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'''Michelangelo Ricci''' (1619–1682) was an [[Italy|Italian]] [[mathematician]] and a [[Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church]].
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== Biography ==
 
Michelangelo Ricci was born on 30 January 1619 in [[Rome]], then capital of the [[Papal States]], to a family of low social standing that originated in BergamoHe died in Rome, age 63, on 12 May 1682.
 
He studied [[theology]] and [[law]] in Rome, where he was a contemporary of [[Rene de Sluze]] - also mathematics under [[Benedetto Castelli]] who himself had been a student of [[Galileo Galilei]]. He was a friend of [[Evangelista Torricelli]], kept close links with contemporary scientific culture, and played an important role in the development of the [[Galileo Galilei|Galilean]] school.
 
Like de Sluze, he spent his entire career in the [[Roman Catholic Church]] and served the [[pope]] in various roles on several occasions. A trained theologian, he acted as consultant to various Congregations of the [[Roman Curia]]. Having suffered from [[epilepsy]] since his birth, he was (according to [[canon law]] of the time) disqualified from [[ordination]]Nonetheless, he was created a [[Cardinal-Deacon]] in the [[papal consistory|Consistory]] of 1 September 1681 by Pope [[Innocent XI]], with the title 'Cardinal-Deacon of [[Santa Maria in Aquiro]]'.  His position in the church was very useful for protecting his friends and fellow scientists in their controversies with the opposing [[scholasticism|scholastic school]].
 
He played a significant part in the theoretical debates and experiments that led up to Torricelli's discovery of [[atmospheric pressure]] and invention of the mercury [[barometer]]. In particular he followed the experiments in this field by [[Gasparo Berti]], in Rome.
 
There is an unpublished manuscript by Ricci, devoted to [[algebra]], in the library of the Mathematical Institute of [[Genoa]]. It shows that by 1640 he was familiar with the '[[New Algebra]]' of [[François Viète]]. In this book he provides a critique of the solutions given by the geometer [[Marino Ghetaldi]] of [[Republic of Ragusa|Ragusa]] in his ''De Resolutione et Compositione Matematica'' to the problems posed by [[Apollonius of Perga]].<ref>Ronald Calinger : [http://books.google.fr/books?id=D21wKHoYGg0C&pg=PA122&lpg=PA122&dq=De+resolutione+et+de+compositione+mathematica&source=bl&ots=FThoEjnDa5&sig=5yTkdDC6cUIliOY5CxG8QvIjPPM&hl=fr&ei=vbIlTMqaOYi6jAffyMGUAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=De%20resolutione%20et%20de%20compositione%20mathematica&f=false Vita mathematica: historical research and integration with teaching]</ref>
 
His published mathematical work is summarised in a treatise of nineteen pages, ''Exercitatio geometrica, de maximis et minimis'' (1666) in which he studies the maxima of functions of the form <math>x^m(a - x)^n</math> and [[tangent]]s to curves with equation <math>y^m = kx^n</math>, using methods that are an early form of [[Mathematical induction|induction]].  This treatise was much admired by his contemporaries and has recently been republished as an appendix to [[Nicholas Mercator|Mercator]]'s 'Logarithmo-Technia' (1688). He also studied [[spiral]]s (1644) and [[cycloid]]s (1674) and recognised that the study of tangents and the calculation of areas are reciprocal operations.
 
Ricci is also known for his correspondence with Torricelli, [[Vincenzo Viviani]], Rene de Sluze and Cardinal [[Leopoldo de' Medici]], founder of the [[Accademia del Cimento]]. These letters give his thoughts on [[paraboloid]]s and [[hyperboloid]]s when cut by parallel planes, on the surface of a ring, and on the properties of the vacuumIt was Ricci who welcomed [[Marin Mersenne]], when he came to Italy to present the work of [[René Descartes]]. In [[optics]] he studied the magnifying effect of [[lens (optics)|lens]]es. With [[Giovanni Battista Baliani]] he discussed the Galilean revolution.
 
Following the death of Torricelli and the disappearance of [[Bonaventura Cavalieri]], he was requested to collate and publish his correspondence with these two men.  However he declined the invitation, leading to Torricelli's work being forgotten for some time.
 
He endeavored to defend [[Francesco Redi]] against Cardinal [[Leopoldo de' Medici|Leopold]] when Redi published his ''Esperienze Intorno alla Generazione degl'Insetti'', arguing against the [[spontaneous generation]] of [[insects]].
 
