Møller–Plesset perturbation theory: Difference between revisions

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In [[fluid dynamics]], the '''Graetz number''' ('''Gz''') is a [[dimensionless number]] that characterizes [[laminar flow]] in a conduit. The number is defined as:<ref>Nellis, G., and Klein, S. (2009) "Heat Transfer" (Cambridge), page 663.</ref>
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:<math>\mathrm{Gz} = {D_H \over L} \mathrm{Re}\, \mathrm{Pr}</math>
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where
 
: ''D<sub>H</sub>'' is the diameter in round tubes or [[hydraulic diameter]] in arbitrary cross-section ducts
: ''L'' is the length
: Re is the [[Reynolds number]] and
: Pr is the [[Prandtl number]].
 
This number is useful in determining the thermally developing flow entrance length in ducts. A Graetz number of approximately 1000 or less is the point at which flow would be considered thermally fully developed.<ref>Shah, R. K., and Sekulic, D. P. (2003) "Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design" (John Wiley and Sons), page 503.</ref> 
 
When used in connection with mass transfer the Prandtl number is replaced by the [[Schmidt number]], Sc, which expresses the ratio of the momentum diffusivity to the mass diffusivity.
 
:<math>\mathrm{Gz} = {D_H \over L} \mathrm{Re}\, \mathrm{Sc}</math>
 
The quantity is named after the physicist [[Leo Graetz]].
 
== References ==
<references/>
 
{{NonDimFluMech}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Graetz Number}}
[[Category:Dimensionless numbers of fluid mechanics]]
[[Category:Fluid dynamics]]

Latest revision as of 16:22, 5 December 2014

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