Surface wave inversion - Revision history

en>Yobot: WP:CHECKWIKI error fixes + other fixes using AWB (10067)

2014-03-29T17:26:57Z

WP:CHECKWIKI error fixes + other fixes using AWB (10067)

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:26, 29 March 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
	The ~~'''color killer'''~~ is ~~an electronic stage in color [[TV]] receiver sets which acts as~~ a ~~cutting circuit~~ to ~~cut off~~ the ~~color amplifiers when the TV receives a [[monochrome]] signal~~.<~~ref~~>~~[http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/color+killer+circuit thefreedictionary.com]~~<~~/ref~~>		Break the difficulties of conformity as well as go all from a biking journey. The mountain bike park is within easy riding distance, approximately 3km from the town centre. Check out bicycle repair tool reviews of the most popular tools that provide the best value for your dollar. Generally speaking, a good, durable mountain bike starts at about $600 and goes up from there. Why would I want to change, even for a day, the most important and shaping event in my life. <br><br>

	~~== Monochromatic transmission ==~~		Similarly mountain bike wheels are also an important feature. Young children can hardly wait for their first Hot Wheels or tricycle. Fitting is logical, the instructions are clear few tools are required. More than just the excitement of biking you can be delighted by the beautiful whistle of a hill myna or by the amicable smile of a villager. Browse a number of the on-line forums to determine what other riders like and do not like about their bicycles. <br><br>Technological know-how is advancing very rapidly and manufactures have observed ways to make batteries much more efficient and Eco-pleasant at the very same time along with photo voltaic PV cells getting additional and a lot more effortless and economical to make. The trailhead for this county park is located on Kies Road, between Northland Drive and Meyers Lake Avenue. It is meant for leisurely riding, and some mountain biking. Follow these simple tips and maximize your riding time while you wait for the snow to fall again. The suitable quill stems are sized down to the internal diameter of your fork's steer tube. <br><br>Most people will increase the power and size of their electric motor with the purpose of traveling at a higher speed and increasing the torque of the bike. It is important for the rider to note that not all frames are compatible with every type of forks. Maybe you like to go out; maybe you like to mountain bike. You can find many sweet and sunshiny adventures right in the local area and beyond. One of the problems is that they just haven't caught on and become commercially available enough to make them an everyday sight. <br><br>So I should be looking for an 18 to 19 inch bike frame. Why pollute the air when you can experience an electrical folding bike. The price may generally differ depending on the condition of the bike and on how new the model really is. If you have any kind of questions regarding where and ways to use [http://www.kandengue.com/profile/quscollen Here is your mountain bike sizing.], you could call us at the web site. The price range of lightweight bicycles prices vary from $200. It's about the journey and all that it entails, learning about yourself, making friends, being helped, and of course, helping others along the way".
	~~When a receiver~~ is ~~tuned to a monochrome transmission~~, the ~~displayed scene should have no color components~~. ~~However, there are two factors which result in color display even during monochrome transmission:~~
	* a high frequency component of the ~~luminance signal~~
	* a high frequency of ~~external noise~~

	~~When~~ the ~~frequencies~~ of ~~these signals equals~~ the ~~frequency~~ of ~~the color subcarrier wave, they may create an irritating color dot pattern like ''confetti'', which interferes with the monochrome picture~~.

	~~== Color transmission ==~~
	~~In a color TV waveform,~~ a ~~reference pulse, called the [[colorburst\|burst]]{{efn\|name=burst}} is transmitted along the [[back porch]] portion~~ of the ~~video signal~~. ~~If the transmitted signal~~ is ~~monochromatic, then~~ the ~~burst is not transmitted~~. The ~~color killer~~ is ~~actually a muting circuit in the chroma section which supervises the burst~~ and ~~turns off the color amplifiers if no burst is received (i.e~~. ~~when the signal~~ is ~~received signal is monochromatic.)<ref>Bernard Grob-Charles E.Herndon:''Basic television~~ and ~~Video systems'', Glanceo McGraw Hill, 1998, ISBN 978-0-02-800437-2, p~~. ~~456–458.</ref>~~

	~~== Equation ==~~
	~~In [[NTSC]]~~ and ~~[[PAL]] transmissions,~~ the ~~color TV signal can be represented as:{{efn\|name=SECAM}}~~

