxeros.ch/ http://www.tuxeros&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ch/]&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;li&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\begin{bmatrix}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp; a_{1 2}&amp;amp; a_{1 3} &amp;amp; \cdots &amp;amp; a_{1 n}  \\&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;   &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;[http://www.film&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;video-dvd-production&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;com/spip&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;php?article6/ http://www&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;film&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;video&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;dvd&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;production.com/spip.php?article6/]&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp; 0      &amp;amp; a_{2 3} &amp;amp; \cdots &amp;amp; a_{2 n}  \\&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\vdots &amp;amp; \vdots &amp;amp; \ddots  &amp;amp; \ddots &amp;amp; \vdots   \\&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;   &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;[http://co.ctbu.edu.cn/forum.php?mod&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;viewthread&amp;amp;tid&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;865164 &lt;/del&gt;http://&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;co&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ctbu&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;edu.cn&lt;/del&gt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;forum.php&lt;/del&gt;?&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mod&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;viewthread&amp;amp;tid&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;865164&lt;/del&gt;]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp;   0    &amp;amp;         &amp;amp; \ddots &amp;amp; a_{n&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1 n}\\&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0      &amp;amp;   0    &amp;amp; \cdots  &amp;amp; \cdots &amp;amp;   &lt;/ins&gt;0 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;    &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;   &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;[http://bbs&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;17caomei&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;com/forum.php?mod&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;viewthread&amp;amp;tid&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;441310 &lt;/del&gt;http://&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;bbs&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;17caomei&lt;/del&gt;.com/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;forum.php&lt;/del&gt;?&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mod&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;viewthread&amp;amp;tid&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;441310&lt;/del&gt;]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\end{bmatrix}&lt;/ins&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;An element &#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039; of a Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;/ins&gt;is &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ad-nilpotent if and only if the linear operator on &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;defined by &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\operatorname{ad}_x (y) = [x,y]\ &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;is nilpotent&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; Note that &lt;/ins&gt;in &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the Lie algebra &#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;(&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;) &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of linear operators on &#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the identity operator I&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sub&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/sub&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt; is &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ad&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;nilpotent (because &amp;lt;math&amp;gt; \operatorname{ad}_{I_{V}} = 0 &lt;/ins&gt;: &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;L(V) \rightarrow L(V) &amp;lt;&lt;/ins&gt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&amp;gt;) but is not a nilpotent operator&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; is nilpotent if and only if the [[lower central series]] defined [[recursion|recursively]&lt;/ins&gt;] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;by&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\mathbf{L}^0 =  \mathbf{L}, \quad \mathbf{L}^{i+1} = [\mathbf{L}, \mathbf{L}^i]\ &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;eventually reaches {0}&lt;/ins&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Theorem&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; A finite-dimensional Lie algebra &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; is nilpotent if and only if every element of &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; is ad-nilpotent&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Note that no assumption on the underlying base field &lt;/ins&gt;is &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;required&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The key lemma &lt;/ins&gt;in &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the proof of Engel&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;s &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;theorem is the following fact&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;about Lie algebras of linear operators on finite dimensional vector spaces which is useful in its own right:&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Let &#039;&#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;&#039; be a Lie subalgebra of &#039;&#039;L&#039;&#039;(&#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039;)&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; Then &#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;L&#039;&#039;&#039; consists of nilpotent operators if and only if there is a sequence&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; V_0 \subsetneq V_1 \subsetneq \cdots \subsetneq V_n\ &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of subspaces of &#039;&#039;V&#039;&#039; such that &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;V_0 &lt;/ins&gt;= &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0&amp;lt;&lt;/ins&gt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;V_n &lt;/ins&gt;= &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;V&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;: &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\mathbf{L} \, V_{i+1} \subseteq V_i, \quad \forall i \leq n-1&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\ &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Thus Lie algebras of nilpotent operators are simultaneously strictly upper&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;triangulizable&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== See also ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [[Lie&#039;s theorem]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==References==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [[Karin Erdmann|Erdmann, Karin]] &amp;amp; Wildon, Mark&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;Introduction to Lie Algebras&#039;&#039;, 1st edition, Springer, 2006&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ISBN 1&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;84628&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;040&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*{{Citation | last1=Hawkins | first1=Thomas | title&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Emergence of the theory of Lie groups | url&lt;/ins&gt;=http://&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;books&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;google&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;com&lt;/ins&gt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;books&lt;/ins&gt;?&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;isbn&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;978-0-387-98963-1 | publisher&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Springer-Verlag&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;] | location=Berlin, New York | series=Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences | isbn=978-0-387-98963-1 | mr=1771134 | year=2000}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* G. Hochschild, &#039;&#039;The Structure of Lie Groups&#039;&#039;, Holden Day, 1965.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* J&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Humphreys, &#039;&#039;Introduction to Lie Algebras and Representation Theory&#039;&#039;, Springer, 1972&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*{{Citation | last1=Umlauf | first1=Karl Arthur | title=Über Die Zusammensetzung Der Endlichen Continuierlichen Transformationsgruppen, Insbesondre Der Gruppen Vom Range Null | origyear&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1891 | url&lt;/ins&gt;=http://&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;books&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;google&lt;/ins&gt;.com/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;books&lt;/ins&gt;?&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;isbn=978-1141588893 | publisher=Nabu Press | language=German | series=Inaugural-Dissertation, Leipzig | isbn&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;978-1-141-58889-3 | year&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2010}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Theorems in representation theory]&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Representation theory of Lie algebras]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>en&gt;Kvng</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://en.formulasearchengine.com/index.php?title=Oversampling&amp;diff=237710&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>en&gt;Kvng: Reverted good faith edits by Mblumber (talk): There is no good disambiguation at this time. (TW)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://en.formulasearchengine.com/index.php?title=Oversampling&amp;diff=237710&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2012-08-22T13:25:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Reverted &lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=WP:AGF&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;WP:AGF (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;good faith&lt;/a&gt; edits by &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Special:Contributions/Mblumber&quot; title=&quot;Special:Contributions/Mblumber&quot;&gt;Mblumber&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=User_talk:Mblumber&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;User talk:Mblumber (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;talk&lt;/a&gt;): There is no good disambiguation at this time. (&lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=WP:TW&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;WP:TW (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;TW&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Uggs Belgie Solden  bijvoorbeeld een Slideshare presentatie ==&lt;br /&gt;
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 &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>en&gt;Kvng</name></author>
	</entry>
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