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| {{Earthquakes}}
| | One the simplest way to building an online persona can be always to make numerous videos. When trying to establish yourself online, excess weight and fat people to trust you when searching purchasing your products or services.<br><br> |
| The '''Mercalli intensity scale''' is a [[seismic scale]] used for measuring the intensity of an [[earthquake]]. It measures the ''effects'' of an earthquake, and is distinct from the [[moment magnitude]] <math>M_w</math> usually reported for an earthquake (sometimes misreported as the [[Richter magnitude]]), which is a measure of the ''energy'' released. The intensity of an earthquake is not totally determined by its magnitude.
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| The scale quantifies the effects of an earthquake on the Earth's surface, humans, objects of nature, and man-made structures on a scale from I (not felt) to XII (total destruction).<ref name="comparison">{{cite web|title=Magnitude / Intensity Comparison|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/topics/mag_vs_int.php|publisher=[[USGS]]}}</ref><ref name="abag">{{cite web|title=Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale|url=http://www.abag.ca.gov/bayarea/eqmaps/doc/mmi.html|publisher=[[Association of Bay Area Governments]] (ABAG)}}</ref> Values depend upon the distance to the earthquake, with the highest intensities being around the [[epicenter|epicentral]] area. Data gathered from people who have experienced the quake are used to determine an intensity value for their location. The Mercalli (Intensity) scale originated with the widely used simple ten-degree [[Rossi-Forel scale]] which was revised by Italian volcanologist, [[Giuseppe Mercalli]] in 1884 and 1906.
| | <br><br>WHY should i care? Best way to stay way to explain Social Media actuality that it's like attending a networking incident. If you don't go, the attendees won't likely know about you never mind get to love you or trust you, which would be 3 precursors to sales.<br><br>HOW do people use it to generate sales? Obtaining prospects to Know, Like and Trust you, once they are for you to buy they'll choose you instead of your competition.<br><br>What free information? Free information as a general short video series on Reverse Mortgages, a free report, a zero cost DVD, a totally free audio CD, or downloadable MP3. Anything tangible deliver the results. Eliminate FREE CONSULTATION within the vocabulary and also offline. Everyone gives a zero cost consultation, this particular really is not an attention grabber.<br><br>Job seekers are engaged with competition. I hear slideshow lot when i speak with candidates about networking for some other job seekers: "But are they not my races?" Of course, you could always meet someone else who definitely for likely to position as you, but with the regarding virtual networks for job seekers, I think it is rather safe bet that you will need to meet candidates from all backgrounds and industries. Many unemployed professionals only appearance to people involving their field for support, but that's a big mistake. People know people from all walks of life. If you want in IT, don't be shy about meeting track of another job hunter in promoting and marketing. Maybe that person is married to someone with strong IT connections or has contacts for the reason arena from past employment experiences.<br><br>You additionally want to check out personal development groups. Discover your most serious people engaging inside them. You definitely want to befriend these people as well as associated with other groups and actually build relationships with them.<br><br>Get creative when seeking to find cheap MLM prospective customers. Think about all numerous ways functions then include a twist. Maybe have fun e-mail signature that piques people's curiosity. Take out an ad in a newsletter. Correct busy gathering those leads to!<br><br>For more info in regards to [http://www.mavsocial.com/ Social Media Management Software] review our internet site. |
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| In 1902 the ten-degree Mercalli scale was expanded to twelve degrees by Italian physicist Adolfo Cancani. It was later completely re-written by the German geophysicist August Heinrich Sieberg and became known as the '''Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg''' (MCS) scale.
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| The Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg scale was later modified and published in English by [[Harry O. Wood]] and Frank Neumann in 1931 as the '''Mercalli-Wood-Neumann''' (MWN) scale. It was later improved by [[Charles Richter]], the father of the [[Richter magnitude scale]].
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| The scale is known today as the '''Modified Mercalli scale''' (MM) or '''Modified Mercalli Intensity scale''' (MMI).
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| ==Modified Mercalli Intensity scale==
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| The lower degrees of the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale generally deal with the manner in which the earthquake is felt by people. The higher numbers of the scale are based on observed structural damage.
