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| '''Nucleotidyltransferases''' are [[transferase]] enzymes of phosphorus-containing groups, e.g., [[substituent]]s of nucleotidylic acids or simply [[nucleoside monophosphate]]s. The general reaction of transferring a nucleoside monophosphate moiety from A to B, can be written as:
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| :A-'''P-N''' + B <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> A + B-'''P-N'''
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| For example, in the case of polymerases, A is pyrophosphate and B is the nascent polynucleotide.
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| They are classified under [[Enzyme Commission number|EC number]] 2.7.7 and they can be categorised into:
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| #[[Uridylyltransferase]]s, which transfer [[uridylyl]]- groups
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| #[[Adenylyltransferase]]s, which transfer [[adenylyl]]- groups
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| #[[Guanylyltransferase]]s, which transfer [[guanylyl]]- groups
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| #[[Cytitidylyltransferase]]s, which transfer [[cytidylyl]]- groups
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| #[[Thymidylyltransferase]]s, which transfer [[thymidylyl]]- groups
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| ==Role in DNA repair mechanisms==
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| Nucleotidyl transferase is a component of the repair pathway for single nucleotide [[base excision repair]]. This repair mechanism begins when a single nucleotide is recognized by DNA [[glycosylase]] as incorrectly matched or has been mutated in some way (UV light, chemical mutagen, etc.), and is removed. Later, a nucleotidyl tranferase is used to fill in the gap with the correct base, using the [[template strand]] as the reference.
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| <ref>
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| {{cite journal
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| | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M611295200
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| | quotes =
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| | author = Yuan Liu, Rajendra Prasad, William A. Beard, Padmini S. Kedar, Esther W. Hou, David D. Shock, and Samuel H. Wilson
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| | date = May 4, 2007
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| | title = Coordination of Steps in Single-nucleotide Base Excision Repair Mediated by Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 and DNA Polymerase β
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| | journal = Journal of Biological Chemistry
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| | volume = 282
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| | issue = 18
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| | pages = 13532–13541
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| | pmid = 17355977
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| | pmc = 2366199
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| | url = http://www.jbc.org/content/282/18/13532.full.pdf+html
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| | quote = The enzymes and accessory factors involved in the BER subpathways in mammalian cells have received considerable attention. As summarized above, five distinct enzymatic reaction are involved during SN-BER. These are 1) removal of a modified base by a lesion-specific monofunctional DNA N-glycosylase, 2) 5'-incision of the abasic site by a hydrolytic strand incision enzyme, 3) DNA synthesis by a nucleotidyltransferase, 4) removal of the 5'-dRP group by a'-elimination reaction, and 5) nick sealing by DNA ligase (36, 37)
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| }}
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| </ref>
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| ==References==
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| <references/>
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| ==External links==
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| * {{MeshName|Nucleotidyltransferases}}
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| {{Kinases}}
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| [[Category:Transferases]]
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| [[Category:EC 2.7.7|*]]
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| {{transferase-stub}}
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