|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| The '''curtal sonnet''' is a form invented by [[Gerard Manley Hopkins]], and used in three of his poems.
| | Nice to meet you, my name is Refugia. Bookkeeping is her working day job now. Body developing is 1 of the things I love most. Her spouse and her live in Puerto Rico but she will have to move one day or another.<br><br>Feel free to surf to my weblog; [http://richlinked.com/index.php?do=/profile-32092/info/ at home std test] |
| | |
| It is an eleven-line (or, more accurately, ten-and-a-half-line) [[sonnet]], but rather than the first eleven lines of a standard sonnet it consists of precisely ¾ of the structure of a [[Petrarchan sonnet]] shrunk proportionally. The [[octave (poetry)|octave]] of a sonnet becomes a [[sestet]] and the sestet a [[quatrain]] plus an additional "tail piece." That is, the first eight lines of a sonnet are translated into the first six lines of a curtal sonnet and the last six lines of a sonnet are translated into the last four and a half lines of a curtal sonnet. Hopkins describes the last line as half a line, though in fact it can be shorter than half of one of Hopkins's standard [[sprung rhythm]] lines. In the preface to his ''Poems'' (1876-89), Hopkins describes the relationship between the Petrarchan and curtal sonnets mathematically; if the Petrarchan sonnet can be described by the equation 8+6=14 then, he says, the curtal sonnet would be:
| |
| :<math>{12\over2}+{9\over2}={21\over2}=10{1\over2}</math>.<ref>Hopkins, Gerard Manley. ''The Poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins,'' 4th edition. Ed. W.H. Gardner and N.H. Mackenzie. Oxford UP, 1967.</ref>
| |
| | |
| Hopkins's only examples of the form are "[[Pied Beauty]]," "Peace," and "Ash Boughs." "Pied Beauty" is as follows, showing the proportional relation to the Petrarchan sonnet (not included in the original: the only indication of the form is in the preface). Accents indicate stressed syllables:
| |
| {|
| |
| |
| |
| :Glory be to God for dappled things—
| |
| ::For skies of couple-colour as a brinded cow;
| |
| :::For rose-moles all in stipple upon trout that swim; | |
| :Fresh-firecoal chestnut-falls; finches' wings;
| |
| ::Landscape plotted and pieced—fold, fallow, and plough;
| |
| :::And áll trádes, their gear and tackle and trim.
| |
| |
| |
| <math>{12\over2}=6</math>
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| :All things counter, original, spare, strange;
| |
| ::Whatever is fickle, freckled (who knows how?)
| |
| :::With swift, slow; sweet, sour; adazzle, dim;
| |
| :He fathers-forth whose beauty is past change:
| |
| :::::::Praise him.
| |
| |
| |
| <math>{9\over2}=4{1\over2}</math>
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| Hopkins's account of the form comes from the preface to his ''Poems'' (1876-89). [[Literary criticism|Critics]] are generally in agreement that the curtal sonnet does not so much constitute a new form as an interpretation of sonnet form as Hopkins believed it to be; as Elisabeth Schneider argues, the curtal sonnet reveals Hopkins's intense interest in the mathematical proportions of all sonnets.<ref>Elisabeth W. Schneider, "The Wreck of the Deutschland: A New Reading," ''PMLA,'' Vol. 81, No. 1. (Mar., 1966), pp. 110-122.</ref> For an in-depth treatment of all three poems, see Lois Pitchford.<ref>Pitchford, "The Curtal Sonnets of Gerard Manley Hopkins." ''Modern Language Notes,'' Vol. 67, No. 3. (Mar., 1952), pp. 165-169.</ref> The form has been used occasionally since, but primarily as a novelty, in contrast to Hopkins's quite serious use.
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| *[[Caudate sonnet]]
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| <references/>
| |
| | |
| [[Category:Sonnet studies]]
| |
| | |
| [[ja:ソネット#カータル・ソネット]]
| |
Nice to meet you, my name is Refugia. Bookkeeping is her working day job now. Body developing is 1 of the things I love most. Her spouse and her live in Puerto Rico but she will have to move one day or another.
Feel free to surf to my weblog; at home std test