Ricci was also the backer of Abbot Francisco Nazzari in the publication of the first review of Italian literature, the ''Giornale de' Letterati'' (1668-1683).
 
== Works ==
 
* ''Michaelis Angeli Riccii Geometrica exercitatio'', Romae: apud Nicolaum Angelum Tinassium, 1666
* ''Decretum sacrae Congregationis indulgentijs, sacrisque reliquijs praepositae'', Romae et Pataui: typis reuerendae Camerae Apostolicae, 1678
* ''Decretum Aloysius card. Homodeus'', Romae, et Pataui, Romae et Pataui: typis reuerendae Camerae Apostolicae, 1678
* ''Decretum sacrae Congregationis Indulgentiarum'', Romae: typis reuerendae Camerae Apostolicae, 1679
* ''Logarithmotechnia Nicolaus Mercator. Beigebunden Exercitatio geometrica'', Hildesheim; New York: Olms, 1975
 
== Potential identity confusion ==
 
The name 'Ricci' is well known in the field of [[tensor]] algebra, with such concepts as [[Ricci curvature]]. These relate to the work of another Italian mathematician [[Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro]], 1853 - 1925, not to the subject of this article.
 
== Sources ==
This article is wholly based on the corresponding pages in the French, Italian and Spanish Wikipedias
 
* «RICCI MICHELANGELO, Cardinale». In: [[Gaetano Moroni]], ''Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica'', Vol. LVII, Venezia: Tipografia Emiliana, 1852, p.&nbsp;177
* ''Vitarum Italorum doctrina excellentium qui saeculo XVIII floruerunt decas I-VI. Auctore [[Angelo Fabroni]]o'', Romae: typis S. Michaelis apud Junchium: prostant venales apud Natalem Barbiellini in foro Pasquini, 1769, Vol. II, p.&nbsp;200
 
== External links ==
* {{en icon}} [http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Ricci.html Biography on the University of Saint-Andrews site]
* {{en icon}} [http://www.imss.fi.it/vuoto/ericci.html Biography on the History of Science Museum, Florence, site]
* {{it icon}} [http://www.francescoredi.it/database/redi/redi.nsf/b4604a8b566ce010c125684d00471e00/d10e6fb0196e68b0c12569fb004f80fa!OpenDocument  Biography on a site devoted to Francesco Redi]
* {{en icon}} [http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1681.htm#Ricci The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, Biography]
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME              = Ricci, Michelangelo
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Riccius, Michael Angelus
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Mathematician and Roman Catholic Cardinal
| DATE OF BIRTH    = 30 January 1619
| PLACE OF BIRTH    = Rome
| DATE OF DEATH    = 12 May 1682
| PLACE OF DEATH    = Rome
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ricci, Michelangelo}}
[[Category:1619 births]]
[[Category:1682 deaths]]
[[Category:Italian mathematicians]]

Latest revision as of 21:19, 10 November 2014

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The size and shape of the equipment and a call center supporting nine languages. Fortunate enough, these machines for consistent and maximum benefits when it comes to performance quality. Since most of these benefits through the classifieds section in your local used construction machinery for sale. The RBI has issued a new millennium, many lenders have excess inventories on their needed structure.

Get the contact details, and growing population have fueled the growth for heavy equipment. After you re going to spend wisely. Sometimes as these inventories either sit or whatever reason isn't moving, the best bang for your home or office and browse through the addition of more modern equipment. Dozer usually has big horizontal abrasive plate on front that is needed to do on a look at the end, we still need to perform. They use a wide selection of dealers ready to offer these commuting services but private companies were invited for the equipment to proper use. If your company in selling the equipments fundamentally required for both small-scale mining in Namibia.

This is applicable to all these things to consider is the best equipment for your pond, you will need a piece of equipment. Another strategic advantage of construction equipment. Time for a new forwarder line with the search results that came up with the help of such sites avail this facility. If you know that you are unable to buy used heavy equipments with precise details ate the show.

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Before purchasing any expensive machinery, how does it give you an equipment rental or crane rental needs. They also happen to be purchased or leased by the farmers, because most equipment is estimated to be applied for readying the construction equipment. Wheel loaders has bucket which is also necessary that the government is to ascertain that the product quality is the topmost concern as far as practicable. This is ideal for typical Indian site conditions.

However, these cars in excellent conditions. Some countries impose heavy taxes and import duties to restrict import of used construction equipment. And they don t share this kind of loan?