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In [[mathematics]], '''persymmetric matrix''' may refer to: | |||
# a [[square matrix]] which is symmetric in the northeast-to-southwest diagonal; or | |||
# a square matrix such that the values on each line perpendicular to the main diagonal are the same for a given line. | |||
The first definition is the most common in the recent literature. The designation "[[Hankel matrix]]" is often used for matrices satisfying the property in the second definition. | |||
== Definition 1 == | |||
Let ''A'' = (''a''<sub>''i''''j''</sub>) be an ''n'' × ''n'' matrix. The first definition of ''persymmetric'' requires that | |||
:<math> a_{ij} = a_{n-j+1,n-i+1} </math> for all ''i'', ''j''.<ref>{{citation | first1=Gene H. | last1=Golub | author1-link=Gene H. Golub | first2=Charles F. | last2=Van Loan | author2-link=Charles F. Van Loan | year=1996 | title=Matrix Computations | edition=3rd | publisher=Johns Hopkins | place=Baltimore | isbn=978-0-8018-5414-9}}. See page 193.</ref> | |||
For example, 5-by-5 persymmetric matrices are of the form | |||
:<math> A = \begin{bmatrix} | |||
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} & a_{14} & a_{15} \\ | |||
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} & a_{24} & a_{14} \\ | |||
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} & a_{23} & a_{13} \\ | |||
a_{41} & a_{42} & a_{32} & a_{22} & a_{12} \\ | |||
a_{51} & a_{41} & a_{31} & a_{21} & a_{11} | |||
\end{bmatrix}. </math> | |||
This can be equivalently expressed as ''AJ = JA''<sup>T</sup> where ''J'' is the [[exchange matrix]]. | |||
A [[symmetric matrix]] is a matrix whose values are symmetric in the northwest-to-southeast diagonal. If a symmetric matrix is rotated by 90°, it becomes a persymmetric matrix. Symmetric persymmetric matrices are sometimes called [[bisymmetric matrix|bisymmetric matrices]]. | |||
== Definition 2 == | |||
{{details|Hankel matrix}} | |||
The second definition is due to [[Thomas Muir (mathematician)|Thomas Muir]].<ref name="muir">{{Citation|last=Muir|first=Thomas|title=Treatise on the Theory of Determinants|page= 419|publisher= Dover Press|year= 1960}}</ref> It says that the square matrix ''A'' = (''a''<sub>''ij''</sub>) is persymmetric if ''a''<sub>''ij''</sub> depends only on ''i'' + ''j''. Persymmetric matrices in this sense, or Hankel matrices as they are often called, are of the form | |||
:<math> A = \begin{bmatrix} | |||
r_1 & r_2 & r_3 & \cdots & r_n \\ | |||
r_2 & r_3 & r_4 & \cdots & r_{n+1} \\ | |||
r_3 & r_4 & r_5 & \cdots & r_{n+2} \\ | |||
\vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ | |||
r_n & r_{n+1} & r_{n+2} & \cdots & r_{2n-1} | |||
\end{bmatrix}. | |||
</math> | |||
A '''persymmetric determinant''' is the [[determinant]] of a persymmetric matrix.<ref name="muir"/> | |||
A matrix for which the values on each line parallel to the main diagonal are constant, is called a [[Toeplitz matrix]]. | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Determinants]] | |||
[[Category:Matrices]] |
Revision as of 23:42, 23 September 2013
In mathematics, persymmetric matrix may refer to:
- a square matrix which is symmetric in the northeast-to-southwest diagonal; or
- a square matrix such that the values on each line perpendicular to the main diagonal are the same for a given line.
The first definition is the most common in the recent literature. The designation "Hankel matrix" is often used for matrices satisfying the property in the second definition.
Definition 1
Let A = (aij) be an n × n matrix. The first definition of persymmetric requires that
- for all i, j.[1]
For example, 5-by-5 persymmetric matrices are of the form
This can be equivalently expressed as AJ = JAT where J is the exchange matrix.
A symmetric matrix is a matrix whose values are symmetric in the northwest-to-southeast diagonal. If a symmetric matrix is rotated by 90°, it becomes a persymmetric matrix. Symmetric persymmetric matrices are sometimes called bisymmetric matrices.
Definition 2
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The second definition is due to Thomas Muir.[2] It says that the square matrix A = (aij) is persymmetric if aij depends only on i + j. Persymmetric matrices in this sense, or Hankel matrices as they are often called, are of the form
A persymmetric determinant is the determinant of a persymmetric matrix.[2]
A matrix for which the values on each line parallel to the main diagonal are constant, is called a Toeplitz matrix.
References
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In case you are in search of an actual estate or Singapore property agent on-line, you simply should belief your intuition. It's because you do not know which agent is nice and which agent will not be. Carry out research on several brokers by looking out the internet. As soon as if you end up positive that a selected agent is dependable and reliable, you can choose to utilize his partnerise in finding you a home in Singapore. Most of the time, a property agent is taken into account to be good if he or she locations the contact data on his website. This may mean that the agent does not mind you calling them and asking them any questions relating to new properties in singapore in Singapore. After chatting with them you too can see them in their office after taking an appointment.
Have handed an trade examination i.e Widespread Examination for House Brokers (CEHA) or Actual Property Agency (REA) examination, or equal; Exclusive brokers are extra keen to share listing information thus making certain the widest doable coverage inside the real estate community via Multiple Listings and Networking. Accepting a severe provide is simpler since your agent is totally conscious of all advertising activity related with your property. This reduces your having to check with a number of agents for some other offers. Price control is easily achieved. Paint work in good restore-discuss with your Property Marketing consultant if main works are still to be done. Softening in residential property prices proceed, led by 2.8 per cent decline within the index for Remainder of Central Region
Once you place down the one per cent choice price to carry down a non-public property, it's important to accept its situation as it is whenever you move in – faulty air-con, choked rest room and all. Get round this by asking your agent to incorporate a ultimate inspection clause within the possibility-to-buy letter. HDB flat patrons routinely take pleasure in this security net. "There's a ultimate inspection of the property two days before the completion of all HDB transactions. If the air-con is defective, you can request the seller to repair it," says Kelvin.
15.6.1 As the agent is an intermediary, generally, as soon as the principal and third party are introduced right into a contractual relationship, the agent drops out of the image, subject to any problems with remuneration or indemnification that he could have against the principal, and extra exceptionally, against the third occasion. Generally, agents are entitled to be indemnified for all liabilities reasonably incurred within the execution of the brokers´ authority.
To achieve the very best outcomes, you must be always updated on market situations, including past transaction information and reliable projections. You could review and examine comparable homes that are currently available in the market, especially these which have been sold or not bought up to now six months. You'll be able to see a pattern of such report by clicking here It's essential to defend yourself in opposition to unscrupulous patrons. They are often very skilled in using highly unethical and manipulative techniques to try and lure you into a lure. That you must also protect your self, your loved ones, and personal belongings as you'll be serving many strangers in your home. Sign a listing itemizing of all of the objects provided by the proprietor, together with their situation. HSR Prime Recruiter 2010