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| The small table is a rough guide to the degrees of the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale.<ref name="comparison" /><ref name="abag" /> The colors and descriptive names shown here differ from those used on certain shake maps in other articles.
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| The large table gives Modified Mercalli scale intensities that are typically observed at locations near the epicenter of the earthquake.<ref name="comparison" />
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| The correlation between magnitude and intensity is far from total, depending upon several factors including the depth of the earthquake, terrain, population density, and damage. For example, on May 19, 2011, an earthquake of magnitude 0.7 in [[Central California|Central California, United States]] 4 km deep was classified as of intensity III by the [[United States Geological Survey]] (USGS) over {{convert|100|mi|km}} away from the epicenter (and II intensity almost {{convert|300|mi|km}} from the epicenter), while a 4.5 magnitude quake in [[Salta]], Argentina 164 km deep was of intensity I.<ref>[http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/dyfi/ USGS: Did you feel it? for 20 May 2011]</ref>
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| {| cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3" style="width:20%; border:1px solid gray; background:#eee; margin:0 auto 0 auto; float:left;"
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| ! style="text-align:left" |Magnitude
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| | '''Typical Maximum<br />Modified Mercalli Intensity'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |Under 2.0
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| | '''I'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |2.0 – 2.9
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| | '''I – <span style="background:#bfccff;">II</span>'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |3.0 – 3.9
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| | '''<span style="background:#bfccff;">II</span> – <span style="background:#8ff;">IV</span>'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |4.0 – 4.9
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| | '''<span style="background:#8ff;">IV</span> – <span style="background:#ff0;">VI</span>'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |5.0 – 5.9
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| | '''<span style="background:#ff0;">VI</span> – <span style="background:#ff9100;">VIII</span>'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |6.0 – 6.9
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| | '''<span style="background:#fd0;">VII</span> – <span style="background:#d00;">X</span>'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |7.0 – 7.9
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| | '''<span style="background:#ff9100;">VIII</span>''' or higher</span>'''
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| ! style="text-align:left" |8.0 or higher
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| | '''<span style="background:#f00;">IX</span>''' or higher</span>'''
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| |}
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| {{-}}
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| {| style="width:70%; border:1px solid gray; background:#eee; margin:0 auto 0 auto;" cellspacing="8" cellpadding="5"
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| ! style="width:180px;text-align:left" | <span id="Instrumental"><big><big>I. Instrumental</big></big></span>
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| | Generally not felt by people unless in favorable conditions.
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| ! style="background:#bfccff;text-align:left" | <span id="Weak"><big><big>II. Weak</big></big></span>
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| | Felt only by a couple people that are sensitive, especially on the upper floors of buildings. Delicately suspended objects (including chandeliers) may swing slightly.
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| ! style="background:#99f;text-align:left" | <span id="Slight"><big><big>III. Slight</big></big></span>
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| | Felt quite noticeably by people indoors, especially on the upper floors of buildings. Many do not recognize it as an earthquake. Standing automobiles may rock slightly. Vibration similar to the passing of a truck. Duration can be estimated. Indoor objects (including chandeliers) may shake.
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| ! style="background:#8ff;text-align:left" | <span id="Moderate"><big><big>IV. Moderate</big></big></span>
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| | Felt indoors by many to all people, and outdoors by few people. Some awakened. Dishes, windows, and doors disturbed, and walls make cracking sounds. Chandeliers and indoor objects shake noticeably. The sensation is more like a heavy truck striking building. Standing automobiles rock noticeably. Dishes and windows rattle alarmingly. Damage none.
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| ! style="background:#7df894;text-align:left" | <span id="Rather Strong"><big><big>V. Rather Strong</big></big></span>
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| |Felt inside by most or all, and outside. Dishes and windows may break and bells will ring. Vibrations are more like a large train passing close to a house. Possible slight damage to buildings. Liquids may spill out of glasses or open containers. None to a few people are frightened and run outdoors.