	~~:<math>E(t) = E_y(t)+ a_1\cdot(E_b(t)-E_y(t))\cdot \sin(\omega t)+ a_2\cdot(E_r(t)-E_y(t))\cdot \cos(\omega t)</math>~~

	~~In this equation <math>a_1</math> and <math>a_2</math>~~ are ~~attenuation factors,~~ <~~math~~>~~E_y~~ <~~/math~~> is the ~~[[luminance]] signal, <math>(E_b-E_y)</math>~~ and ~~<math>(E_r-E_y)</math> are~~ the ~~so-called color difference signals~~ and ~~<math>\omega</math> is~~ the ~~angular frequency~~ of the ~~color carrier~~. ~~<math>\omega</math>~~ is ~~within the luminance bandwidth.<ref>For more complete equation see ''Reference Data~~ for ~~Radio Engineers'', Howard W. Sams Co, ISBN 978-0-672-21218-5, pp. 30–14.</ref>~~

	~~{{split-section\|Mekhikon\|date=July 2013}}~~

	~~== Color eraser (''mekhikon'') ==~~

	In the ~~70's, the Israeli government considered the import~~ of ~~color televisions as frivolous and a luxury that would increase social gaps~~. ~~Therefore, the government ordered the [[Israel Broadcasting Authority]]~~ to ~~erase the color from color-taped telecasts by erasing the "[[burst phase]]" signal~~. ~~The "damaged" signal triggered the "color killer" mechanism, installed~~ in ~~color TV sets to prevent~~ the ~~appearance of color~~. ~~This method was named ''mekhikon'' ({{lang-he\|מחיקון}} "eraser").~~

	~~== Color anti-eraser (''anti-mekhikon'') ==~~

	~~Soon after its introduction~~ of the ~~"Color eraser", special TV sets with an~~ '~~'anti-mekhikon'' ({{lang-he\|אנטי-מחיקון}} "anti-eraser") device were offered. This device re-constructed the burst phase signal according~~ to ~~several known standards. The client had to turn a switch until the pictures on the screen appeared in natural colors~~. ~~According to a report in [[Yediot Aharonoth]] from January 1979~~<~~ref~~>Report from 19 January 1979 by Leah Etgar on Yediot Aharonot's economic supplement ("HaLirot Shelkha"), partially cited in "The Future that was: Anti-Mekhikon", a historical review by Gal Mor, [[Ynet]], 7 June 2004 (in Hebrew)<~~/ref~~> ~~clients had~~ to ~~manipulate~~ the ~~switch every 15 minutes on average in normal conditions, or up to 10 times~~ an ~~hour when special problems occurred, in order to restore natural colors or if the picture suddenly turned black and white~~.

	~~Based~~ on ~~information from owners of electricity appliance stores,~~ the ~~report estimated that 90%~~ of ~~those who bought color TV sets also bought~~ the ~~''anti-mekhikon'' device, whose price ranged between 2,500~~ and ~~4,000 [[Israeli lira\|Israeli lirot]] (~~the ~~TV set itself cost 40-50 thousand lirot)~~.~~<ref>Ten thousand Israeli lirot in January 1979 equal about 7,000 Israeli new shekels in May 2011 prices, according~~ to ~~the~~ [http://www.~~cbs~~.~~gov.il~~/~~reader~~/~~?MIval=%2Fprices_db%2FMachshevon_Results~~.html&MySubject=11120010&Subjects=38&MyCode=11120010&MultMin=19511016&MultMax=20110504&DateMin=16%2F10%2F1951&DateMax=04%2F05%2F2011&SpecificationType=1&ssum=10000&koeff=10000&Days_2=4&Months_2=5&Years_2=2011&Days_1=19&Months_1=1&Years_1=1979 calculator] ~~available~~ at the ~~website~~ of ~~the [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]]~~.~~</ref>~~

	~~Eventually,~~ the ~~mekhikon idea was proven to be futile,~~ and ~~the Israeli television stopped using~~ it ~~in 1980~~, ~~allowing color transmissions to be received freely.~~

	~~== Notes ==~~

	~~{{notes~~
	~~\| notes =~~

	~~{{efn~~
	~~\| name = burst~~
	~~\| Burst is actually a 10 period color carrier signal.~~
	}}

