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| {{for|scale-step in Schenkerian analysis|scale-step}}
| | Hello! <br>My name is Sadie and I'm a 30 years old girl from Husaro.<br><br>Here is my web blog [http://www.womansearch.co.uk/monewsome Reviews On Bookbyte Buyback] |
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| [[File:Scale degree names.png|thumb|right|350px|Scale degree names<ref>Benward & Saker (2003). ''Music: In Theory and Practice, Vol. I'', p.32-3. Seventh Edition. ISBN 978-0-07-294262-0. "Scale degree names: Each degree of the seven-tone diatonic scale has a name that relates to its function. The major scale and all three forms of the minor scale share these terms."</ref> (C major scale) {{audio|Diatonic scale on C.mid|Play}}).]]
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| [[File:Scale degree numbers.png|thumb|350px|Scale degree roman numerals.<ref>[[Oswald Jonas|Jonas, Oswald]] (1982). ''Introduction to the Theory of Heinrich Schenker'' (1934: ''Das Wesen des musikalischen Kunstwerks: Eine Einführung in Die Lehre Heinrich Schenkers''), p.22. Trans. John Rothgeb. ISBN 0-582-28227-6. Shown all uppercase.</ref> {{audio|Root position triads from C major scale.mid|Play}}]]
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| In [[music theory]], a '''scale degree''' is the name given to a particular [[note (music)|note]] of a [[scale (music)|scale]]<ref>Kolb, Tom (2005). ''Music Theory for Guitarists'', p.16. ISBN 0-634-06651-X.</ref> to specify its position relative to the [[Tonic (music)|tonic]] (the main note of the scale). The tonic is considered to be the first degree of the scale, from which each [[octave]] is assumed to begin.
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| Any musical scale may be thought to have degrees. However, the notion of scale degree is most commonly applied to scales in which a tonic is specified by definition, such as the 7-tone [[diatonic scale]]s (e.g. the [[Major scale|C-major scale]] C–D–E–F–G–A–B, in which C is the tonic). As for the 12-tone chromatic scale, the selection of a first degree is possible in theory, but arbitrary and not meaningful, because typically all the notes of a chromatic scale have the same importance.
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| The expression '''scale step''' is sometimes used as a synonym of scale degree, but it may also refer, perhaps more properly and less ambiguously, to the distance, or [[Interval (music)|interval]], between two successive scale degrees (see [[Steps and skips]]). Indeed, the terms [[whole step]] and [[half step]] are commonly used as interval names. The number of scale degrees and the distance between them together define a scale.
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| ==Major and minor scales==
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| {| class="wikitable" align="right" style="width: 50%"
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| ! Degree
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| ! Name
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| ! Meaning
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| ! Note (in C)
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| | 1st
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| | Tonic
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| | Tonal center, note of final resolution
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| | C
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| |-
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| | 2nd
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| | Supertonic
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| | One whole step above the tonic
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| | D
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| |-
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| | 3rd
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| | Mediant
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| | Midway between tonic and dominant
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| | E/E{{music|b}}
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| |-
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| | 4th
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| | Subdominant
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| | <!--Please DO NOT change this to saying that this degree was named for being just below the dominant; this is only something that happens to be true.--> Lower dominant, same interval below tonic dominant is above tonic
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| | F
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| |-
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| | 5th
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| | Dominant
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| | 2nd in importance to the tonic
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| | G
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| |-
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| | 6th
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| | Submediant
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| | Lower mediant, midway between tonic and subdominant
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| | A/A{{music|b}}
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| |-
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| | 7th
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| | Leading tone/Subtonic
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| | Melodically strong affinity for and leads to tonic/One whole step below tonic
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| | B/B{{music|b}}
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| | 1st (8th)
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| | Tonic
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| | Tonal center, note of final resolution
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| | C'
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| |}
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| The degrees of the traditional [[major scale|major]] and [[minor scale]]s may be identified several ways:
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| * the first, [[major second|second]], ([[major third|major]] or [[minor third|minor]]) third, [[perfect fourth|fourth]], [[perfect fifth|fifth]], [[major sixth|major]] or [[minor sixth|minor]] sixth, and [[major seventh|major]] or [[minor seventh|minor]] seventh degrees of the scale;
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| * by Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, 4 ...), sometimes with carets above them (<math>\hat 1, \hat 2, \hat 3...</math>);
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| * by [[Roman numeral analysis|Roman numerals]] (I, II, III, IV ...); and
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| * in English, by the names and [[diatonic function|function]]: [[tonic (music)|tonic]], [[supertonic]], [[mediant]], [[subdominant]], [[dominant (music)|dominant]], [[submediant]], [[leading-tone]] (leading tone in the United States) and tonic again.
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| : These names are derived from a scheme where the tonic note is the 'center'. Supertonic and subtonic are, respectively, one step above and one step below the tonic; mediant and submediant are each a third above and below the tonic, and dominant and subdominant are a fifth above and below the tonic.
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| :''Subtonic'' is used when the [[interval (music)|interval]] between it and the tonic in the upper [[octave]] is a [[whole step]]; ''[[leading note]]'' when that interval is a [[semitone|half step]].
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| * in English, by the ''[[Solfege#Movable_do_solf.C3.A8ge|"moveable Do" Solfege]]'' system, which allows a person to name each scale degree with a single syllable while singing.
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Tonality]]
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| * [[Music education]]
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| ==Sources==
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| {{reflist}}
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| {{scales}}
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| {{Degrees}}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Degree (Music)}}
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| [[Category:Scale degrees| ]]
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Hello!
My name is Sadie and I'm a 30 years old girl from Husaro.
Here is my web blog Reviews On Bookbyte Buyback