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{{New Testament manuscript infobox
| form   = Papyrus
| number = '''<math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>23</sup>'''
| image  = Papyrus 23 James 1,15-18.jpg
| isize  = 
| caption= James 1:15-18
| name   = [[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|P. Oxy.]] 1229
| sign   = 
| text   = [[Epistle of James|James]] 1 †
| script = [[Greek language|Greek]]
| date   = 3rd century
| found  = [[Egypt]]
| now at = [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois]]
| cite   = [[Bernard Pyne Grenfell|B. P. Grenfell]] & [[Arthur Surridge Hunt|A. S. Hunt]], ''Oxyrynchus Papyri’' X, (London 1914), pp. 16-18
| size   = 12.1 x 11.2 cm
| type   = [[Alexandrian text-type]]
| cat    = I
| hand   = 
| note   = 
}}

'''Papyrus 23''' (in the [[Biblical manuscript#Gregory-Aland|Gregory-Aland]] numbering), designated by '''<math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>23</sup>''', is an early copy of the [[New Testament]] in [[Greek language|Greek]]. It is a [[papyrus]] [[Biblical manuscript|manuscript]] of the [[Epistle of James]], it contains only James 1:10-12,15-18. The manuscript [[Palaeography|paleographically]] has been assigned to the early 3rd century.<ref name = Comfort>{{Cite book
 | last = Comfort
 | first = Philip W.
 | authorlink = Philip Comfort
 | author2 = David P. Barrett
 | title = The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts
 | publisher = Tyndale House Publishers
 | year = 2001
 | location = Wheaton, Illinois
 | page = 111
 | url = 
 | isbn = 978-0-8423-5265-9}} </ref> 

== Description ==

The [[Nomina sacra]] are written fully, abbreviations are used only at the end of lines.<ref name = Grenfell>B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, ''Oxyrynchus Papyri'' X, (London 1914), p. 16. </ref> There has been noticed the occurrence of the ungrammatical αποσκιασματος found also in [[Codex Sinaiticus]] and [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|Vaticanus]] in James 1:17. 

The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the [[Alexandrian text-type]] (or rather proto-Alexandrian). [[Kurt Aland|Aland]] placed it in [[Categories of New Testament manuscripts#Category I|Category I]].<ref name = Aland>{{Cite book
 |last=Aland
 |first=Kurt
 |authorlink=Kurt Aland
 |coauthors=[[Barbara Aland]]; Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.)
 |title=The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism
 |publisher=[[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company]]
 |year=1995
 |location=Grand Rapids
 |page=97
 |url=http://books.google.pl/books?id=2pYDsAhUOxAC&pg=PA97&lpg=PA97&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false
 |isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref> This manuscript displays the greatest agreement with codices <big>[[Codex Sinaiticus|א]]</big> [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Ephraemi|C]], which represent the best text of the [[Catholic epistles]], and then with [[Codex Vaticanus]] and [[Papyrus 74]].<ref name = Comfort/> 

It is currently housed at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|University of Illinois]] (G. P. 1229) in [[Urbana, Illinois]].<ref name = Aland/><ref name = INTF>{{Cite web|url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=10023|title= Liste Handschriften|publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research|accessdate=23 August 2011|location=Münster}} </ref>

== See also ==

* [[List of New Testament papyri]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==

* [[Bernard Pyne Grenfell|B. P. Grenfell]] & [[Arthur Surridge Hunt|A. S. Hunt]], [http://www.archive.org/stream/oxyrhynchusppt1000grenuoft#page/16/mode/2up ''Oxyrynchus Papyri'' X], (London 1914), pp.&nbsp;16-18. 
* R. H. Charles, ''Revelation of St. John'', ICC, vol. II (Edinbourgh, 1920), pp.&nbsp;448-450.

== External links ==
{{Grenfell and Hunt}}
* [http://chrles.multiply.com/photos/album/105/Bible_Papyrus_p23#4 <math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>23</sup> (P.Oxy 1229) recto James 1:10-12]
* [http://chrles.multiply.com/photos/album/105/Bible_Papyrus_p23#5 <math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>23</sup> (P.Oxy 1229) verso James 1:15-18]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Papyrus 0023}}
[[Category:New Testament papyri]]
[[Category:3rd-century biblical manuscripts]]
[[Category:Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament]]