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{{Semireg polyhedra db|Semireg polyhedron stat table|nCO}}
In [[geometry]], the '''snub cube''', or '''snub cuboctahedron''', is an [[Archimedean solid]] with 38 faces: 6 [[square (geometry)|square]]s and 32 [[equilateral triangle]]s. It has 60 [[edge (geometry)|edges]] and 24 [[vertex (geometry)|vertices]]. It is a [[chirality (mathematics)|chiral]] polyhedron, that is, it has two distinct forms, which are [[mirror image]]s (or "[[Chirality (mathematics)|enantiomorphs]]") of each other. The only other chiral Archimedean solid is the [[snub dodecahedron]].


==Dimensions==
For a snub cube with edge length 1, its surface area is <math>\scriptstyle{6+8\sqrt{3}}</math> and its volume is <math>\sqrt{\tfrac{613t+203}{9(35t-62)}}</math>, where ''t'' is the [[Generalizations of Fibonacci numbers|tribonacci constant]] <math>\tfrac{1}{3}\scriptstyle{\left(1+\sqrt[3]{19-3\sqrt{33}}+\sqrt[3]{19+3\sqrt{33}}\right) \approx 1.83929}</math>.


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If the original snub cube has edge length 1, its dual [[pentagonal icositetrahedron]] has side lengths <math>\tfrac{1}{\sqrt{t+1}} \scriptstyle{\approx 0.593465}</math> and <math>\tfrac{1}{2}\scriptstyle{\sqrt{t+1} \approx 0.842509}</math>.
 
==Cartesian coordinates==
[[Cartesian coordinates]] for the [[vertex (geometry)|vertices]] of a snub cube are all the [[even permutation]]s of
:(±1, ±ξ, ±1/ξ)
 
with an even number of plus signs, along with all the [[odd permutation]]s with an odd number of plus signs, where ξ is the real solution to
:<math>\xi^3+\xi^2+\xi=1, \,</math>
 
which can be written
:<math>\xi = \frac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt[3]{17+3\sqrt{33}} - \sqrt[3]{-17+3\sqrt{33}} - 1\right)</math>
 
or approximately 0.543689. ξ is the reciprocal of the [[Generalizations of Fibonacci numbers|tribonacci constant]]. Taking the even permutations with an odd number of plus signs, and the odd permutations with an even number of plus signs, gives a different snub cube, the mirror image.
 
This snub cube has edges of length α, a number which satisfies the equation
:<math>\alpha^6-4\alpha^4+16\alpha^2-32=0, \,</math>
 
and can be written as
:<math>\alpha = \sqrt{\frac{4}{3}-\frac{32}{6\sqrt[3]{2}\beta}+\frac{6\sqrt[3]{2}\beta}{9}}\approx1.60972</math>
:<math>\beta = \sqrt[3]{13+3\sqrt{33}}</math>
 
For a snub cube with unit edge length, use all the even permutations of
:<math>(\pm C_1,\pm C_2,\pm C_3)</math>
having an even number of plus signs, along with all the odd permutations having an odd number of plus signs.
:<math>C_1=\sqrt{\frac{4 - c_1 + c_2}{12}}\approx 0.337754</math>
:<math>C_2=\sqrt{\frac{2 + c_1 - c_2}{12}}\approx 0.621226</math>
:<math>C_3=\sqrt{\frac{4 + c_3 + c_4}{12}}\approx 1.14261</math>
:<math>c_1=\sqrt[3]{3\sqrt{33}+17}</math>
:<math>c_2=\sqrt[3]{3\sqrt{33}-17}</math>
:<math>c_3=\sqrt[3]{199+3\sqrt{33}}</math>
:<math>c_4=\sqrt[3]{199-3\sqrt{33}}</math>
 
