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| {{ref improve|date=January 2013}}
| | Heeton Holdings Limited is engaged in property growth and property investment in Singapore and past. Established in 1976, it has been listed on the Singapore Exchange since eight September 2003. Luxury property developers in Singapore are going through their worst gross sales outlook in six years as a raft of government measures to cool one of many world's most costly real property markets chew. Actual estate investments by international developers doubled in 2013 property privatisations recorded in last four years.<br><br>Oxley Holdings bought property and invested in builders in Britain, Cambodia, China and Malaysia. Sim Lian Group Ltd added to its overseas portfolio by buying [https://www.baby-clothes-exchange.com/node/656 big property developers in singapore] in Australia. Tuesday's measures come after the Financial Authority of Singapore in June tightened rules on property loans, and closed loopholes that allowed some householders to avoid loan restrictions and avoid paying levies when buying further property. also can post real-property associated questions in Singapore at PropertyChitChat.sg. Purchase, Promote and Lease your properties as we speak at www.PropertyChitChat.Sg Ultra uncommon Lodge-Mall improvement in a vigorous and vigorous location on the market that - very very highly wanted and DLV in Singapore and Twins at Damansara Heights in Malaysia.<br><br>We are Singapore's premier property developer that stamp distinctive seal on every property project that we construct. We're dedicated to satisfy homeowners' want for prestige, comfort, luxurious, security, convenience and worth. ING Real Property is an built-in actual estate group that's engaged in the development, financing and investment administration of high quality actual estate in all main global markets Mapletree Investments Pte Ltd is a number one property company with an asset base of primarily office, logistics, industrial and retail properties located close to to Singapore harbour. The properties are perfect for companies and industries in logistics, transport, oil & chemical and other port-related activities Licence of a housing developer The Peak @ Cairnhill I<br><br>The TDSR goals to ensure that patrons' month-to-month funds do not exceed 60 p.c of their revenue, so they would not be caught out by a spike in interest rates. Most mortgages in Singapore have adjustable, relatively than fastened, rates. The good news is, while the first preview is private and normally reserved for administrators, business associates, and even shareholders of the developer, the first public preview is open to only about anybody with the means and want to buy a unit. However you'd often need to pre-register for it. Agents from these companies call themselves the Developer's Gross sales Workforce or Office, or similar phrases, which might be type of complicated to a lay individual, who tends to mistake that to imply someone from the developer's office itself. Newton, Singapore<br><br>The Company is dedicated to grow its commercial portfolio in key Asian cities. Its portfolio of overseas industrial properties includes Seasons City in the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City, a Grade A office improvement in Beijing and a retail mall Life Hub @ Jinqiao in Shanghai, China, Saigon Centre in Ho Chi Minh Metropolis, Vietnam, as well as Worldwide Monetary Centre Jakarta in Indonesia. The Company additionally plans to develop Park Avenue Central in Shanghai right into a retail-cum-workplace complicated.<br><br>Elder son ROBERT NG runs family fortunes in Hong Kong operating as Sino Land and his proven himself time again that he's capable of competethe Large Boys in Hong Kong. Analysts say that the price was 'expensive' at HK$1,944 psf for the ten,450 sq m site. Sino Land is well-known for being prepared to pay top dollar and, in particular, it is nonetheless remembered for paying high prices at land auctions earlier than the Asian financial disaster. Mr Lee yesterday mentioned falling rates of interest had prompted many traders to look to the luxury market. Its Sky Horizon undertaking, with items ranging in dimension from 1,300 square toes to 1,four hundred square ft, acquired a number of affords from foreign funds in Singapore, Australia and the United States, Mr Lee stated. SINGAPORE PROPERTY AWARDS<br><br>ORCHARD RESIDENCES, THE NON-PUBLIC CONDOMINIUM CONDOMINIUM ORCHARD BOULEVARD, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 09) PALMS @ SIXTH AVENUE CLUSTER STRATA HOUSE SIXTH AVENUE, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 10) PARC ELEGANCE PERSONAL CONDOMINIUM RESIDENCE TELOK KURAU STREET, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 15) PEAK @ CAIRNHILL I, THE PRIVATE CONDOMINIUM CONDO CAIRNHILL CIRCLE, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 09) PEAK @ CAIRNHILL II, THE (LAUNCHING QUICKLY!) PERSONAL CONDOMINIUM RESIDENCE CAIRNHILL CIRCLE, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 09) PRIME RESIDENCE NON-PUBLIC CONDOMINIUM APARTMENT GEYLANG LORONG 22, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 14) PROMENADE @ PELIKAT, THE BUSINESS RETAIL STORE AREA JALAN PELIKAT, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 19) RADIANCE @ BUKIT TIMAH STRATA CLUSTER HOUSE YUK TONG AVENUE, SINGAPORE (DISTRICT 21) www.the-viva.sg<br><br>In Singapore's property growth segment, we have started to note a number of strategic moves by key property developers. Whereas most of those moves have been envisioned as long-term, we marvel if it is a sign of things to come. These developments embrace Keppel Company's recent divestment of Keppel REIT as well as the possible sale of Keppel Land's Tower three at Marina Bay Monetary Centre. These developments beg the question, have the Singaporean property market lastly exhausted its stockpile of steroids? |
| {{prose|date=August 2012}}
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| [[Image:Maiale at gosport.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Italian manned torpedo, a ''maiale'' type S.S.B. ''[[Siluro San Bartolomeo]]'', at the [[Royal Navy Submarine Museum]].]]
