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| {{distinguish|Game in hand}}
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| {{one source|date=July 2013}}
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| In [[sports]] in [[Canada]] and the [[United States]], the phrase '''games behind''' or '''games back''' (often abbreviated '''GB'''), is a common way to reflect the gap between a leading team (said to be that many '''games ahead''' or '''GA''') and another team in a sports league, conference, or division. It is determined by adding the [[absolute difference]] in wins between a leading team and the team of interest to the absolute difference in losses between the two teams, and dividing the sum by two. The leading team itself is always zero games behind. Usually this is indicated in tables by a dash rather than a zero.
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| GB is calculated using the following formula, in which TeamA is the first-place team, and TeamB is the trailing team:
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| :<math>\text{Games Behind} = \frac{(\text{Team A's wins} - \text{losses}) - (\text{Team B's wins} - \text{losses})}{2}</math>
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| For example, if the [[Cleveland Indians]] are three games behind the [[Chicago White Sox]] for first place, Cleveland would have to win three games, and Chicago would have to lose three, to tie for first. A "games behind" situation changes rapidly when two teams contesting the lead play each other since a [[zero sum game]] plays out. In this case, Cleveland would pull even with Chicago in a clean sweep of all three games.
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| It is often used in professional [[baseball]] and [[basketball]], where tie games are not permitted, and to a slightly lesser extent in [[American football]] where ties are rare (when they do occur, they are counted as half a win and half a loss when calculating GB). Usually, in [[League table|tables]] of standings in newspapers and magazines kept during the season, teams are ordered by the teams' [[winning percentage]]s, with the number of games they are behind the division leader supplementing the table. On rare occasions, it is possible (and has occurred) for the team with the second best winning percentage to lead the team with the best winning percentage in terms of games back. This usually occurs during the early portion of a season when teams have played an uneven number of games. For example, if Team A has a record of 23–13 and Team B has a record of 26–15, Team A would be recognized as having a better record by virtue of their .639 win percentage to Team B's .634 percentage. However, in the standings, Team A would still be one-half game behind Team B, though they would be ordered ahead of Team B.
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| Also, in some rare situations, also caused in the early season when teams play an odd number of games, a team with fewer wins could potentially be ahead of a team with more wins. For example, if a team is 26–15, but another team is 25–13, the team with a record of 25–13 is technically one-half game ahead of the 26–15 team, despite having fewer wins on the season.
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| The "games behind" number is sometimes made in reference to a standard "winning percentage", although in this particular context, the word "behind" is replaced by "under" or "below". In making this calculation, however, the division by two is not done. For example, a team with a record of 19 wins and 20 losses is considered as being "one game under .500", in contrast to being "one-half game behind" a team with a ".500" record of 20 wins and 20 losses.
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| ==Major League Baseball==
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| This statistic is now being calculated somewhat differently in the [[Major League Baseball]] professional baseball league. Traditionally games behind was calculated with respect to the team with the highest standing in the league (up through the [[1968 Major League Baseball season|1968 season]]), or to the team with the highest standing in the division ([[1969 Major League Baseball season|1969 season]] and later).
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| The statistic got more complicated for the [[1994 Major League Baseball season|1994 season]] Major League Baseball's two leagues split into three divisions each, and added a [[Major League Baseball Wild Card|wild card team]] to the playoffs. Following the change, it became common for the media to publish an additional set of standings for the wild card race. It included all teams from a league, with the exception of the division leaders, and games behind was calculated with respect to the team with the highest standing in the division.
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| The statistic got even more complicated in 2012 when Major League Baseball [http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20120229&content_id=26927024 added a second wild card team]. Today, games behind is shown in the media as calculated in two different ways. While games behind the team with the highest standing in the division is calculated in the traditional manner, games behind in the wild card race is calculated with respect to the team with ''second'' highest standing in the wild card race. Assuming two or more teams are not tied for first place in the wild card, this results in the team leading the wild card race shown as being so many "games ahead" of second place, usually indicated by a plus sign ("+") in the standings. Currently, both the divisional and wild card statistics are called Games Behind or GB in the media. Major League Baseball's official website distinguishes the two by abbreviating the divisional statistic and the wild card statistic as "GB" and "WCGB" respectively.
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| ==References==
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| *[http://www.baseballprospectus.com/glossary/index.php?search=gb Baseball Prospectus]
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Magic number (sports)]], number of wins needed to clinch a championship
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| [[Category:Sports terminology]]
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| [[Category:Sports records and statistics]]
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