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| ! style="background:#ff0;text-align:left" | <span id="Strong"><big><big>VI. Strong</big></big></span>
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| | Felt by everyone, outside or inside; many frightened and run outdoors, walk unsteadily. Windows, dishes, glassware broken; books fall off shelves; some heavy furniture moved or overturned; a few instances of fallen plaster. Damage slight to moderate to poorly designed buildings, all others receive none to slight damage.
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| ! style="background:#fd0;text-align:left" | <span id="Very Strong"><big><big>VII. Very Strong</big></big></span>
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| | Difficult to stand. Furniture broken. Damage light in building of good design and construction; slight to moderate in ordinarily built structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some chimneys broken or heavily damaged. Noticed by people driving automobiles.
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| ! style="background:#ff9100;text-align:left" | <span id="Destructive"><big><big>VIII. Destructive</big></big></span>
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| | Damage slight in structures of good design, considerable in normal buildings with a possible partial collapse. Damage great in poorly built structures. Brick buildings easily receive moderate to extremely heavy damage. Possible fall of chimneys, factory stacks, columns, monuments, walls, etc. Heavy furniture moved.
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| ! style="background:#f00;text-align:left" | <span style="color:white;" id="Violent"><big><big>IX. Violent</big></big></span>
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| | General panic. Damage slight to moderate (possibly heavy) in well-designed structures. Well-designed structures thrown out of plumb. Damage moderate to great in substantial buildings, with a possible partial collapse. Some buildings may be shifted off foundations. Walls can fall down or collapse.
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| ! style="background:#d00;text-align:left" | <span style="color: white; font-size: large;" id="Intense">X. Intense</span>
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| | Many well-built structures destroyed, collapsed, or moderately to severely damaged. Most other structures destroyed, possibly shifted off foundation. Large landslides.
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| ! style="background:#800;text-align:left" | <span style="color: white; font-size: large;" id="Extreme">XI. Extreme</span>
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| | Few, if any structures remain standing. Numerous landslides, cracks and deformation of the ground.
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| ! style="background:#400;text-align:left" | <span style="color: white; font-size: large;" id="Catastrophic">XII. Catastrophic</span>
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| | Total destruction – everything is destroyed. Lines of sight and level distorted. Objects thrown into the air. The ground moves in waves or ripples. Large amounts of rock move position. Landscape altered, or leveled by several meters. Even the routes of rivers can be changed.
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| === Correlation with physical quantities ===
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| The Mercalli scale is not defined in terms of more rigorous, objectively quantifiable measurements such as shake amplitude, shake frequency, peak velocity, or [[peak ground acceleration|peak acceleration]]. Human perceived shaking and building damages are best correlated with peak acceleration for lower-intensity events, and with peak velocity for higher-intensity events.<ref>{{cite web|title=ShakeMap Scientific Background|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/shakemap/background.php|publisher=[[USGS]]}}</ref>
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| === Comparison to the moment magnitude scale ===
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| The effects of any one earthquake can vary greatly from place to place, so there may be many Mercalli intensity values measured for the same earthquake. These values can be best displayed using a contoured map. Each earthquake, on the other hand, has only one magnitude.
