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| {{Planetbox begin
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| | name= Kepler-4b
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| }}
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| {{Planetbox image
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| | image = Exoplanet Comparison Kepler-4 b.png
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| | caption = Size comparison of Kepler-4b (right) with [[Neptune]] (left).
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| }}
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| {{Planetbox star
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| | star = [[Kepler-4]]<ref name=datatable />
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| | constell= [[Draco (constellation)|Draco]]
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| | RA = {{RA|19|2|27.7}}
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| | DEC= {{DEC|+50|8|8.7}}
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| | app_mag = 12.6<ref name=datatable />
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| | dist_pc = 550<ref name=datatable />
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| | dist_ly = 1631
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| | mass = 1.223<ref name=datatable />
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| | radius = 1.487<ref name=datatable />
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| | temperature = 5857<ref name=datatable />
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| | luminosity = 0.354 ± 0.1
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| | metallicity = 0.17<ref name=datatable />
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| | age = 4.5<ref name="EPE"/>
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| }}
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| {{Planetbox character
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| | radius_earth = 3.878
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| | radius = 0.357<ref name=datatable />
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| | mass = .077<ref name=datatable />
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| | temperature = 1650<ref name=datatable />
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| | stellar_flux = ~168
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| }}
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| {{Planetbox orbit
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| | period = 3.2135<ref name=datatable />
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| | semimajor = .04558<ref name=datatable />
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| | eccentricity = 0.25 ± 0.12<ref name="Kipping2010"/>
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| | inclination = 89.76<ref name=datatable />
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| }}
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| {{Planetbox discovery
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| | discovery_date = 2010-01-04<ref name=Talcott />
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| | discoverers =
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| | discovery_method = [[Methods of detecting extrasolar planets#Transit method|Transit]] ([[Kepler Mission]])<ref name=QuickGuide />
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| | detection_methods = Radial velocity
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| | discovery_status = Conference announcement<ref name=Talcott />
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| }}
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| {{Planetbox end}}
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| '''Kepler-4b''', initially known as '''KOI 7.01''', is an [[exoplanet|extrasolar planet]] first detected as a [[astronomical transit|transit]] by the [[Kepler (spacecraft)|Kepler spacecraft]]. Its [[radius]] and [[mass]] are similar to that of [[Neptune]]; however, due to its proximity to its host star, it is substantially hotter than any planet in the Solar System.<ref name="datatable"/><ref name="sciencenews"/> The planet's discovery was announced on January 4, 2010 in [[Washington, D.C.]] along with four other planets that were initially detected by the Kepler spacecraft and subsequently confirmed by telescopes at the [[W.M. Keck Observatory]].
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| ==Nomenclature and history==
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| Kepler-4b was named because it was the first planet discovered in the orbit of its star, [[Kepler-4]]. The star was, in turn, named for the Kepler Mission, a [[NASA]] satellite whose purpose is to discover Earth-like planets in a section of the sky between constellations [[Cygnus (constellation)|Cygnus]] and [[Lyra]] using the transit method. Using this method, Kepler notes small and steady decreases in a star's brightness that are measured as a planet crosses in front of it.<ref name=QuickGuide>{{cite web |url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/QuickGuide/ |title=Kepler: About the Mission |author= |year=2011 |work=Kepler Mission |publisher=NASA |accessdate=11 March 2011}}</ref> Initially, Kepler-4b was detected as a transit event by the [[Kepler telescope]] and considered a [[Kepler Object of Interest]] with the designation KOI 7.01.<ref name="Borucki2011"/>
