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In [[set theory]], '''Martin's maximum''', introduced by {{harvtxt|Foreman|Magidor|Shelah|1988}},  is a generalization of the [[proper forcing axiom]], which is in turn a generalization of [[Martin's axiom]].


Martin's maximum (MM) states that if ''D'' is a collection of <math>\aleph_1</math> dense subsets of a notion of forcing that preserves stationary subsets of ω<sub>1</sub>, then there is a ''D''-generic filter. It is a well known fact that forcing with a ccc notion of forcing preserves stationary subsets of ω<sub>1</sub>, thus MM extends MA(<math>\aleph_1</math>). If (''P'',≤) is not a stationary set preserving notion of forcing, i.e., there is a stationary subset of ω<sub>1</sub>, which becomes nonstationary when forcing with (''P'',≤), then there is a collection ''D'' of <math>\aleph_1</math> dense subsets of (''P'',≤), such that there is no ''D''-generic filter. This is why MM is called the maximal extension of Martin's axiom.


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The existence of a [[supercompact cardinal]] implies the consistency of Martin's maximum. The proof uses [[Saharon Shelah|Shelah]]'s theories of semiproper forcing and iteration with revised countable supports.  
 
MM implies that the value of the [[cardinality of the continuum|continuum]] is <math>\aleph_2</math> and that the ideal of [[stationary set|nonstationary sets]] on ω<sub>1</sub> is <math>\aleph_2</math>-saturated. It further implies stationary reflection, i.e., if ''S'' is a stationary subset of some regular cardinal κ≥ω<sub>2</sub> and every element of ''S'' has countable cofinality, then there is an ordinal α<κ such that ''S''∩α is stationary in α. In fact, ''S'' contains a closed subset of order type ω<sub>1</sub>.
 
==References==
*{{citation
|last=Foreman|first= M.|last2=Magidor|first2= M.|last3= Shelah|first3= S.
|title=Martin's maximum, saturated ideals, and nonregular ultrafilters. I.
|journal=Ann. Of Math. |volume= 127 |year=1988|issue= 1|pages= 1–47
|doi=10.2307/1971415|publisher=The Annals of Mathematics, Vol. 127, No. 1|jstor=1971415
|mr=0924672}} [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-486X%28198905%292%3A129%3A3%3C651%3ACT%22MSI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-3 correction]
*{{Citation | last1=Jech | first1=Thomas | author1-link=Thomas Jech | title=Set Theory: Millennium Edition | publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] | location=Berlin, New York | series=Springer Monographs in Mathematics | isbn=978-3-540-44085-7 | year=2003}}
 
[[Category:Forcing (mathematics)]]
{{settheory-stub}}

Latest revision as of 20:35, 9 April 2013

In set theory, Martin's maximum, introduced by Template:Harvtxt, is a generalization of the proper forcing axiom, which is in turn a generalization of Martin's axiom.

Martin's maximum (MM) states that if D is a collection of 1 dense subsets of a notion of forcing that preserves stationary subsets of ω1, then there is a D-generic filter. It is a well known fact that forcing with a ccc notion of forcing preserves stationary subsets of ω1, thus MM extends MA(1). If (P,≤) is not a stationary set preserving notion of forcing, i.e., there is a stationary subset of ω1, which becomes nonstationary when forcing with (P,≤), then there is a collection D of 1 dense subsets of (P,≤), such that there is no D-generic filter. This is why MM is called the maximal extension of Martin's axiom.

The existence of a supercompact cardinal implies the consistency of Martin's maximum. The proof uses Shelah's theories of semiproper forcing and iteration with revised countable supports.

MM implies that the value of the continuum is 2 and that the ideal of nonstationary sets on ω1 is 2-saturated. It further implies stationary reflection, i.e., if S is a stationary subset of some regular cardinal κ≥ω2 and every element of S has countable cofinality, then there is an ordinal α<κ such that S∩α is stationary in α. In fact, S contains a closed subset of order type ω1.

References

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