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| == Historical analysis ==
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| {| class="wikitable sortable"
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| ! Earthquake !! Death Toll !! Moment Magnitude !! Mercalli intensity
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| | [[1920 Haiyuan earthquake]] || 235,502 || 7.8<ref>[http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/most_destructive.php. "Most Destructive Known Earthquakes on Record in the World". Earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2011-10-26.]</ref>–8.5<ref>[http://www.nxnet.cn/shouye/zktj/shxb/200805/t20080515_215065.htm "10 Greatest Earthquakes in China in 20th Century" (in Chinese). Ningxia Daily website. 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2008-06-02.]</ref> || XII
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| | [[1976 Tangshan earthquake]] || 242,769-650,000<ref> Heaven Cracks, Earth Shakes: The Tangshan Earthquake and the Death of Mao's China. By James Palmer. (New York, NY: Basic Books, 2012). p. 236
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| </ref>
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| || 7.8–8.2 || XI<ref name="bcs.whfreeman.com">{{cite web|title=World Earthquakes – Tangshan, China, 1976 |url=http://bcs.whfreeman.com/earthquakes/content/cat_490/bt00eh05.htm#Tangshan,%20China,%201976|accessdate=2011-03-09}}</ref>
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| | [[2008 Sichuan earthquake]] || 69,195 || 7.9<ref>[http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/us2008ryan.php "Magnitude 7.9 - EASTERN SICHUAN, CHINA". Earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2012-11-21]</ref> || XI
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| | [[1556 Shaanxi earthquake]] || 830,000 || 7.9–8.0 || XI
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| | [[1960 Valdivia earthquake]] || 2,230–6,000 || 9.5 || XI<ref>{{cite web|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/events/1960_05_22_articles.php |title=Historic Earthquakes |publisher=Earthquake.usgs.gov |date= |accessdate=2014-01-11}}</ref>
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| | [[1908 Messina earthquake]] || 150,000–200,000 || 7.2 || XI
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| | [[1964 Alaska earthquake|1964 Good Friday/Anchorage/Alaska earthquake]] || 143. Totals include tsunami. || 9.2 || XI
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| | [[Great Hanshin earthquake|1995 Kobe/Great Hanshin earthquake]] || 6,434 || 6.8–7.3 || X–XI<ref name="bcs.whfreeman.com"/>
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| | [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]] || 3,425 || 7.8 || X
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| | [[1755 Cape Ann Earthquake|1755 Boston/Massachusetts/New England earthquake]] || 0 || 5.9–6.3 || VIII
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| | [[1977 Vrancea earthquake]] || 1,578 || 7.2 || X–XI
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| | [[2010 Canterbury earthquake]] || 0 || 7.1 || X
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| | [[2010 Haiti earthquake]] || 316,000 || 7.0 || X
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| | [[1980 Irpinia earthquake]] || 2,914 || 6.5 || X
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| | [[2011 Van earthquake]] || 432 || 7.2 || X
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| | [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami]] || 230,000–280,000. Totals included tsunami. || 9.1–9.3 || IX<ref>{{cite web|url=http://geology.about.com/od/historicearthquakes/a/aasumatra.htm |title=The Sumatra Earthquake of 26 December 2004 |publisher=Geology.about.com |date=2004-12-26 |accessdate=2014-01-11}}</ref>
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| | [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami|2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami]] || 18,500. Totals include tsunami. || 9.0 || IX<ref>{{cite web|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/pager/events/us/c0001xgp/index.html |title=PAGER - M 9.0 - NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN |publisher=Earthquake.usgs.gov |date= |accessdate=2014-01-11}}</ref>
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| | [[1994 Northridge earthquake|1994 Northridge/Los Angeles earthquake]] || 60 || 6.7 || IX
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| | [[2011 Christchurch earthquake]] || 182 || 6.3 || IX<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geonet.org.nz/earthquake/historic-earthquakes/top-nz/quake-14.html |title=Earthquake - Earthquake |publisher=GeoNet |date=2013-07-22 |accessdate=2014-01-11}}</ref>
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| == See also ==
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| * [[Seismic scale|Other seismic scales]]
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| * [[Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale]]
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| * [[Hayward Fault Zone]] for seismic shake maps using the Modified Mercalli scale
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| * [[Isoseismal map]]
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| * [[Strong ground motion]]
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| * [[Spectral acceleration]]
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| * [[Rohn Emergency Scale]] for measuring the magnitude (intensity) of any emergency
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| == References ==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| == External links ==
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| * [http://neic.usgs.gov National Earthquake Information Center (U.S.)]
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| * [http://elearning.niu.edu/simulations/images/S_portfolio/Mercalli/Mercalli_Scale.swf Mercalli Scale Simulator], Northern Illinois University
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| * [http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/class/100/mercalli.html John N. Louie], Associate Professor of Seismology at the University of Nevada
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| {{Seismic scales}}
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| [[Category:Seismic scales]]
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HOW do people use it to generate sales? Obtaining prospects to Know, Like and Trust you, once they are for you to buy they'll choose you instead of your competition.
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