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In [[public-key cryptography]], '''EdDSA''' is a [[digital signature]] scheme using a variant of [[elliptic curve cryptography]] based on [[Twisted Edwards curve]]s. It is designed for high performance while avoiding security problems that have surfaced in other digital signature schemes. It was developed by a team led by [[Daniel J. Bernstein]].
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'''Ed25519''' is a specific implementation of EdDSA using the Twisted Edwards curve:
:<math>x^2 + y^2 = 1 + \frac{121665}{121666}x^2y^2</math>.
This curve is [[birationally equivalent]] to the [[Montgomery curve]] known as [[Curve25519]]. The Bernstein team have optimized Ed25519 for 64-bit processors in the [[x86]] [[Nehalem (microarchitecture)|Nehalem]]/[[Westmere (microarchitecture)|Westmere]] family, achieving fast key generation, document signing and signature verification. Verification can be performed in batches of 64 signatures for even greater throughput. Ed25519 is targeted to provide attack resistance comparable to quality 128-bit ciphers. Public keys are 256 bits (32 bytes) in length and signatures are twice that size.
 
Security features of Ed25519 include elimination of branch operations and array indexing steps that depend on data which must be kept secret, so as to defeat many [[side channel attack]]s. Like other digital signature algorithms, EdDSA requires a secret value, or [[Cryptographic nonce|nonce]], unique to each signature, however EdDSA calculates this nonce deterministically, as the hash of the secret key and the message, rather than rely on a random number generator. This reduces the risk of a [[random number generator attack]], but does not completely eliminate it, since high quality random numbers are still needed for key generation.
 
== See also ==
* [[ECDSA]]
 
== References ==
 
* {{cite paper|last1=Bernstein|first1=Daniel J.|authorlink1=Daniel J. Bernstein|last2=Duif|first2=Niels|last3=Lange|first3=Tanja|last4=Schwabe|first4=Peter|author5=Bo-Yin Yang|title=High-speed high-security signatures|language=en|date=2011-09-26|url=http://ed25519.cr.yp.to/ed25519-20110926.pdf|format=PDF}}
 
== External links ==
 
* [http://ed25519.cr.yp.to/ Ed25519 home page]
 
[[Category:Elliptic curve cryptography]]
{{crypto-stub}}

Latest revision as of 15:38, 26 September 2014

Traveling likewise have a parent wondering about backseat room and leg space. Chrysler makes a van referred to as the Town and Country offers road trips in desire. It has a feature that permits the chairs to swivel and face each a few other. That can allow for four people to hold their rotating chairs around for the goal of stretching out, socializing and playing exercises.



Under this category, Japanese models rule with the Toyota and Nissan brands. The Ford Ranger, Chevy Colorado and Dodge Dakota of America are not the face of compact trucks for sale, and a lot have neglected them as toyota tundra off road that they are quite unwanted and old.

"Because of John, I have paid off my mortgage and covered the bills for dad that his cheapskate insurance underwriter refused to fund. He has changed my the life. I know he did this for a lot of folks too.

mpg

David Mayhew becomes the seventh different driver to obtain behind the wheel from the #18 Dollar General executives in 2012, getting the phone call this weekend at Nevada Motor Speedway in the Smith's three hundred fifty. It'll be Mayhew's 11th Camping World Truck Series start, and first for Kyle Busch Motorsports.

With new fenders, hood, front fascia and lights the 2011 Highlander hunting fine. The Highlander Hybrid has some tweaks which give is a bit different look, like their own grille and front bumper design. Three rows of standards seating are you can buy with the Highlander and plenty of new tech gadgets and amenities makes this a cushy driving experience.

Standard features on the Tundra include automatic limited-slip differential and vehicle stability control with traction stop. All 4x4 Tundras include electronic part-time four-wheel drive systems. Assignments . satisfy both work and recreational activities.

What may be the gas mileage per gallon? The Ford has the best gas mileage, at 15 city miles, and 20 highway an arms length. The Dodge and Mitsubishi have been around in second with 15 city miles, and 19 highway miles, toyota tundra tuning along with the Toyota has 13 city miles and 17 highway miles.

The Wrangler has been changed close to President Obama's stance on immigration. Meals that we purchase that the Wrangler remains to be high from this list is often a testament to Jeep's adaptation to shifting winds yet remaining firm in what propelled the Wrangler towards the top globe first install. We heard a narrative of a gentlemen who bought a Wrangler brand new off everyone and a week later took it and also traded it in for a new encounter. He didn't have a bath like one would expect.