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{{Semireg polyhedra db|Semireg polyhedron stat table|tD}}
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In [[geometry]], the '''truncated dodecahedron''' is an [[Archimedean solid]]. It has 12 regular [[decagon]]al faces, 20 regular [[triangular]] faces, 60 vertices and 90 edges.
__TOC__
 
==Geometric relations==
This [[polyhedron]] can be formed from a [[dodecahedron]] by [[Truncation (geometry)|truncating]] (cutting off) the corners so the [[pentagon]] faces become [[decagon]]s and the corners become [[triangle]]s.
 
It is used in the [[cell-transitive]] hyperbolic space-filling tessellation, the [[Bitruncation#Self-dual .7Bp,q,p.7D polychora/honeycombs|bitruncated icosahedral honeycomb]].
 
==Area and volume==
The area ''A'' and the [[volume]] ''V'' of a truncated dodecahedron of edge length ''a'' are:
:<math>A = 5 \left(\sqrt{3}+6\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{5}}\right) a^2 \approx 100.99076a^2</math>
:<math>V = \frac{5}{12} \left(99+47\sqrt{5}\right) a^3 \approx 85.0396646a^3</math>
 
==Cartesian coordinates==
The following [[Cartesian coordinates]] define the vertices of a [[Truncation (geometry)|truncated]] [[dodecahedron]] with edge length 2(τ−1), centered at the origin:<ref>{{mathworld |title=Icosahedral group |urlname=IcosahedralGroup}}</ref>
:(0, ±1/τ, ±(2+τ))
:(±(2+τ), 0, ±1/τ)
:(±1/τ, ±(2+τ), 0)
:(±1/τ, ±τ, ±2τ)
:(±2τ, ±1/τ, ±τ)
:(±τ, ±2τ, ±1/τ)
:(±τ, ±2, ±τ<sup>2</sup>)
:(±τ<sup>2</sup>, ±τ, ±2)
:(±2, ±τ<sup>2</sup>, ±τ)
 
where τ = (1 + √5) / 2 is the [[golden ratio]] (also written φ).
 
==Orthogonal projections==
The ''truncated dodecahedron'' has five special [[orthogonal projection]]s, centered, on a vertex, on two types of edges, and two types of faces: hexagonal and pentagonal. The last two correspond to the A<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> [[Coxeter plane]]s.
{|class=wikitable
|+ Orthogonal projections
|-
!Centered by
!Vertex
!Edge<br>3-10
!Edge<br>10-10
!Face<br>Triangle
!Face<br>Decagon
|-
!Image
|[[File:Dodecahedron_t01_v.png|120px]]
|[[File:Dodecahedron_t01_e3x.png|120px]]
|[[File:Dodecahedron_t01_exx.png|120px]]
|[[File:Dodecahedron_t01_A2.png|120px]]
|[[File:Dodecahedron_t01_H3.png|120px]]
|- align=center
!Projective<br>symmetry
|[2]
|[2]
|[2]
|[6]
|[10]
|}
 
== Vertex arrangement==
It shares its [[vertex arrangement]] with three [[nonconvex uniform polyhedra]]:
{|class="wikitable" width="400" style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center"
|[[Image:Truncated dodecahedron.png|100px]]<br>Truncated dodecahedron
|[[Image:Great icosicosidodecahedron.png|100px]]<br>[[Great icosicosidodecahedron]]
|[[Image:Great ditrigonal dodecicosidodecahedron.png|100px]]<br>[[Great ditrigonal dodecicosidodecahedron]]
|[[Image:Great dodecicosahedron.png|100px]]<br>[[Great dodecicosahedron]]
|}
 
== Related polyhedra and tilings ==
 
It is part of a truncation process between a dodecahedron and icosahedron:
{{Icosahedral truncations}}
 
This polyhedron is topologically related as a part of sequence of uniform [[Truncation (geometry)|truncated]] polyhedra with [[vertex configuration]]s (3.2n.2n), and [n,3] [[Coxeter group]] symmetry.
 
{{Truncated figure1 table}}
 
==See also==
*[[:Image:Truncateddodecahedron.gif|Spinning truncated dodecahedron]]
*[[Icosahedron]]
*[[Icosidodecahedron]]
*[[Truncated icosahedron]]
 
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
 
==References==
*{{The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure (book)}} (Section 3-9)
*{{cite book|author=Cromwell, P.|year=1997|title=Polyhedra|location=United Kingdom|publisher=Cambridge|pages=79-86 ''Archimedean solids''|isbn=0-521-55432-2}}
 
==External links==
*{{mathworld2 | urlname = TruncatedDodecahedron| title = Truncated dodecahedron | urlname2 = ArchimedeanSolid  | title2 =  Archimedean solid}}
*{{KlitzingPolytopes|polyhedra.htm|3D convex uniform polyhedra|o3x5x - tid}}
*[http://www.dr-mikes-math-games-for-kids.com/polyhedral-nets.html?net=1e9V3YL5nW2MMkIcdn0TdMHHhXMiuoCQGqz2g3IjH7orIJ5iBy9LQ80CKQP1GAP9MmtklgzVBcF5ZfK9LsPLcjTfCVtbQWJrpIJTarRzJGitPNEnHrk3rNm5pr6Gzui1P5MD7RwSrFu6TKzjy5qQl5PYokM9mcFWcoPivzjQxlRGa1eVpVmZl5Uv2nXTaX5RSgc2N5B3daPbsAUEsCGxrnbgMLCKvMvztIjl44GGTstwl3pC589OwhVUTHvkTzg6b4dpshGHQn4ajtxQA8chKkqzW1wKBsKuMpbqE4oCXbIi2sfEgppN1tcDBWVOJUXQfPiEglU1jtQi7fUj5xDW2PpZtdwQDmwpC3Lk&name=Truncated+Dodecahedron#applet Editable printable net of a truncated dodecahedron with interactive 3D view]
*[http://www.mathconsult.ch/showroom/unipoly/ The Uniform Polyhedra]
*[http://www.georgehart.com/virtual-polyhedra/vp.html Virtual Reality Polyhedra] The Encyclopedia of Polyhedra
 
{{Archimedean solids}}
{{Polyhedron navigator}}
 
[[Category:Uniform polyhedra]]
[[Category:Archimedean solids]]

Latest revision as of 14:08, 26 November 2014

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