Manganese peroxidase: Difference between revisions

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{{enzyme
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| Name = protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase
| EC_number = 1.13.11.3
| CAS_number = 9029-47-4
| IUBMB_EC_number = 1/13/11/3
| GO_code = 0018578
| image =
| width =
| caption =
}}
In [[enzymology]], a '''protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase''' ({{EC number|1.13.11.3}}) is an [[enzyme]] that [[catalysis|catalyzes]] the [[chemical reaction]]
 
:[[protocatechuic acid|3,4-dihydroxybenzoate]] + O<sub>2</sub> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate
 
Thus, the two [[substrate (biochemistry)|substrates]] of this enzyme are 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate ([[protocatechuic acid]]) and [[oxygen|O<sub>2</sub>]], whereas its [[product (chemistry)|product]] is [[3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate]].
 
This enzyme belongs to the family of [[oxidoreductase]]s, specifically those acting on single donors with O<sub>2</sub> as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases).  The systematic name of this enzyme class is '''protocatechuate:oxygen 3,4-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)'''. Other names in common use include '''protocatechuate oxygenase''', '''protocatechuic acid oxidase''', '''protocatechuic 3,4-dioxygenase''', and '''protocatechuic 3,4-oxygenase'''. This enzyme participates in [[benzoate degradation via hydroxylation]] and [[2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation]]. It employs one [[cofactor (biochemistry)|cofactor]], [[iron]].
 
This enzyme has been found effective at improving organic fluorophore-stability in single-molecule experiments.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Aitken CE, Marshall RA and Puglisi JD | year = 2008 | title = An Oxygen Scavenging System for Improvement of Dye Stability in Single-Molecule Fluorescence Experiments | journal = Biophys. J. | volume = 94 | pages = 1826&ndash;1835 | doi = 10.1529/biophysj.107.117689 | pmid = 17921203 | issue = 5 | pmc = 2242739 }}</ref>
 
== Structural studies ==
 
As of late 2007, 37 [[tertiary structure|structures]] have been solved for this class of enzymes, with [[Protein Data Bank|PDB]] accession codes {{PDB link|1EO2}}, {{PDB link|1EO9}}, {{PDB link|1EOA}}, {{PDB link|1EOB}}, {{PDB link|1EOC}}, {{PDB link|1YKK}}, {{PDB link|1YKL}}, {{PDB link|1YKM}}, {{PDB link|1YKN}}, {{PDB link|1YKO}}, {{PDB link|1YKP}}, {{PDB link|2BUM}}, {{PDB link|2BUQ}}, {{PDB link|2BUR}}, {{PDB link|2BUT}}, {{PDB link|2BUU}}, {{PDB link|2BUV}}, {{PDB link|2BUW}}, {{PDB link|2BUX}}, {{PDB link|2BUY}}, {{PDB link|2BUZ}}, {{PDB link|2BV0}}, {{PDB link|2PCD}}, {{PDB link|3PCA}}, {{PDB link|3PCB}}, {{PDB link|3PCC}}, {{PDB link|3PCD}}, {{PDB link|3PCE}}, {{PDB link|3PCF}}, {{PDB link|3PCG}}, {{PDB link|3PCH}}, {{PDB link|3PCI}}, {{PDB link|3PCJ}}, {{PDB link|3PCK}}, {{PDB link|3PCL}}, {{PDB link|3PCM}}, and {{PDB link|3PCN}}.
 
== See also ==
* [[Protocatechuic acid]]
 
== References ==
{{reflist|1}}
* {{cite journal | author = Fujisawa H, Hayaishi O | year = 1968 | title = Protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase. I. Crystallization and characterization | journal = J. Biol. Chem.  | volume = 243 | pages = 2673&ndash;81  | pmid = 4967959 | issue = 10 }}
* {{cite journal | author = GROSS SR, GAFFORD RD, TATUM EL | year = 1956 | title = The metabolism of protocatechuic acid by Neurospora | journal = J. Biol. Chem.  | volume = 219 | pages = 781&ndash;96  | pmid = 13319299 | issue = 2 }}
* {{cite journal | author = Stanier RY and Ingraham JL | year = 1954 | title = Protocatechuic acid oxidase | journal = J. Biol. Chem.  | volume = 210 | pages = 799&ndash;820 | pmid=13211618 | issue=2}}
 
[[Category:EC 1.13.11]]
[[Category:Iron enzymes]]
[[Category:Enzymes of known structure]]
[[Category:Natural phenols metabolism]]
 
{{1.13-enzyme-stub}}

Revision as of 09:15, 7 February 2014

Colour Ribbons Ltd is a UK based supplier focused on bringing forward a wide variety of ribbons and bows to all of the interested buyers. The company is a professional and reputable one, having a large experience in delivering products of this sort and shipping them to a large number of regions. As a dedicated wholesale ribbon supplier, Colour Ribbons Ltd is also focused on offering high quality items and ensuring that their variety and level of differentiation is optimal. The company is well organized, operates fast and strives to reach the full satisfaction of its customers, regardless if they are individual ones or businesses who need to order in bulk. Furthermore, Colour Ribbons Ltd is a great source of rosette ribbon hanks and bows or ribbons made from sophisticated materials, such as satin or organza. To further assist clients and all of the interested customers, the firm has also implemented an official online platform in an attempt to create a strong Internet presence and offer more information regarding its history, activity, methods of payment and ordering details. For more details and inquiries, anyone is free to contact, Colour Ribbons Ltd directly.

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As for the European shoppers serviced by the UK stock facilities, the least amount which they need to pay is 150 Euros per order, plus 14 Euros per box. However, Colour Ribbons Ltd is happy to inform that any order which exceeds the amount of 400 Euros will be considered carriage free. The delivery times are often very low and everything which can be found in the UK stocks will be at its destination shortly, as the dispatch dates are lower than three days at all times. The products on display on the company’s official website are diverse, but examples include bespoke ribbons and bows, Christmas Collections, Cut Lengths & Barbs, Everyday Collections, Spring Collections and numerous types of wrapping accessories, such as Animal prints, Check patterns, Florist themed ribbons, printed ones, rosettes and many more. The see the full lists of available patterns as well as the sizes and types of materials used, please consult the official website at Colour-ribbons.co.uk.

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