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| Subsequent [[radial velocity]] measurements by the [[High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer]] on the telescopes of W.M. Keck Observatory confirmed the planetary nature of the transit event and established a mass estimate for the planet.<ref name="Borucki2010"/> The planet's existence was announced on January 4, 2010 along with four other planets detected by Kepler: [[Kepler-5b]], [[Kepler-6b|6b]], [[Kepler-7b|7b]] and [[Kepler-8b|8b]]<ref name="sciencenews"/> at the [[American Astronomical Society 215th meeting|215th]] meeting of the [[American Astronomical Society]] in Washington, D.C.<ref name=Talcott>{{cite web |url=http://cs.astronomy.com/asycs/blogs/astronomy/archive/2010/01/05/215th-aas-meeting-update-kepler-discoveries-the-talk-of-the-town.aspx |title=215th AAS meeting update: Kepler discoveries the talk of the town |author=Rich Talcott |date=5 January 2010 |work=Astronomy.com |publisher=''[[Astronomy (magazine)|Astronomy]]'' magazine |accessdate=11 March 2011}}</ref>
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| ==Host star==
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| {{main|Kepler-4}}
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| Kepler-4 is located within the [[Draco (constellation)|Draco constellation]] on the sky, and is approximately 550 [[parsecs]] from our solar system. It has an effective temperature almost identical to the [[Sun]] at 5857 [[Kelvin]], but a mass and radius that are somewhat larger than the sun: respectively, 1.223 [[solar mass|<math>\begin{smallmatrix}M_\odot\end{smallmatrix}</math>]] and 1.487 [[solar radius|<math>\begin{smallmatrix}R_\odot\end{smallmatrix}</math>]]. The star is thought to be around 4.5 billion years old, and at or very near the end of its [[main-sequence]] [[hydrogen burning]] phase. In several tens of millions of years it will likely become a [[subgiant]] star.<ref name="Borucki2010"/>
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| ==Characteristics==
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| Kepler-4b orbits its host star in 3.213 days at a distance of 0.046 [[astronomical unit|AU]].<ref name="Borucki2010"/> This places it almost 10 times closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Consequently, Kepler-4b is thought to be extremely hot, with an [[equilibrium temperature]] greater than 1700 [[Kelvin]] (2600 Fahrenheit).<ref name="Kipping2010"/> The planet is estimated to be 25 times more massive than the Earth with a radius that is 4 times greater than the Earth.<ref name="Borucki2010"/> This makes it similar to Neptune in terms of size and mass, but with a temperature that is not comparable to any planet in our solar system (Venus, the hottest planet is only 735 Kelvin). Kepler-4b's [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] was assumed to be 0, however an independent reanalysis of the discovery data found a value of 0.25 ± 0.12.<ref name="Kipping2010"/>
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| [[File:Kepler first five exoplanet size.jpg|thumb|300px|A picture showing the relative sizes of the first five planets discovered by Kepler. Kepler-4b is the smallest of the five, highlighted in purple.]]
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| == See also ==
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| * [[Kepler-5b]]
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| * [[Kepler-6b]]
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| * [[Kepler-7b]]
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| * [[Kepler-8b]]
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| * [[Kepler-9b]]
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| * [[Kepler-10b]]
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| == References ==
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| {{reflist|refs=
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| <ref name="Borucki2010">{{cite journal | title=Kepler-4b: A Hot Neptune-like Planet of a G0 Star Near Main-sequence Turnoff | url=http://iopscience.iop.org/2041-8205/713/2/L126/fulltext/ | last1=Borucki | first1=William J. | last2=Koch | first2=David G. | last3=Brown | first3=Timothy M. | last4=Basri | first4=Gibor | last5=Batalha | first5=Natalie M. | last6=Caldwell | first6=Douglas A. | last7=Cochran | first7=William D. | last8=Dunham | first8=Edward W. | last9=Gautier III | first9=Thomas N. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters | year=2010 | volume=713 | issue=2 | page=L126 | arxiv=1001.0604 | bibcode=2010ApJ...713L.126B | doi=10.1088/2041-8205/713/2/L126 }}</ref>
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| .<ref name ="Borucki2011">{{cite web| author=Borucki, William J; et al. | title=Characteristics of planetary candidates observed by Kepler, II: Analysis of the first four months of data | url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/files/mws/FebDataRelease_revised_020211.pdf |publisher=http://kepler.nasa.gov | date=2011-02-01 |accessdate=2011-03-07}}</ref>
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| <ref name="EPE">{{cite web | url=http://exoplanet.eu/catalog/kepler-4_b/ | title=Planet Kepler-4 b
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| | author=Jean Schneider | year=2010 | work=[[Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]] | publisher=Jean Schneider | accessdate=5 August 2012}}</ref>
