Rings of Jupiter: Difference between revisions

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{{More footnotes|date=April 2009}}
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{{One source|date=April 2009}}
'''Orbital inclination change''' is an [[orbital maneuver]] aimed at changing the [[inclination]] of an orbiting body's [[orbit]]. This maneuver is also known as an orbital plane change as the plane of the orbit is tipped. This maneuver requires a change in the orbital velocity vector ([[delta v]]) at the [[orbital nodes]] (i.e. the point where the initial and desired orbits intersect, the line of orbital nodes is defined by the intersection of the two orbital planes).
 
In general, inclination changes can take a very large amount of delta v to perform, and most mission planners try to avoid them whenever possible to conserve fuel. This is typically achieved by launching a spacecraft directly into the desired inclination, or as close to it as possible so as to minimize any inclination change required over the duration of the spacecraft life. [[Gravity assist|Planetary flybys]] are the most efficient way to achieve large inclination changes, but they are only effective for interplanetary missions.
 
== Efficiency ==
The simplest way to perform a plane change is to perform a burn around one of the two crossing points of the initial and final planes. The delta-v required is the vector change in velocity between the two planes at that point.
 
However, maximum efficiency of inclination changes are achieved at [[apoapsis]], (or [[apogee]]), where orbital velocity <math>v\,</math> is the lowest. In some cases, it can require less total delta v to raise the satellite into a higher orbit, change the orbit plane at the higher apogee, and then lower the satellite to its original altitude.<ref name=Braeunig>{{cite web |url=http://www.braeunig.us/space/orbmech.htm#maneuver |title=Basics of Space Flight: Orbital Mechanics |last=Braeunig |first=Robert A}}</ref>
 
For the most efficient example mentioned above, targeting an inclination at [[apoapsis]] also changes the [[argument of periapsis]]. However, targeting in this manner limits the mission designer to changing the plane only along the [[apse line|line of apsides]].{{citation needed|date=February 2011}}
 
== Inclination entangled with other orbital elements ==
An important subtlety of performing an inclination change is that Keplerian orbital [[inclination]] is defined by the angle between [[ecliptic]] North and the vector normal to the orbit plane, (i.e. the [[angular momentum]] vector). This means that inclination is always positive and is entangled with other [[orbital elements]] primarily the [[argument of periapsis]] which is in turn connected to the [[longitude of the ascending node]]. This can result in two very different orbits with precisely the same inclination.
 
== Calculation ==
In a pure inclination change, only the inclination of the orbit is changed while all other orbital characteristics (radius, shape, etc.) remains the same as before. [[Delta-v]] (<math>\Delta{v_i}\,</math>) required for an inclination change (<math>\Delta{i}\,</math>) can be calculated as follows:
:<math>\Delta{v_i}= {2\sin(\frac{\Delta{i}}{2})\sqrt{1-e^2}\cos(w+f)na \over {(1+e\cos(f))}}</math>
where:
*<math>e\,</math> is the [[orbital eccentricity]]
*<math>w\,</math> is the [[argument of periapsis]]
*<math>f\,</math> is the [[true anomaly]]
*<math>n\,</math> is the [[mean motion]]
*<math>a\,</math> is the [[semi-major axis]]
 
For more complicated maneuvers which may involve a combination of change in inclination and orbital radius, the amount of delta v is the vector difference between the velocity vectors of the initial orbit and the desired orbit at the transfer point.
 
== Circular orbit inclination change ==
 
Where both orbits are circular (i.e. <math>e\,</math> = 0) and have the same radius the [[Delta-v]] (<math>\Delta{v_i}\,</math>) required for an inclination change (<math>\Delta{i}\,</math>) can be calculated using:
 
:<math>\Delta{v_i}= {2v\, \sin \left(\frac{\Delta{i}}{2} \right)}</math>
Where:
*<math>v\,</math> is the [[Kinetic energy|orbital velocity]] and has the same units as <math>\Delta{v_i}</math> <ref name=Braeunig/>
 
== Other ways to change inclination ==
Some other ways to change inclination that do not require burning propellant (or help reduce the amount of propellant required) include
* aerodynamic [[Lift (force)|lift]] (for bodies with an atmosphere, such as the Earth)
* tethers
* solar sails
 
[[Gravity assist|Transits of other bodies]] such as the Moon can also be done.
 
None of these methods will change the delta-V required, they are simply alternate means of achieving the same end result that, ideally, reduce propellant usage.
 
==See also==
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
*[[Inclination]]
*[[Orbital maneuver]]
 
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
 
{{orbits}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Orbital Inclination Change}}
[[Category:Astrodynamics]]
[[Category:Orbital maneuvers]]

Latest revision as of 23:19, 3 January 2015

Msvcr71.dll is an important file which assists support Windows procedure different components of the system including important files. Specifically, the file is chosen to aid run corresponding files in the "Virtual C Runtime Library". These files are important in accessing any settings that support the different applications plus programs in the system. The msvcr71.dll file fulfills many important functions; nonetheless it's not spared from getting damaged or corrupted. Once the file gets corrupted or damaged, the computer may have a difficult time processing plus reading components of the system. Nonetheless, users require not panic considering this issue could be solved by following many procedures. And I usually show we several strategies regarding Msvcr71.dll.

So 1 day my computer suddenly started being strange. I was thus frustrated, considering my files were lost, and I cannot open the files that I required, plus then, suddenly, everything stopped working!

With the Internet, the danger to a registry is more plus windows XP error messages would appear frequently. Why? The malicious wares like viruses, Trojans, spy-wares, ad wares, plus the like gets recorded too. Cookies are best examples. We reach save passwords, plus stuff, proper? That is a simple illustration of the register functioning.

Fixing tcpip.sys blue screen is simple to do with registry repair software.Trying to fix windows blue screen error on a own can be tricky because in the event you remove or damage the registry it could cause serious damage to a computer. The registry should be cleaned plus all erroneous plus incomplete information removed to stop blue screen errors from occurring.The benefit of registry repair software is not limited to simply getting rid of the blue screen on business.You might be surprised at the greater plus more improved speed and performance of your computer system after registry cleaning is completed. Registry cleaning could really develop your computer's working abilities, specifically whenever you choose a certain registry repair software that is really powerful.

The tuneup utilities could come as standard with a back up plus restore center. This must be an effortless to apply process.That means that when you encounter a problem with the PC after utilizing a registry cleaning you are able to simply restore your settings.

Turn It Off: Chances are in the event you are like me; then you spend a great deal of time on your computer on a daily basis. Try offering the computer some time to do completely nothing; this could sound funny nevertheless in the event you have an older computer you are asking it to do too much.

Most probably if you are experiencing a slow computer it could be a couple years aged. We equally will not have been told that while we utilize the computer everyday; there are certain aspects that it requires to continue running in its best performance. We furthermore could not even own any diagnostic tools that might get your PC running like brand-new again. So do not allow that stop we from getting the system cleaned. With access to the internet you can find the tools that will help we get your system running like new again.

Next, there is an convenient method to deal with this problem. You can install a registry cleaner that there are it on the internet. This software will help we find out these errors in your computer plus clean them. It equally will figure out these malware and different threats that influence the speed of your computer. So this software will speed up PC easier. You are able to choose one of these methods to accelerate you computer.

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