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'''Karel Lambert''' (born 1928) is a [[philosophy|philosopher]] and [[logic]]ian at the [[University of California, Irvine]] and the [[University of Salzburg]]. He has written extensively on the subject of [[free logic]], a term which he coined.<ref>{{Cite journal
  | last = Lambert
  | first = Karel
  | authorlink = Karel Lambert
  | title = The Definition of E! in Free Logic
  | journal =  Abstracts: The International Congress for Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science
  | publisher = Stanford University Press
  | location = Palo Alto, CA
  | year = 1960}}</ref>


==Lambert's Law==
Lambert's Law is the major principle in any free definite description theory that says: For all x, x = the y (A) if and only if (A(x/y) & for all y (if A then y = x)). Free logic itself is an adjustment of a given standard [[predicate logic]] such as to relieve it of existential assumptions, and so make it a free logic. Taking [[Bertrand Russell]]'s predicate logic in his ''Principia Mathematica'' as standard, one replaces universal instantiation, <math>\forall x \,\phi x \rightarrow \phi y</math>, with universal specification <math>(\forall x \,\phi x \and E!y \,\phi y) \rightarrow \phi z</math>. Thus universal statements, like "All men are mortal," or "Everything is a unicorn," do not presuppose that there are men or that there is anything.  These would be symbolized, with the appropriate predicates, as <math>\forall x\,(Mx \rightarrow Lx)</math> and <math>\forall x\, Ux</math>, which in ''Principia Mathematica'' entail <math>\exists x\,(Mx \and Lx)</math> and <math>\exists x\,Ux</math>, but not in free logic.  The truth of these last statements, when used in a free logic, depend on the [[Domain of discourse|domain of quantification]], which may be the null set.


==Published works==
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* ''Philosophical Applications of Free Logic'' "A Theory of Definite Descriptions" (1991) details an account of Russell's Theory of Descriptions in free logic. In the process, he demonstrates how a formulation from Hintikka allows for a contradiction by a correlate in logic to Russell's Paradox. He introduces the predicate <math>(\lambda x)(\phi x \and \neg \phi x)</math>
 
==External links==
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20071222170016/www.flogik.com/home.htm Official Personal Page at Internet Archive]
 
==References==
<references/>
 
{{Authority control|VIAF=108460828}}
 
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME              = Lambert, Karel
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH    = 1928
| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
| DATE OF DEATH    =
| PLACE OF DEATH    =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lambert, Karel}}
[[Category:1928 births]]
[[Category:Logicians]]
[[Category:21st-century philosophers]]
[[Category:University of Salzburg faculty]]
[[Category:University of California, Irvine faculty]]
[[Category:Living people]]
 
 
{{US-philosopher-stub}}

Revision as of 00:53, 5 March 2014


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