Adaptive Gabor representation: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Unhybridized.png|thumb|Dispersion relation of conduction band and localized states.]]
After a week of hard work and stress you can actually free your body and mind from unwanted tension once you relax with a glass of absinthe alcohol within your palm. This glorious drink entered the civilized world in the late 1700s, was banned by a number of countries in the 1900s due to several misconceptions, and is now making an entry back as being a unique liquor with its own unique flavor and color.<br><br>
[[File:Hybridization.png|thumb|Hybridization and forming of an indirect energy (hybridization) gap due to the coherent Kondo screening of the local moments by the sea of conduction electrons.]]
[[File:Kondo insulator.png|thumb|In case of Kondo insulators the Fermi level (chemical potential) is located in the hybridization gap.]]


In [[solid-state physics]], '''[[Jun Kondo|Kondo]] [[Insulator (electricity)|insulators]]''' (also referred as '''Kondo [[semiconductors]]''' and '''[[heavy fermion]] semiconductors''') are understood as materials with strongly correlated electrons, that open up a narrow [[band gap]] (in the order of 10 meV) at low temperatures with the [[chemical potential]] lying in the gap, whereas in heavy fermions the chemical potential is located in the [[Conduction band|conduction band]]. The band gap opens up at low temperatures due to [[Orbital hybridisation|hybridization]] of localized electrons (mostly f-electrons) with conduction electrons, a correlation effect known as [[Kondo effect]]. As a consequence, a transition from metallic behavior to insulating behavior is seen in resistivity measurements. The band gap could be either [[Direct and indirect band gaps|direct or indirect]]. Most studied Kondo insulators are FeSi, Ce<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>4</sub>Pt<sub>3</sub>, SmB<sub>6</sub>, YbB<sub>12</sub>, and CeNiSn.<ref>http://www.physics.uci.edu/faculty/fisk.html#projects</ref>
Historically, absinthe drinks were often known as absinthe green fairy  Contact due to the green color derived from the herb Artemisia Absinthium or Grande Wormwood, along with several other herbs and flowers. Absinthe also contains Thujone, which is present in the shape of oil in wormwood and which was thought to release toxic chemicals in the drinkers body upon consumption. The resultant absinthe effects included hallucinations, convulsions and also violent behavior in a few of its early drinkers. The main problem was traced towards presence of large levels of Thujone in those drinks and the high strength of the alcohol of just about 68% in early drinks as people did not dilute it to safe levels. <br><br>Most European countries and the Usa slowly lifted the ban from absinthe alcohol as previous problems were traced to high amounts  find out of Thujone and additional chemicals that were put into inferior quality absinthe drinks. Modern absinthe liquor also requires a fair amount of [https://Www.google.com/search?hl=en&gl=us&tbm=nws&q=dilution&btnI=lucky dilution] with water to really make it safe enough to drink in moderate quantities. Several absinthe brands have also started appearing in markets around the globe and also offer a wide range of colors other than the standard green. <br><br>Most contemporary distillery methods also have the ability to remove most of the Thujone content from absinthe wormwood, thus making it a safe and tasty anise-flavored drink. If you want to try out a different alcoholic drink then you should also obtain a few absinthe accessories to build up the right mood. You can opt for absinthe glasses that are offered in several shapes and sizes, and also buy the absinthe spoon, that is perforated in various patterns. This spoon holds the sugar cube, which in turn will dissolve when you pour water over it before it flows into the glass filled up with absinthe drink. The ultimate absinthe fairy will certainly be a milky colored, sweet and bitter drink having a distinct flavor that's certain to please your palate and your senses.<br><br>However, you should be sure that you only buy real absinthe drinks created using real wormwood rather than cheap fakes that might contain unwanted chemicals and colors blended into them.  For more info in regards to www.myabsinthe.com ([http://myabsinthe.com Full Write-up]) have a look at the webpage. If you are wondering on where to buy absinthe then you could also hop online and select from a number of reputed online stores that offer genuine absinthe alcohol drinks. When you get used to enjoying absinthe then you can certainly also make this delectable drink right in your own home by buying an absinthe kit that includes all accessories and recipes necessary to make delicious absinthe drinks right at your home, and that too at a fraction of the cost of bottled absinthe drinks. <br><br>If you're an alcohol connoisseur then you definitely should try out this infamous liquor which has been making a strong come-back in the western world. You can try out absinthe alcohol as readymade drinks or can even experiment with delectable absinthe recipes right at home with the assistance of absinthe kits, so as to relax with a cool glass of absinthe in your hand.
 