	~~{{efn~~
	~~\| name = SECAM~~
	~~\| In [[SECAM]]~~, ~~a similar equation can be used except that~~ the ~~modulation system is [[Frequency modulation\|FM]] instead of [[QAM]]~~.
	}}

	}}

	~~== References ==~~

	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~{{Analogue TV transmitter topics}}~~

	~~[[Category:Television technology]]~~

en>A.amitkumar: Reverted good faith edit(s) by 141.225.162.98 using STiki

2013-06-22T22:44:06Z

Reverted good faith edit(s) by 141.225.162.98 using STiki

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:44, 23 June 2013
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~Riding along side automobiles and crossing intersections somehow seemed scarier than those single tracks I left behind~~ in ~~the foothills. Each hole is made up differently and your driver is not always the best way to start~~ a ~~hole. Ideally you will want~~ to ~~purchase accessories which enable you to be as safe as possible so here you will find out about~~ the ~~best safety accessories available to purchase. It has a round tire cross-section that is typical for Continental, and~~ the ~~Gravity - Arc tread that lead to~~ a ~~playful handling~~. ~~If you liked this post and you would certainly such as to obtain even more facts pertaining to~~ [http://~~www~~.~~tipsofthedays~~.com/~~profile/stlus Womens mountain bike sizing~~.] ~~kindly go~~ to ~~our web page. As~~ the ~~area has grown, affordable housing needs~~ have to. ~~<br><br>Similarly mountain bike wheels~~ are ~~also an important feature. "Before breathing exercises it took me 45 minutes to really get into my stride when off road mountain biking. If you don't do~~ a ~~lot~~ of ~~racing on mountain trails then you need~~ a ~~road bike. Just to give you~~ an ~~idea~~, ~~mine has three settings~~, ~~those being; Completely off, so that I am riding it as~~ a ~~normal bike; Power assist~~, ~~where~~ the ~~power kicks in after a couple of revolutions~~ of the ~~pedals and~~ then ~~remains on as long as~~ the ~~pedals are turning, (there~~ is a ~~high~~ and ~~low setting in this mode~~). ~~The micro-brewery~~ and ~~pub sits right along the White Pine Trail~~, ~~a paved rail~~-~~trail that runs from Grand Rapids to Cadillac~~. <br><br>~~Technological know~~-~~how is advancing very rapidly and manufactures have observed ways to make batteries much more efficient and Eco~~-~~pleasant at the very same time along with photo voltaic PV cells getting additional~~ and ~~a lot more effortless and economical to make. Here~~ are ~~some of~~ the ~~more popular mountain bike wheels now available~~ [*CO]~~. It is meant for leisurely riding~~, ~~and some mountain biking. Follow these simple tips and maximize your riding time while you wait for the snow to fall again. However, be careful that any loose ends~~ (~~from straps or laces~~) and ~~buckles don't have over, as they can pose a safety hazard if you elect to use toe clips.~~ <br><br>~~The tracks~~ are ~~mostly dirt paths on outdoor scenery. In between,~~ the ~~biker can perform whatever new trick he or she has learnt up~~ and ~~this trick~~ is ~~known as~~ the ~~gap jump~~. ~~These four websites are important to serious bikers~~. ~~Mountain bikes are equipped with knobby tires~~, ~~large number of gears and handle bars that are wider; they also include shocks and a much stronger suspension~~. ~~To find out the latest News and Tips on folding bikes~~, ~~visit Best Folding Bikes at bestfoldingbikes~~. <br>~~<br>From there~~, ~~there are levers designed to work with~~ the ~~different variations~~ of ~~brake calipers~~ and ~~dual control levers~~ that ~~control braking and shifting~~. ~~There is anything~~ from ~~shocks~~ to ~~gears~~, special ~~wheels, exclusive take care of bars that can be immediately switched to match the terrain you~~'re ~~riding on and so substantially much more~~. ~~And~~ the ~~cyclist may certainly sense~~ the ~~distinction~~. ~~Whether it~~'s a ~~testament~~ to ~~South Dakota's commitment~~ to ~~recycling~~, or ~~just whimsy~~, ~~Bone Collector embodies~~ the ~~features~~ of the ~~best bike trails~~ in the ~~world~~: ~~Sedona~~, ~~Moab~~, ~~Flagstaff, Whistler~~ and ~~Tahoe~~, ~~without the long drive or expensive plane ticket~~. ~~Part of Park City's distinction as~~ the ~~International Mountain Bike Association's first and only gold-level Ride Center~~ is ~~its abundance~~ of ~~beginner trails~~.		The '''color killer''' is an electronic stage in color [[TV]] receiver sets which acts as a cutting circuit to cut off the color amplifiers when the TV receives a [[monochrome]] signal.<ref>[http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/color+killer+circuit thefreedictionary.com]</ref>

