Correlation attack: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:11, 6 January 2014

Template:Otheruses In the field of heat transfer, intensity of radiation $I$ is a measure of the distribution of radiant heat flux per unit area and solid angle, in a particular direction, defined according to

d q = I d ω \cos θ d A

where

$d A$ is the infinitesimal source area
$d q$ is the outgoing heat transfer from the area $d A$
$d ω$ is the solid angle subtended by the infinitesimal 'target' (or 'aperture') area $d A_{a}$
$θ$ is the angle between the source area normal vector and the line-of-sight between the source and the target areas.

Typical units of intensity are W·m^-2·sr^-1.

Intensity can sometimes be called radiance, especially in other fields of study.

The emissive power of a surface can be determined by integrating the intensity of emitted radiation over a hemisphere surrounding the surface:

q = \int_{ϕ = 0}^{2 π} \int_{θ = 0}^{π / 2} I \cos θ \sin θ d θ d ϕ

For diffuse emitters, the emitted radiation intensity is the same in all directions, with the result that

E = π I

The factor $π$ (which really should have the units of steradians) is a result of the fact that intensity is defined to exclude the effect of reduced view factor at large values $θ$ ; note that the solid angle corresponding to a hemisphere is equal to $2 π$ steradians.

Spectral intensity $I_{λ}$ is the corresponding spectral measurement of intensity; in other words, the intensity as a function of wavelength.

References

Lienhard and Lienhard, A heat transfer textbook, 3rd Ed, 2008 (available for free online)
J P Holman, Heat Transfer 9th Ed, McGraw Hill, 2002.
F. P. Incropera and D. P. DeWitt, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 4th Ed, Wiley, 1996.

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+{{otheruses|Intensity (disambiguation)}}
+In the field of [[heat transfer]], '''intensity of radiation''' <math>I</math> is a measure of the distribution of radiant heat flux per unit area and [[solid angle]], in a particular direction, defined according to
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+:<math>dq = I\, d\omega\, \cos \theta\, dA</math>
+where
+*<math>dA</math> is the infinitesimal source area
+*<math>dq</math> is the ''outgoing'' heat transfer from the area <math>dA</math>
+*<math>d\omega</math> is the [[solid angle]] subtended by the infinitesimal 'target' (or 'aperture') area <math>dA_a</math>
+*<math>\theta</math> is the angle between the source area normal vector and the line-of-sight between the source and the target areas.
+Typical units of intensity are W·m<sup>-2</sup>·sr<sup>-1</sup>.
+Intensity can sometimes be called [[radiance]], especially in other fields of study.
+The emissive power of a surface can be determined by integrating the intensity of emitted radiation over a hemisphere surrounding the surface:
+:<math>q = \int_{\phi=0}^{2\pi} \int_{\theta=0}^{\pi/2} I \cos \theta \sin \theta d\theta d\phi</math>
+For diffuse emitters, the emitted radiation intensity is the same in all directions, with the result that
+:<math>E = \pi I</math>
+The factor <math>\pi</math> (which really should have the units of [[steradian]]s) is a result of the fact that intensity is defined to exclude the effect of reduced [[view factor]] at large values <math>\theta</math>; note that the solid angle corresponding to a hemisphere is equal to <math>2\pi</math> steradians.
+'''[[Specific radiative intensity|Spectral intensity]]''' <math>I_\lambda</math> is the corresponding spectral measurement of intensity; in other words, the intensity as a function of [[wavelength]].
+== See also ==
+* [[Non-ionising radiation]]
+* [[Emissivity]]
+== References ==
+* Lienhard and Lienhard, ''[http://web.mit.edu/lienhard/www/ahtt.html A heat transfer textbook]'', 3rd Ed, 2008 (available for free online)
+* J P Holman, '' Heat Transfer'' 9th Ed, McGraw Hill, 2002.
+* [[F. P. Incropera]] and D. P. DeWitt, ''Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer'', 4th Ed, Wiley, 1996.
+[[Category:Heat transfer]]
+[[Category:Radiation]]

Correlation attack: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:11, 6 January 2014

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