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| <ref name="Kipping2010">{{cite journal | title=An Independent Analysis of Kepler-4b through Kepler-8b | url=http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/730/1/50/fulltext/ | last1=Kipping | first1=David | last2=Bakos | first2=Gáspár | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | year=2011 | volume=730 | issue=1 | at=50 | arxiv=1004.3538 | bibcode=2011ApJ...730...50K | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/730/1/50 }}</ref> | |
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| <ref name="sciencenews">
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| {{cite web |url=http://www.usnews.com/science/articles/2010/01/04/space-telescope-finds-its-first-extrasolar-planets |title=Kepler space telescope finds its first extrasolar planets |author=Ron Cowen |date=2010-01-04 |work= |publisher=Science News|accessdate=2010-01-04}}</ref>
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| <ref name="datatable"> | |
| {{cite web |url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/ |title=Summary Table of Kepler Discoveries |date=2010-03-15 |work= |publisher=NASA|accessdate=2010-03-18}}</ref>
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| }}
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| == External links ==
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| {{commonscat-inline|Kepler-4 b}}
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| *http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler4b/
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| {{Sky|19|2|27.7|+|50|8|8.7| 550}}
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| [[Category:Exoplanets discovered in 2010]]
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| [[Category:Hot Neptunes]]
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| [[Category:Gas giants]]
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| [[Category:Transiting exoplanets]]
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| [[Category:Draco (constellation)]]
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| [[Category:Exoplanets discovered by Kepler (spacecraft)|4b]]
| |
Well, with the altering lifestyles, diseases amongst the generations have improved. Occasionally these illnesses take the from of disabilities, costing you more on your pockets. But purchasing an insurance policy can give you some amount of respite...
Worried about the revved up health-related bills on your recent sickness- temporary disability? It has produced a large whole in your monthly spending budget. And now you are having sleepless nights on any possibility of recurrence of the circumstance in future.
Well, with the changing lifestyles, illnesses amongst the generations have elevated. Often these diseases take the from of disabilities, costing you a lot more on your pockets. But getting an insurance coverage policy can give you some quantity of respite. When you are unable to function, disability insurance coverage replaces some portion of your earned revenue. You get two major kinds of disability coverage:
Quick-Term Disability Coverage: This kind of insurance coverage offers you cover for the early days of your disability. This policy can spend you benefits for two weeks to two years. Typically brief-term disability is integrated in the employee"s advantage package.
Long-Term Disability Coverage: As the name suggests, extended term disability assists you replace your earnings for an extended period of time. This time period usually ends after five years or when the age of the disabled individual is 65. This long term disability is either provided by your employer or you can also have it individually. Under this, there are two sorts of person insurance coverage. A single is non cancelable and the other is the assured renewable.
In this sort of insurance coverage scheme, the renewal of the policy can"t be refused by the insurer. The insurer is also necessary to spend the premiums on time. Patent Pending includes more concerning how to engage in this viewpoint. The significant difference between the two is that, you have an extra safety in a non-cancelable contract, that the premiums will in no way be raised above that shown in the policy.
But a assured renewable insurance policy can raise the premiums, if the modify made affects all the policyholders. Due to this, the initial premiums are much less high-priced for the guaranteed renewable policy as compared to the non-cancelable 1.
Insurance coverage on individual disability is a standard concept. It considerably replaces your total earnings and that also on a tax totally free basis. The disability policy supplied by each and every organization is different from the other. Visiting parmele law firm certainly provides tips you should give to your co-worker. But it is not a solution that you can shop for on the basis of competitive rates. Acquiring a inexpensive disability insurance policy is just like throwing away income.
So ahead of going in for a distinct insurance coverage policy, it is advisable for you to do a little market survey and place your hands on the a single that is the most suitable to you.. Principles includes more about where to see it.
If you adored this article and you would certainly such as to receive even more details pertaining to health news articles kindly go to our own web-page.