			== Monochromatic transmission ==
			When a receiver is tuned to a monochrome transmission, the displayed scene should have no color components. However, there are two factors which result in color display even during monochrome transmission:
			* a high frequency component of the luminance signal
			* a high frequency of external noise

			When the frequencies of these signals equals the frequency of the color subcarrier wave, they may create an irritating color dot pattern like ''confetti'', which interferes with the monochrome picture.

			== Color transmission ==
			In a color TV waveform, a reference pulse, called the [[colorburst\|burst]]{{efn\|name=burst}} is transmitted along the [[back porch]] portion of the video signal. If the transmitted signal is monochromatic, then the burst is not transmitted. The color killer is actually a muting circuit in the chroma section which supervises the burst and turns off the color amplifiers if no burst is received (i.e. when the signal is received signal is monochromatic.)<ref>Bernard Grob-Charles E.Herndon:''Basic television and Video systems'', Glanceo McGraw Hill, 1998, ISBN 978-0-02-800437-2, p. 456–458.</ref>

			== Equation ==
			In [[NTSC]] and [[PAL]] transmissions, the color TV signal can be represented as:{{efn\|name=SECAM}}

			:<math>E(t) = E_y(t)+ a_1\cdot(E_b(t)-E_y(t))\cdot \sin(\omega t)+ a_2\cdot(E_r(t)-E_y(t))\cdot \cos(\omega t)</math>

			In this equation <math>a_1</math> and <math>a_2</math> are attenuation factors, <math>E_y </math> is the [[luminance]] signal, <math>(E_b-E_y)</math> and <math>(E_r-E_y)</math> are the so-called color difference signals and <math>\omega</math> is the angular frequency of the color carrier. <math>\omega</math> is within the luminance bandwidth.<ref>For more complete equation see ''Reference Data for Radio Engineers'', Howard W. Sams Co, ISBN 978-0-672-21218-5, pp. 30–14.</ref>

			{{split-section\|Mekhikon\|date=July 2013}}

			== Color eraser (''mekhikon'') ==

			In the 70's, the Israeli government considered the import of color televisions as frivolous and a luxury that would increase social gaps. Therefore, the government ordered the [[Israel Broadcasting Authority]] to erase the color from color-taped telecasts by erasing the "[[burst phase]]" signal. The "damaged" signal triggered the "color killer" mechanism, installed in color TV sets to prevent the appearance of color. This method was named ''mekhikon'' ({{lang-he\|מחיקון}} "eraser").

			== Color anti-eraser (''anti-mekhikon'') ==

			Soon after its introduction of the "Color eraser", special TV sets with an ''anti-mekhikon'' ({{lang-he\|אנטי-מחיקון}} "anti-eraser") device were offered. This device re-constructed the burst phase signal according to several known standards. The client had to turn a switch until the pictures on the screen appeared in natural colors. According to a report in [[Yediot Aharonoth]] from January 1979<ref>Report from 19 January 1979 by Leah Etgar on Yediot Aharonot's economic supplement ("HaLirot Shelkha"), partially cited in "The Future that was: Anti-Mekhikon", a historical review by Gal Mor, [[Ynet]], 7 June 2004 (in Hebrew)</ref> clients had to manipulate the switch every 15 minutes on average in normal conditions, or up to 10 times an hour when special problems occurred, in order to restore natural colors or if the picture suddenly turned black and white.

