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| {{redirect|Fresnel mirror|the optical mirror technology which is analogous to a [[Fresnel lens]]|Fresnel reflector}}
| | Hi there. Let me start by introducing the author, her title is Myrtle Cleary. He used to be unemployed but now he is a computer operator but his marketing never arrives. Doing ceramics is what adore performing. Her spouse and her live in Puerto Rico but she will have to transfer 1 working day or an additional.<br><br>Feel free to visit my blog: [http://test.ithink-now.org/content/think-f83d96d08fe71e25bf80a6cb59048a18 test.ithink-now.org] |
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| In atomic physics, a '''ridged mirror''' (or '''ridged atomic mirror''', or '''Fresnel diffraction mirror''') is a kind of [[atomic mirror]], designed for the specular reflection of neutral particles ([[atoms]]) coming at the [[grazing]] incidence angle, characterised in the following: ''in order to reduce the mean attraction of particles to the surface and increase the reflectivity, this surface has narrow ridges''.
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| <ref name="o1">{{cite journal
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| | author= F.Shimizu
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| | coauthors=J. Fujita
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| | year=2002
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| | title=Giant Quantum Reflection of Neon Atoms from a Ridged Silicon Surface
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| | journal=[[Journal of the Physical Society of Japan]]
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| | volume=71 | pages=5–8
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| | doi=10.1143/JPSJ.71.5
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| |arxiv = physics/0111115 |bibcode = 2002JPSJ...71....5S }}</ref>
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| ==Reflectivity of ridged atomic mirrors==
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| [[Image:Image-Ridged Mirror figureB.png|400px|right]]
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| Various estimates for the efficiency of [[quantum reflection]] of waves from '''ridged mirror''' were discussed in the literature. All the estimates explicitly use the [[de Broglie wave|de Broglie theory]] about wave properties of reflected atoms.
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| ===Scaling of the van der Waals force===
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| The ridges enhance the [[quantum reflection]] from the surface, reducing the effective constant <math>~C~</math> of the [[van der Waals force|van der Waals]] attraction of atoms to the surface. Such interpretation leads to the estimate of the reflectivity
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| : <math>\displaystyle r \approx r_0\!\left( \frac \ell L C,\!~K\sin(\theta)\right)</math>,
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| where <math>~\ell~</math> is width of the ridges, <math>~L~</math> is distance between ridges, <math>\displaystyle ~\theta~</math> is [[grazing angle]], and <math>~K=mV/\hbar~</math> is wavenumber and <math>~r_0(C,k)~</math> is coefficient of reflection of atoms with wavenumber <math>~k~</math> from a flat surface at the normal incidence. Such estimate predicts the enhancement of the reflectivity at the '''increase''' of period <math>~L~</math>; this estimate is valid at <math>KL\!~\theta^2\ll 1</math>. See [[quantum reflection]] for the approximation (fit) of the function <math>~r_0~</math>.
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| ===Interpretation as Zeno effect===
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| For narrow ridges with large period <math>L</math>, the ridges just blocks the part of the wavefront. Then, it can be interpreted in terms of the [[Fresnel diffraction]]<ref name="pra">
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| {{cite journal
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| | author= D.Kouznetsov | coauthors=H.Oberst
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| | year=2005
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| | title=Scattering of waves at ridged mirrors
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| | url=http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PhysRevA_72_013617.pdf
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| | journal=[[Physical Review A]]
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| | volume=72 |issue=1 | pages=013617
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| | doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.72.013617
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| |bibcode = 2005PhRvA..72a3617K }}</ref><ref name="fres">
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| {{cite journal
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| | author= H.Oberst
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| | coauthors=D.Kouznetsov, K.Shimizu, J.Fujita, and F. Shimizu
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| | year=2005
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| | title=Fresnel Diffraction Mirror for an Atomic Wave
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| | journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]
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| | volume=94 |issue=1 | pages=013203
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| | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.013203
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| | bibcode=2005PhRvL..94a3203O
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| }}</ref> of the [[de Broglie wave]], or the [[Zeno effect]];<ref name="zeno">
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| {{cite journal
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| | author= D.Kouznetsov
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| | coauthors= H.Oberst
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| | year=2005
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| | title=Reflection of Waves from a Ridged Surface and the Zeno Effect
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| | journal=[[Optical Review]]
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| | volume=12 | pages=1605–1623
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| | doi=10.1007/s10043-005-0363-9
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| | issue= 5
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| | bibcode=2005OptRv..12..363K
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| }}</ref> such interpretation leads to the estimate the reflectivity
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| :<math>~\displaystyle r \approx \exp\!\left(-\sqrt{8\!~K\!~L}~\theta\right)~</math>, | |
| <!--where <math> ~K~</math> is wavenumber, <math>~L~</math> is period (distance between ridges) and
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| -->
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| where the [[grazing angle]] <math>\displaystyle ~\theta~</math> is supposed to be small. This estimate predicts enhancement of the reflectivity at the '''reduction''' of period <math>~L~</math>. This estimate requires that <math>~\ell/L \ll 1~</math>.
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| ===Fundamental limit===
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| For efficient ridged mirrors, both estimates above should predict high reflectivity. This implies reduction of both, width, <math>\ell</math> of the ridges and the period, <math>L</math>. The width of the ridges cannot be smaller than the size of atom; this sets the limit of performance of the ridged mirrors.<ref name="nanoscope">
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| {{cite journal
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| | author= D.Kouznetsov
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| | coauthors=H. Oberst, K. Shimizu, A. Neumann, Y. Kuznetsova, J.-F. Bisson, K. Ueda, S. R. J. Brueck
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| | year=2006
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| | title=Ridged atomic mirrors and atomic nanoscope
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| | journal=[[Journal of Physics B]]
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| | volume=39 | pages=1605–1623
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| | doi=10.1088/0953-4075/39/7/005
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| | issue= 7
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| |bibcode = 2006JPhB...39.1605K }}</ref>
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| ==Applications of ridged mirrors==
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| Ridged mirrors are not yet commercialized, although certain achievements can be mentioned. The reflectivity of a ridged atomic mirror can be orders of magnitude better than that of a flat surface. The use of a ridged mirror as an atomic [[hologram]] has been demonstrated.
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| In Shimizu's and Fujita's work,<ref name="holo">
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| {{cite journal
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| | author =F.Shimizu
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| | coauthors=J.Fujita
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| | year = 2002
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| | title = Reflection-Type Hologram for Atoms
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| | journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]
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| | volume=88 | issue = 12 |page=123201
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| | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.123201
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| | pmid=11909457
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| | bibcode=2002PhRvL..88l3201S
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| }}</ref> atom holography is achieved via electrodes implanted into SiN<sub>4</sub> film over an atomic mirror, or maybe as the atomic mirror itself.
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| Ridged mirrors can also reflect [[visible light]];<ref name="nanoscope"/> however, for light waves, the performance is not better than that of a flat surface. An ellipsoidal ridged mirror is proposed as the focusing element for an atomic optical system with submicrometre resolution ([[atomic nanoscope]]).
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Atomic mirror]]
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| *[[Quantum reflection]]
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| *[[Atomic nanoscope]]
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| *[[Zeno effect]]
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| *[[Matter wave]]
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| [[Category:Atomic, molecular, and optical physics]]
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Hi there. Let me start by introducing the author, her title is Myrtle Cleary. He used to be unemployed but now he is a computer operator but his marketing never arrives. Doing ceramics is what adore performing. Her spouse and her live in Puerto Rico but she will have to transfer 1 working day or an additional.
Feel free to visit my blog: test.ithink-now.org