==Orthogonal projections==
The ''snub cube'' has two special [[orthogonal projection]]s, centered, on two types of faces: triangles, and squares, correspond to the A<sub>2</sub> and B<sub>2</sub> [[Coxeter plane]]s.
{|class=wikitable width=500
|+ Orthogonal projections
|-
!Centered by
!Face<br>Triangle
!Face<br>Square
!Edge
|-
!Image
|[[Image:Snub cube_A2.png|160px]]
|[[Image:Snub cube_B2.png|160px]]
|[[Image:Snub cube_e1.png|160px]]
|- align=center
!Projective<BR>symmetry
|[3]<sup>+</sup>
|[4]<sup>+</sup>
|[2]
|}
 
==Geometric relations==
The snub cube can be generated by taking the six faces of the cube, [[Expansion (geometry)|pulling them outward]] so they no longer touch, then giving them each a small rotation on their centers (all clockwise or all counter-clockwise) until the spaces between can be filled with [[equilateral triangle]]s.
{|class="wikitable"
|align=center|[[Image:Hexahedron.png|120px]]<br>Cube
|align=center|[[Image:Small rhombicuboctahedron.png|120px]]<br>[[Rhombicuboctahedron]]<br>(''Expanded cube'')
|align=center|[[Image:Snub hexahedron.png|120px]]<br>Snub cube
|}
 
It can also be constructed as an [[Alternation (geometry)|alternation]] of a nonuniform [[truncated cuboctahedron|omnitruncated cube]], deleting every other vertex and creating new triangles at the deleted vertices. A properly proportioned ([[Uniform polyhedron|nonuniform]]) great rhombicuboctahedron will create equilateral triangles at the deleted vertices. Depending on which set of vertices are alternated, the resulting snub cube can have a clockwise or counterclockwise twist.
:[[Image:Snubcubes in grCO.svg|425px]]
 
A "improved" snub cube, with a slightly smaller square face and slightly larger triangular faces compared to Archimedes' uniform snub cube, is useful as a [[spherical design]].<ref>[http://neisloane.com/sphdesigns/ "Spherical Designs"] by R.H. Hardin and [[Neil Sloane|N.J.A. Sloane]]</ref>
 
==Related polyhedra and tilings==
The snub cube is one of a family of uniform polyhedra related to the cube and regular octahedron.
 
{{Octahedral truncations}}
 
This semiregular polyhedron is a member of a sequence of [[Snub (geometry)|snubbed]] polyhedra and tilings with vertex figure (3.3.3.3.''n'') and [[Coxeter–Dynkin diagram]] {{CDD|node_h|n|node_h|3|node_h}}. These figures and their duals have (n32) rotational [[Orbifold notation|symmetry]], being in the Euclidean plane for n=6, and hyperbolic plane for any higher n. The series can be considered to begin with n=2, with one set of faces degenerated into [[digon]]s.
 
{{Snub table}}
 
The ''snub cube'' is second in a series of snub polyhedra and tilings with [[vertex figure]] 3.3.4.3.''n''.
{{Snub4 table}}
 
==See also==
*[[Truncated cube]]
*[[Snub square tiling]]
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite journal |last=Jayatilake |first=Udaya |title=Calculations on face and vertex regular polyhedra |journal=Mathematical Gazette |date=March 2005 |volume=89 |issue=514 |pages=76–81}}
*{{The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure (book)}} (Section 3-9)
*{{cite book|author=Cromwell, P.|year=1997|title=Polyhedra|location=United Kingdom|publisher=Cambridge|pages=79-86 ''Archimedean solids''|isbn=0-521-55432-2}}
 