			Based on information from owners of electricity appliance stores, the report estimated that 90% of those who bought color TV sets also bought the ''anti-mekhikon'' device, whose price ranged between 2,500 and 4,000 [[Israeli lira\|Israeli lirot]] (the TV set itself cost 40-50 thousand lirot).<ref>Ten thousand Israeli lirot in January 1979 equal about 7,000 Israeli new shekels in May 2011 prices, according to the [http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/?MIval=%2Fprices_db%2FMachshevon_Results.html&MySubject=11120010&Subjects=38&MyCode=11120010&MultMin=19511016&MultMax=20110504&DateMin=16%2F10%2F1951&DateMax=04%2F05%2F2011&SpecificationType=1&ssum=10000&koeff=10000&Days_2=4&Months_2=5&Years_2=2011&Days_1=19&Months_1=1&Years_1=1979 calculator] available at the website of the [[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]].</ref>

			Eventually, the mekhikon idea was proven to be futile, and the Israeli television stopped using it in 1980, allowing color transmissions to be received freely.

			== Notes ==

			{{notes
			\| notes =

			{{efn
			\| name = burst
			\| Burst is actually a 10 period color carrier signal.
			}}

			{{efn
			\| name = SECAM
			\| In [[SECAM]], a similar equation can be used except that the modulation system is [[Frequency modulation\|FM]] instead of [[QAM]].
			}}

			}}

			== References ==

			{{reflist}}

			{{Analogue TV transmitter topics}}

			[[Category:Television technology]]

en>Afaber012: clean up, typos fixed: et. al → ''et al.'' using AWB

2011-09-19T08:36:58Z

clean up, typos fixed: et. al → ''et al.'' using AWB

New page

Riding along side automobiles and crossing intersections somehow seemed scarier than those single tracks I left behind in the foothills. Each hole is made up differently and your driver is not always the best way to start a hole. Ideally you will want to purchase accessories which enable you to be as safe as possible so here you will find out about the best safety accessories available to purchase. It has a round tire cross-section that is typical for Continental, and the Gravity - Arc tread that lead to a playful handling. If you liked this post and you would certainly such as to obtain even more facts pertaining to [http://www.tipsofthedays.com/profile/stlus Womens mountain bike sizing.] kindly go to our web page. As the area has grown, affordable housing needs have to. Similarly mountain bike wheels are also an important feature. "Before breathing exercises it took me 45 minutes to really get into my stride when off road mountain biking. If you don't do a lot of racing on mountain trails then you need a road bike. Just to give you an idea, mine has three settings, those being; *Completely off, so that I am riding it as a normal bike; *Power assist, where the power kicks in after a couple of revolutions of the pedals and then remains on as long as the pedals are turning, (there is a high and low setting in this mode). The micro-brewery and pub sits right along the White Pine Trail, a paved rail-trail that runs from Grand Rapids to Cadillac. Technological know-how is advancing very rapidly and manufactures have observed ways to make batteries much more efficient and Eco-pleasant at the very same time along with photo voltaic PV cells getting additional and a lot more effortless and economical to make. Here are some of the more popular mountain bike wheels now available [*CO]. It is meant for leisurely riding, and some mountain biking. Follow these simple tips and maximize your riding time while you wait for the snow to fall again. However, be careful that any loose ends (from straps or laces) and buckles don't have over, as they can pose a safety hazard if you elect to use toe clips. The tracks are mostly dirt paths on outdoor scenery. In between, the biker can perform whatever new trick he or she has learnt up and this trick is known as the gap jump. These four websites are important to serious bikers. Mountain bikes are equipped with knobby tires, large number of gears and handle bars that are wider; they also include shocks and a much stronger suspension. To find out the latest News and Tips on folding bikes, visit Best Folding Bikes at bestfoldingbikes. From there, there are levers designed to work with the different variations of brake calipers and dual control levers that control braking and shifting. There is anything from shocks to gears, special wheels, exclusive take care of bars that can be immediately switched to match the terrain you're riding on and so substantially much more. And the cyclist may certainly sense the distinction. Whether it's a testament to South Dakota's commitment to recycling, or just whimsy, Bone Collector embodies the features of the best bike trails in the world: Sedona, Moab, Flagstaff, Whistler and Tahoe, without the long drive or expensive plane ticket. Part of Park City's distinction as the International Mountain Bike Association's first and only gold-level Ride Center is its abundance of beginner trails.