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| [[File:1uwvz2.jpg|thumb|300px|Israeli manned torpedo. 1967.]]
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| '''Human torpedoes''' or '''manned torpedoes''' are a type of rideable [[submarine]] used as secret naval weapons in [[World War II]]. The basic design is still in use today; they are a type of [[diver propulsion vehicle]].
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| The name was commonly used to refer to the weapons that Italy, and later Britain, deployed in the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] and used to attack ships in enemy harbours. A group of a dozen countries used the human torpedo, from Italy and the United Kingdom to Argentina and Egypt, and there are some museums and movies dedicated to this naval weapon. The human torpedo concept is used recreationally for sport diving.
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| ==Characteristics==
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| The first human torpedo (the Italian ''Maiale'') was electrically propelled, with two crewmen in [[diving suits]] riding astride. They steered the [[torpedo]] at slow speed to the enemy ship. The detachable [[warhead]] was then used as a [[limpet mine]]. They then rode the torpedo away.
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| In operation, the ''Maiale'' torpedo was carried by another vessel (usually a normal submarine), and launched near the target. Most manned torpedo operations were at night and during the [[new moon]] to cut down the risk of being seen.
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| The idea was successfully applied by the Italian navy (''[[Regia Marina]]'') early in World War II and then copied by the British when they discovered the Italian operations. The official Italian name for their craft was ''Siluro a Lenta Corsa'' (SLC or "Slow-running torpedo"), but the Italian operators nicknamed it ''maiale'' (Italian for "pig"; plural ''maiali'') because it was difficult to steer. The British copies were named "chariots".
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| ==Construction==
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| [[File:Aa mk1chariot 2UBAs.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Computer-generated imagery|CGI]] image of '''human torpedo''': British Mk 1 "chariot" ridden by two [[frogmen]] with [[Siebe Gorman CDBA|UBA]] [[rebreather]]s]]
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| A typical manned torpedo has a propeller and [[Diving plane|hydroplanes]] at the rear, side hydroplanes in front, and a control panel and controls for its front rider. It usually has two riders who sit facing forwards. It has [[navigation]] aids such as a [[compass]], and nowadays modern aids such as [[sonar]] and [[GPS]] positioning and [[modulated ultrasound]] communications gear. It may have an air (or other [[breathing gas]]) supply so its riders do not have to drain their own apparatus while they are riding it. In some the riders' seats are enclosed; in others the seats are open at the sides as in sitting astride a horse. The seat design includes room for the riders' [[swimfins]] (if used). There are [[Ballast tank|flotation tanks]] (typically four: left fore, right fore, left aft, right aft), which can be flooded or blown empty to adjust [[buoyancy]] and [[Yaw, pitch, and roll|attitude]].
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| ==Timeline==
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| [[File:SLC esposto Museo scienza e tecn Milano 19-12-'10.JPG|thumb|SLC displayed in the "Museo della Scienza e della Tecnica" in Milan]]
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| * 1909: The British designer Commander [[Godfrey Herbert]] received a patent for a manned torpedo. During World War I, it was rejected by the War Office as impracticable and unsafe.
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| * 1 November 1918: Two men of the [[Regia Marina]], Raffaele Paolucci and [[Raffaele Rossetti]], in diving suits, rode a primitive manned torpedo (nicknamed ''Mignatta'' or "leech") into the [[Austro-Hungarian Navy]] base at [[Pula|Pola]] ([[Istria]]), where they sank the Austrian [[battleship]] [[SMS Viribus Unitis|''Viribus Unitis'']] and the freighter ''Wien'' using limpet mines. They had no [[Scuba set|breathing sets]] and they had to keep their heads above water, and thus they were discovered and taken prisoner.<ref>[http://www.marina.difesa.it/storia/galleria/viribus.asp Photographies of the "mignatta", the first human torpedo invented by Raffaele Rossetti, and the "Viribus Unitis" sinking]</ref>
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| * 1938: In Italy the "1<sup>a</sup> Flottiglia Mezzi d'Assalto" (First Fleet Assault Vehicles) was formed as a result of the research and development efforts of two men - [[Major Teseo Tesei]] and Major Elios Toschi of the Italian Royal Navy. The pair resurrected the idea of Paolucci and Rossetti.