==Historical overview==
In 1969, Menth ''et al.'' found no magnetic ordering in [[Samarium hexaboride|SmB<sub>6</sub>]] down to 0.35 K and a change from metallic to insulating behavior in the resistivity measurement with decreasing temperature. They interpreted this phenomenon as a change of the electronic configuration of Sm. <ref>''Magnetic and semiconducting properties of SmB<sub>6</sub>'', A. Menth, E. Buehler, and T.H. Geballe, 1969, Phys. Rev. Lett., 22(7):295-297</ref>
 
Gabriel Aeppli and Zachary Fisk found a descriptive way to explain the physical properties of Ce<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>4</sub>Pt<sub>3</sub> and CeNiSn in 1992. They called the materials Kondo insulators, showing Kondo lattice behavior near room temperature, but becoming semiconducting with very small energy gaps (a few Kelvin to a few tens of Kelvin) when decreasing the temperature. <ref>''Kondo Insulators'', G. Aeppli, Z. Fisk, 1992, Comments Cond. Mat. Phys. 16, 155-170</ref>
 
==Transport properties==
At high temperatures the localized f-electrons form independent local magnetic moments. According to the Kondo effect, the dc-resistivity of Kondo insulators shows a logarithmic temperature-dependence. At low temperatures, the local magnetic moments are screened by the sea of conduction electrons, forming a so-called Kondo resonance. The interaction of the conduction band with the [[F-orbital|f-orbitals]] results in a hybridization and an energy gap <math> \epsilon_{\mathrm{g}} </math>. If the chemical potential lies in the hybridization gap, an insulating behavior can be seen in the dc-resistivity at low temperatures.
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*''Heavy Fermions: Electrons at the Edge of Magnetism'', Piers Coleman, Handbook of Magnetism and Advanced Magnetic Materials, 2007, Vol. 1, http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0612006v3
*''Heavy fermion semiconductors'', Peter S. Riseborough, Advances in physics, 2000, Vol. 49, No. 3, 257-320
 
[[Category:Condensed matter physics]]

Latest revision as of 00:59, 28 May 2014

After a week of hard work and stress you can actually free your body and mind from unwanted tension once you relax with a glass of absinthe alcohol within your palm. This glorious drink entered the civilized world in the late 1700s, was banned by a number of countries in the 1900s due to several misconceptions, and is now making an entry back as being a unique liquor with its own unique flavor and color.

Historically, absinthe drinks were often known as absinthe green fairy Contact due to the green color derived from the herb Artemisia Absinthium or Grande Wormwood, along with several other herbs and flowers. Absinthe also contains Thujone, which is present in the shape of oil in wormwood and which was thought to release toxic chemicals in the drinkers body upon consumption. The resultant absinthe effects included hallucinations, convulsions and also violent behavior in a few of its early drinkers. The main problem was traced towards presence of large levels of Thujone in those drinks and the high strength of the alcohol of just about 68% in early drinks as people did not dilute it to safe levels.

Most European countries and the Usa slowly lifted the ban from absinthe alcohol as previous problems were traced to high amounts find out of Thujone and additional chemicals that were put into inferior quality absinthe drinks. Modern absinthe liquor also requires a fair amount of dilution with water to really make it safe enough to drink in moderate quantities. Several absinthe brands have also started appearing in markets around the globe and also offer a wide range of colors other than the standard green.

Most contemporary distillery methods also have the ability to remove most of the Thujone content from absinthe wormwood, thus making it a safe and tasty anise-flavored drink. If you want to try out a different alcoholic drink then you should also obtain a few absinthe accessories to build up the right mood. You can opt for absinthe glasses that are offered in several shapes and sizes, and also buy the absinthe spoon, that is perforated in various patterns. This spoon holds the sugar cube, which in turn will dissolve when you pour water over it before it flows into the glass filled up with absinthe drink. The ultimate absinthe fairy will certainly be a milky colored, sweet and bitter drink having a distinct flavor that's certain to please your palate and your senses.

However, you should be sure that you only buy real absinthe drinks created using real wormwood rather than cheap fakes that might contain unwanted chemicals and colors blended into them. For more info in regards to www.myabsinthe.com (Full Write-up) have a look at the webpage. If you are wondering on where to buy absinthe then you could also hop online and select from a number of reputed online stores that offer genuine absinthe alcohol drinks. When you get used to enjoying absinthe then you can certainly also make this delectable drink right in your own home by buying an absinthe kit that includes all accessories and recipes necessary to make delicious absinthe drinks right at your home, and that too at a fraction of the cost of bottled absinthe drinks.

If you're an alcohol connoisseur then you definitely should try out this infamous liquor which has been making a strong come-back in the western world. You can try out absinthe alcohol as readymade drinks or can even experiment with delectable absinthe recipes right at home with the assistance of absinthe kits, so as to relax with a cool glass of absinthe in your hand.

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