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The '''Umov effect''', also known as '''Umov's law''', is a relationship between the [[albedo]] of an astronomical object, and the degree of [[polarization (waves)|polarization]] of light reflecting off it. The effect was discovered by the [[Russia]]n physicist [[Nikolay Umov]] in 1905,<ref>{{cite journal|author=N. Umov|title=Chromatische depolarisation durch Lichtzerstreuung|journal=Physik. Z.|volume=6|pages=674–676|year=1905|url= }}</ref> and can be observed for celestial objects such as the surface of the [[Moon]] and the [[asteroid]]s.
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The ''degree of linear polarization'' of light ''P'' is defined by
 
:<math> P = \frac{I_\perp - I_\|}{I_\perp + I_\|}\ ,</math>
 
where <math>I_\perp</math> and <math>I_\|</math> are the intensities of light in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the plane of a [[polarizer]] aligned in the plane of reflection. Values of ''P'' are zero for unpolarized light, and ±1 for linearly polarized light.
 
Umov's law states
 
:<math>P \propto \frac{1}{\alpha}\ ,</math>
 
where α is the albedo of the object. Thus, highly reflective objects tend to reflect mostly unpolarized light, and dimly reflective objects tend to reflect polarized light. The law is only valid for large [[phase angle (astronomy)|phase angle]]s  (angles between the incident light and the reflected light).
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
[[Category:Observational astronomy]]
[[Category:Planetary science]]

Latest revision as of 21:01, 12 December 2014

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