==External links==
*{{mathworld2 |urlname=SnubCube |title=Snub cube |urlname2=ArchimedeanSolid |title2=Archimedean solid}}
*{{KlitzingPolytopes|polyhedra.htm|3D convex uniform polyhedra|s3s4s - snic}}
*[http://www.mathconsult.ch/showroom/unipoly/ The Uniform Polyhedra]
*[http://www.georgehart.com/virtual-polyhedra/vp.html Virtual Reality Polyhedra] The Encyclopedia of Polyhedra
*[http://www.dr-mikes-math-games-for-kids.com/polyhedral-nets.html?net=KPFQTjUF59q9qFlmEqGmbfyT4Ykrpg7vn7pPKHBbttGwDk2Z6dABBNQuTy7b46U3TTtKxWPq6lgrdE2qYMNpS5ceb5Ie9K4gQt25UcMlwmW6OKK3HtK2QvnmOLGTZFLfHD7hM4GN1modJYJ5PjowXOUDwYnjnCRQFA0vsrVIwFkFiIy7Pi9foWycmqdJAnWMMpuCxwRrcdA49hnAjViEzr&name=Snub+Cube#applet Editable printable net of a Snub Cube with interactive 3D view]
 
{{Archimedean solids}}
{{Polyhedron navigator}}
 
[[Category:Chiral polyhedra]]
[[Category:Uniform polyhedra]]
[[Category:Archimedean solids]]

Revision as of 09:11, 7 January 2014

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Feel free to surf to my site - online psychic; mouse click for source, In geometry, the snub cube, or snub cuboctahedron, is an Archimedean solid with 38 faces: 6 squares and 32 equilateral triangles. It has 60 edges and 24 vertices. It is a chiral polyhedron, that is, it has two distinct forms, which are mirror images (or "enantiomorphs") of each other. The only other chiral Archimedean solid is the snub dodecahedron.

Dimensions

For a snub cube with edge length 1, its surface area is and its volume is , where t is the tribonacci constant .

If the original snub cube has edge length 1, its dual pentagonal icositetrahedron has side lengths and .

Cartesian coordinates

Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a snub cube are all the even permutations of

(±1, ±ξ, ±1/ξ)

with an even number of plus signs, along with all the odd permutations with an odd number of plus signs, where ξ is the real solution to

which can be written

or approximately 0.543689. ξ is the reciprocal of the tribonacci constant. Taking the even permutations with an odd number of plus signs, and the odd permutations with an even number of plus signs, gives a different snub cube, the mirror image.

This snub cube has edges of length α, a number which satisfies the equation

and can be written as

For a snub cube with unit edge length, use all the even permutations of

having an even number of plus signs, along with all the odd permutations having an odd number of plus signs.

Orthogonal projections

The snub cube has two special orthogonal projections, centered, on two types of faces: triangles, and squares, correspond to the A2 and B2 Coxeter planes.

Orthogonal projections
Centered by Face
Triangle
Face
Square
Edge
Image
Projective
symmetry
[3]+ [4]+ [2]

Geometric relations

The snub cube can be generated by taking the six faces of the cube, pulling them outward so they no longer touch, then giving them each a small rotation on their centers (all clockwise or all counter-clockwise) until the spaces between can be filled with equilateral triangles.


Cube

Rhombicuboctahedron
(Expanded cube)

Snub cube

It can also be constructed as an alternation of a nonuniform omnitruncated cube, deleting every other vertex and creating new triangles at the deleted vertices. A properly proportioned (nonuniform) great rhombicuboctahedron will create equilateral triangles at the deleted vertices. Depending on which set of vertices are alternated, the resulting snub cube can have a clockwise or counterclockwise twist.

A "improved" snub cube, with a slightly smaller square face and slightly larger triangular faces compared to Archimedes' uniform snub cube, is useful as a spherical design.[1]

Related polyhedra and tilings

The snub cube is one of a family of uniform polyhedra related to the cube and regular octahedron.

Template:Octahedral truncations

This semiregular polyhedron is a member of a sequence of snubbed polyhedra and tilings with vertex figure (3.3.3.3.n) and Coxeter–Dynkin diagram Template:CDD. These figures and their duals have (n32) rotational symmetry, being in the Euclidean plane for n=6, and hyperbolic plane for any higher n. The series can be considered to begin with n=2, with one set of faces degenerated into digons.

Template:Snub table

The snub cube is second in a series of snub polyhedra and tilings with vertex figure 3.3.4.3.n. Template:Snub4 table

See also

References

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External links

Template:Archimedean solids Template:Polyhedron navigator