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| * 1940: Commander Moccagatta of the Italian Royal Navy reorganised the 1st Fleet Assault Vehicles into the ''[[Decima Flottiglia MAS]]'' (Tenth Light Flotilla of assault vehicles) or "X-MAS", under the command of Ernesto Forza. It secretly manufactured manned torpedoes and trained war frogmen, called ''nuotatori'' (Italian: "swimmers").
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| * 26 July 1941: An attack on [[Valletta|Valletta Harbour]] ended in disaster for the X MAS and Major Teseo Tesei lost his life.
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| * 19 December 1941: The Decima Flottiglia MAS attacked the port of [[Raid on Alexandria (1941)|Alexandria]] with three ''maiali''. The battleships {{HMS|Valiant|1914|6}} and [[HMS Queen Elizabeth (1913)|''Queen Elizabeth'']] (and an 8,000-ton [[Tank ship|tanker]]) were sunk in shallow water putting them out of action for many months. [[Luigi Durand de la Penne]] and five other swimmers were taken prisoner. De la Penne was awarded the [[Gold Medal of Military Valor]] after the war.
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| * October 1942: Two British chariots were carried aboard the ''[[Shetland Bus]]'' fishing-boat ''Arthur'' to attack the ''[[German battleship Tirpitz|Tirpitz]]'' on Operation ''Title.'' They were swung overboard once in Norwegian waters but both became detached from their tow-hooks in a gale and the operation was a total failure.<ref name=quick>{{cite journal |last=Quick |first=D. |title=A History Of Closed Circuit Oxygen Underwater Breathing Apparatus |journal=Royal Australian Navy, School of Underwater Medicine. |volume=[[RANSUM]]-1-70 |year=1970 |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/4960 |accessdate=2009-03-20 }}</ref>
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| * 8 December 1942. An attack by three manned torpedoes from the [[Italian auxiliary ship Olterra|auxiliary ship ''Olterra'']] against British naval targets was thwarted in [[Gibraltar]]. Three divers were killed by depth charges when the British harbour defence "reacted furiously" to the attack. Among the dead were Lt Licio Visintini, commander of the divers unit on board the ''Olterra'', Petty Officer Giovanni Magro and Sergeant Salvatore Leone, from [[Taormina]], Sicily. Leone's body was never found. Sgt Leone was awarded the ''Medaglia d'oro al Valor Militare'' and a memorial was erected in the Community Gardens in Taormina on the 50th anniversary of the attack. The memorial includes a rebuilt ''maiale'' and a description of the events, in three languages.
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| * 1–2 January 1943: British submarines ''Thunderbolt, Trooper'' and ''P311'' took part in Operation '' Principal.'' ''P311'' was lost en route to [[La Maddelena]] but the other two boats had some success at [[Palermo]], launching two and three Chariots respectively. The ''Ulpio Traiano'' was sunk and the stern torn off ''Viminale.'' However the cost was high with one submarine and one chariot lost and all but two charioteers captured.
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| * 18 January 1943: ''Thunderbolt'' took two chariots to Tripoli for Operation ''Welcome.'' This was to prevent blockships being sunk at the harbour mouth, so denying access to the Allies. Again, partial success was achieved. This was the last operation in which chariots were carried in containers on British submarines, although some others followed with the chariots on deck without containers.
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| * 6 May & 10 June 1943: Italian ''maiali'' from the ''Olterra'', now under the command of Lt Ernesto Notari, sank six Allied merchant ships in Gibraltar, for a total of 42,000 tn.
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| * 2 October 1943: A bigger Italian frogman-carrier, {{convert|10|m|ft}} long and carrying four frogmen, called ''Siluro San Bartolomeo'', or SSB, was going to attack Gibraltar, but Italy surrendered and the attack was called off.
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| * 21 June 1944: A British-Italian joint operation was mounted against shipping in [[La Spezia]] harbour. The chariots were carried on board an MTB and the cruiser ''Bolzano'' was sunk.
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| * 6 July 1944: A German [[Neger]] type vessel torpedoed the [[Royal Navy]] Minesweepers [[HMS Magic|HMS ''Magic'']] and ''Cato''.<ref name="Brown">Brown p. 115</ref>
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| * 8 July 1944: A German Neger-type torpedo manned by Lt. Potthast heavily damaged the Polish [[light cruiser]] [[HMS Dragon (D46)|ORP ''Dragon'']] off the [[Normandy]] beaches.
