Pointwise mutual information: Difference between revisions

From formulasearchengine
Jump to navigation Jump to search
en>Gjnaasaa
→‎Definition: Added clarification to avoid confusion
 
en>Nnbbb
→‎Chain-rule for pmi: corrected a symbol swap typo in the statement of the result. the derivation was fine.
Line 1: Line 1:
Wilber Berryhill is the name his parents gave him and he completely digs that name. My spouse and I reside in Kentucky. Since he was eighteen he's been operating as an information officer but he plans on altering it. To perform lacross is some thing he would never give  [http://www.familysurvivalgroup.com/easy-methods-planting-looking-backyard/ live psychic reading] up.<br><br>my site: [http://www.article-galaxy.com/profile.php?a=143251 free psychic readings] psychic ([http://www.khuplaza.com/dent/14869889 Privacy of Data: This tool is built-with and functions-in Client Side JavaScripting, so only your computer will see or process your data input/output.a cool way to improve])
{{One source|date=July 2009}}
 
In [[optics]], '''Grassmann's law''' is an empirical result about human color perception:  that chromatic sensation can be described in terms of an effective stimulus consisting of [[linear]] combinations of different light colors. It was discovered by [[Hermann Grassmann]].
 
== Statement ==
 
[[File:Grassman color circle 1853.png|right|thumb|Grassman expressed his law with respect to a circular arrangement of spectral colors in this 1853 illustration.<ref>{{cite book | title = Hermann Günther Grassmann (1809-1877): visionary mathematician, scientist and neohumanist scholar : papers from a sesquicentennial conference
| authors = Hermann Grassmann, Gert Schubring
| publisher = Springer
| year = 1996
| isbn = 978-0-7923-4261-8
| page = 78
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=PUifpzKWhLkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=grassman%27s+second+law+color+linear&as_brr=3&ei=HQg9SqDGLpDOlQT7mpW6BQ
}}</ref>]]
 
An early statement of law, attributed to Grassmann, is:<ref>{{cite book
| title = A text-book of physiology: normal and pathological. For students and practitioners of medicine
| author = Winfield Scott Hall
| publisher = Lea Brothers & Co
| year = 1905
| page = 624
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=HPVwAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA624&dq=%22grassman%27s+law%22+color&as_brr=1&ei=fH08SpHNPITOlQS4wpG6BQ
}}</ref>
 
{{cquote|
If two simple but non-complementary spectral colors be mixed with each other, they give rise to the color sensation which may be represented by a color in the spectrum lying between both and mixed with a certain quantity of white.
}}
 
== Modern interpretation ==
 
If a test color is the combination of two other colors, then in a matching experiment based on mixing primary light colors, an observer's matching value of each primary will be the sum of the matching values for each of the other test colors when viewed separately.
 
In other words, if beam 1 and 2 are the initial colors, and the observer chooses <math>(R_1,G_1,B_1)</math> as the strengths of the primaries that match beam 1 and <math>(R_2,G_2,B_2)</math> as the strengths of the primaries that match beam 2, then if the two beams were combined, the matching values will be the sums of the components. Precisely, they will be <math>(R,G,B)</math>, where:
 
:<math>R= R_1+R_2\,</math>
:<math>G= G_1+G_2\,</math>
:<math>B= B_1+B_2\,</math>
 
Grassmann's law can be expressed in general form by stating that for a given color with a [[Spectral density|spectral power distribution]] <math>I(\lambda)</math> the RGB coordinates are given by:
 
:<math>R= \int_0^\infty I(\lambda)\,\bar r(\lambda)\,d\lambda</math>
:<math>G= \int_0^\infty I(\lambda)\,\bar g(\lambda)\,d\lambda</math>
:<math>B= \int_0^\infty I(\lambda)\,\bar b(\lambda)\,d\lambda</math>
 
Observe that these are linear in <math>I</math>; the functions <math>\bar r(\lambda), \bar g(\lambda), \bar b(\lambda)</math> are the [[color matching function]]s with respect to the chosen primaries.
 
== See also ==
 
* [[Color space]]
* [[CIE 1931 color space]]
 
== References ==
 
{{reflist}}
 
[[Category:Color]]
[[Category:Visual system]]

Revision as of 17:26, 6 December 2013

Template:One source

In optics, Grassmann's law is an empirical result about human color perception: that chromatic sensation can be described in terms of an effective stimulus consisting of linear combinations of different light colors. It was discovered by Hermann Grassmann.

