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| {{for|the unrelated infinite simple groups found by Richard Thompson|Thompson groups}}
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| {{Group theory sidebar}}
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| In [[group theory]], the '''Thompson group''' ''Th'', found by {{harvs|txt |authorlink=John G. Thompson |first=John G. |last=Thompson |year=1976}} and constructed by {{harvtxt|Smith|1976}}, is a [[sporadic group|sporadic]] [[simple group]] of [[order (group theory)|order]]
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| : 2<sup>15</sup>{{·}}3<sup>10</sup>{{·}}5<sup>3</sup>{{·}}7<sup>2</sup>{{·}}13{{·}}19{{·}}31
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| : = 90745943887872000
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| : ≈ 9{{·}}10<sup>16</sup>.
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| Thompson and Smith constructed the Thompson group as the group of automorphisms of a certain lattice in the 248-dimensional Lie algebra of E<sub>8</sub>. It does not preserve the Lie bracket of this lattice, but does preserve the Lie bracket mod 3, so is a subgroup of the [[Chevalley group]] E<sub>8</sub>(3). The subgroup preserving the Lie bracket (over the integers) is a maximal subgroup of the Thompson group called the [[Dempwolff group]] (which unlike the Thompson group is a subgroup of the compact Lie group E<sub>8</sub>).
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| The centralizer of an element of order 3 of type 3C in the [[Monster group]] is a product of the Thompson group and a group of order 3, as a result of which the Thompson group acts on a [[vertex operator algebra]] over the field with 3 elements. This vertex operator algebra contains the E<sub>8</sub> Lie algebra over '''F'''<sub>3</sub>, giving the embedding of ''Th'' into E<sub>8</sub>(3).
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| The [[Schur multiplier]] and the [[outer automorphism group]] of the Thompson group are both trivial.
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| The Thompson group contains the [[Dempwolff group]] as a maximal subgroup.
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| {{harvtxt|Linton|1989}} found the 16 classes of maximal subgroups of the Thompson group, as follows:
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| *<math> 2_+^{1+8}\cdot A_9</math>,
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| *<math>2^5\cdot L_5(2)</math>,
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| *<math>(3\times G_2(3)): 2</math>,
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| *<math>(3^3\times 3_+^{1+2})\cdot 3_+^{1+2}: 2S_4</math>,
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| *<math>3^2\cdot 3^7:2S_4</math>,
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| *<math>(3\times 3^4:2\cdot A_6): 2</math>,
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| *<math>5_+^{1+2}: 4S_4</math>,
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| *<math>5^2:GL_2(5)</math>,
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| *<math>7^2:(3\times 2S_4)</math>,
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| *<math>31:15</math>,
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| *[[³D₄|<math>{}^3D_4(2): 3</math>]],
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| *<math>U_3(8): 6</math>,
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| *<math>L_2(19)</math>,
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| *<math>L_3(3)</math>,
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| *<math>M_{10}</math>,
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| *<math>S_5</math>.
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| ==References==
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| *{{Citation | last1=Linton | first1=Stephen A. | title=The maximal subgroups of the Thompson group | doi=10.1112/jlms/s2-39.1.79 | mr=989921 | year=1989 | journal=Journal of the London Mathematical Society. Second Series | issn=0024-6107 | volume=39 | issue=1 | pages=79–88}}
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| *{{Citation | last1=Smith | first1=P. E. | title=A simple subgroup of M? and E<sub>8</sub>(3) | doi=10.1112/blms/8.2.161 | mr=0409630 | year=1976 | journal=The Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society | issn=0024-6093 | volume=8 | issue=2 | pages=161–165}}
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| *{{Citation | last1=Thompson | first1=John G. | author1-link=John G. Thompson | title=A conjugacy theorem for E<sub>8</sub> | doi=10.1016/0021-8693(76)90235-0 | mr=0399193 | year=1976 | journal=[[Journal of Algebra]] | issn=0021-8693 | volume=38 | issue=2 | pages=525–530}}
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| == External links ==
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| * [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ThompsonGroup.html MathWorld: Thompson group]
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| * [http://brauer.maths.qmul.ac.uk/Atlas/v3/spor/Th/ Atlas of Finite Group Representations: Thompson group]
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| [[Category:Sporadic groups]]
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