Statement

Grassman expressed his law with respect to a circular arrangement of spectral colors in this 1853 illustration.[1]

An early statement of law, attributed to Grassmann, is:[2]

Benefits of Living in a Rental or Landed property in Singapore Property New Launches & Undertaking Showcase In Singapore Many residential Singapore property gross sales contain shopping for property in Singapore at new launches. These are often properties below development, being sold new by developers. New Launch Singapore Property, 28 Imperial Residences Coming To Geylang Lorong 26 The property market is slowing down, in accordance with personal property transactions in Could Cellular Apps FREE Signal Up Log in Property Agents Feedback

Banks usually engage skilled valuers to conduct valuations of properties. The valuers are required to abide by industry requirements and guidelines for property valuation prescribed by the Singapore Institute of Surveyors and Valuers. With Singapore conserving its greenery and with town sky view being the attraction to many, it is no wonder that increasingly condos are being developed on the island. Many future traders are placing extra value on units with a view than these with out one. Thus, this may be one of the reasons too as to why your unit of selection is either with a view or with out. How to Spot Abroad Property Scams (at Propwise.sg) New Condominium Eco Sanctuary Launch 01Dec 2012 Coming Quickly !!! New launch rental COCO Palm at Pasir Ris

Association charges has to be paid by each condominium proprietor, weather you are dwelling in it or not, or even in case you have rented the property. So, whether you employ the amenities and amenities at the condominium, you'll any how must pay for them. JOHOR BAHARU, Jan 22 (Bernama) — The property market in Johor Baharu and Iskandar Malaysia has been negatively affected by the cooling measures introduced by the authorities to address rising property prices, says the Actual Property and Housing Developers' Association of Malaysia (Rehda). District 18, 99 years LH Executive Apartment District 25, ninety nine years LH Executive Rental District 19, ninety nine years LH Government Apartment pipelines. Property homeowners haven't any different but to pay up. There's no different sensible Hottest Launch D'Leedon

Dr Victor Lee is a surgeon gazetted to carry out multi-organ transplant surgical procedure. He underwent his fellowship coaching in transplant surgery on the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, United Kingdom in 2008 and 2009. He is presently a consultant surgeon at the Singapore Normal Hospital, and visiting guide to the National College Hospital. His scientific interest and skills are in the areas of transplant surgery, hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery and laparoscopic surgical procedure.

Lush Acres Government Condominium goes to launch quickly at Sengkang West Method By Metropolis Developments Limited. Lush Acres reflects the large expense of house, environmentally-inexperienced constructing and plush panorama of this low density development with solely 22% of website protection. There have been students, retirees and property agents napping, snacking and taking part in cards within the queue to kill time. Such a scene made passers-by wonder if the gang really consisted of genuine consumers, or just part-timers being paid to fake how sizzling the new undertaking was. The model was filed in Switzerland in October 2009 with a model r egistration dated March 25, 2010 A deposit was also recorded in France at the INPI (National Institute of Intellectual Property) Coastal commercial spaceports

Individuals all wish to be seen having the identical foresight because the specialists in property investment or the massive names in their own fields. Thus the discharge of these tales works to motivate other patrons to follow go well with. Bartley Ridge is the hottest new launch in district 13. Irresistible pricing from $1,1xx psf. Bartley Ridge is a ninety nine-yr leasehold new condo at Mount Vernon highway, excellent subsequent to Bartley MRT station (CC12). If you wish to get more Rehda Johor chairman Koh Moo Hing stated potential property patrons within the two areas at the moment are adopting a wait-and-see angle. How can I get the ebrochure and flooring plans of the new launch initiatives ? The Current Mortgage to your HDB District thirteen, Freehold condominium District 11, Freehold Cluster landed house Sea Horizon EC @ Pasir Ris

The simplest way is to contact a real estate agent who's a Advertising Workforce Member The agent will doubtless meet to show you details of the undertaking supplied by the developer. Attending a preview doesn't suggest you are obliged to purchase a unit. You can select not to and your cheque will likely be returned to you. No cost concerned. Your cheque will likely be returned to you in the event you decide to not proceed to purchase. Early hen low cost (up to 10%) at the preview earlier than the official launch. The purpose of that is to stimulate demand and to create a buying house in singapore momentum. As soon as this function is achieved, the developer would then take away the low cost so as to maximize his profitability. 2/3/4 bedrooms units obtainable ! GREATEST PURCHASE NOW !!! AVG $1900psf The Key Commercial Cluster in the North Area

Modern interpretation

If a test color is the combination of two other colors, then in a matching experiment based on mixing primary light colors, an observer's matching value of each primary will be the sum of the matching values for each of the other test colors when viewed separately.

In other words, if beam 1 and 2 are the initial colors, and the observer chooses as the strengths of the primaries that match beam 1 and as the strengths of the primaries that match beam 2, then if the two beams were combined, the matching values will be the sums of the components. Precisely, they will be , where:

Grassmann's law can be expressed in general form by stating that for a given color with a spectral power distribution the RGB coordinates are given by:

Observe that these are linear in ; the functions are the color matching functions with respect to the chosen primaries.

See also

References

43 year old Petroleum Engineer Harry from Deep River, usually spends time with hobbies and interests like renting movies, property developers in singapore new condominium and vehicle racing. Constantly enjoys going to destinations like Camino Real de Tierra Adentro.

  1. 20 year-old Real Estate Agent Rusty from Saint-Paul, has hobbies and interests which includes monopoly, property developers in singapore and poker. Will soon undertake a contiki trip that may include going to the Lower Valley of the Omo.

    My blog: http://www.primaboinca.com/view_profile.php?userid=5889534
  2. 20 year-old Real Estate Agent Rusty from Saint-Paul, has hobbies and interests which includes monopoly, property developers in singapore and poker. Will soon undertake a contiki trip that may include going to the Lower Valley of the Omo.

    My blog: http://www.primaboinca.com/view_profile.php?userid=5889534