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| * 20 July 1944: Royal Navy destroyer [[HMS Isis (D87)|HMS ''Isis'']] was mined at anchor in [[Seine Bay]]. A German Human Torpedo was believed responsible.<ref name="Brown" />
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| * 27–28 October 1944: The British submarine [[HMS Trenchant (P331)|''Trenchant'']] carried two ''Mk 2 Chariots'' (nicknamed ''Tiny'' and ''Slasher'') to an attack on [[Phuket Province|Phuket]] harbor in [[Thailand]]. See [[British commando frogmen#1944|British commando frogmen]] for more information about this attack. No manned torpedo operations in combat in any war are known with certainty after this date.
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| * Immediate post-war period: The British Chariots were used to clear mines and wrecks in harbours.
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| For other events, see [[Decima Flottiglia MAS#Chronicle of operations|Operations of X Flottiglia MAS]] and [[British commando frogmen]].
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| Some nations including Italy have continued to build and deploy manned torpedoes since 1945.
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| ==Italy==
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| ;World war I
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| *[[Raffaele Rossetti]] in 1918 created a new weapon, based on his idea of a [[torpedo]] manned by a person, to be linked to enemy vessels underwater and explode under the [[ship hull]]. This weapon was called "mignatta" (leech) and was the precursor of the ''maiale'' of [[World War II]] and the actual ''human torpedo''.
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| ;World War II
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| [[File:0950 - Taormina - Sottomarino Maiale alla Villa Comunale - Foto G. DallOrto, 30 Sept-2006.jpg|thumb|right|A maiale in [[Taormina]], Sicily]]
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| [[Image:Maiale cockpit.jpg|thumb|right|Cockpit of a Maiale.]]
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| *Siluro a Lenta Corsa (Italian, Low Speed Torpedo – SLC), also known as ''maiale'' (Italian for "pig", plural ''maiali'').<ref>[http://www.edencamp.co.uk/hut31/Image3.gif Image at this link]. Pages 6–11, issue 39, [[Historical Diving Times]] has several large photographs of one recovered after [[Decima Flottiglia MAS#1941|an attack on Malta on 26 July 1941]]</ref>
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| *Siluro San Bartolomeo (Italian, St. Bartholomew Torpedo, also called SSB). It was never used in action. [http://www.edencamp.co.uk/hut31/Image7.gif Image at this link].
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| For information on Italian manned torpedo operations, see [[Decima Flottiglia MAS]].
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| {{Commonscat-inline|Maiale manned torpedo}}
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| ;After 1945
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| *'''CE2F/X100''' is a make of chariot made after 1945. There is an image of it [http://home.swipnet.se/Submarine/Nyhetssida.htm on this link]. They are made in [[Italy]]. Range {{convert|50|mi|km}}. 2 riders. The [[Pakistan]] Navy has several of them. [[India]] and [[Argentina]] also have some.<ref>[http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/2007/RAND_MG510.pdf "Stealing the Sword: Limiting Terrorist Use of Advanced Conventional Weapons", p. 60]</ref> Recent upgrades include:
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| **control module with a [[GPS]]
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| **[[autopilot]]
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| **Digitized on board electronics
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| **launcher for five [[LCAW]] mini[[torpedo]]es (optional)
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| ==United Kingdom==
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| ; World War II
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| {{main|Chariot manned torpedo}}
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| *Chariot Mark 1, 6.8 m (22 feet 4 inches) long, 0.9 m (2 feet 11 inches) wide, 1.2 m (3 feet 11 inches) high, speed {{convert|2.5|kn|km/h}}, weight: 1.6 tonnes, maximum diving depth: 27 m. Endurance 5 hours (distance depended on water current). Its control handle was <math>\infty</math>-shaped. 34 were made.
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| *Chariot Mark II, 30 ft 6 in (9.3 m) long, 2 ft 6 in (0.8 m) diameter, 3 ft 3 in (1 m) maximum heighr, weight 5200 pounds (2359 kg), max speed 4.5 knots, range 5–6 hours at full speed, had two riders, who sat back to back. 30 were made.<ref>pp 61 & 62, ''Chariots of War'', by Robert W. Hobson, publ. Ulric Publishing, [[Church Stretton]], Shropshire, England, 2004, ISBN 0-9541997-1-5</ref>
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| :: Both types were made by Stothert and Pitt (crane makers) at [[Bath, Somerset]].
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| For information on British manned torpedo operations, see [[British commando frogmen]].
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| ==Germany==
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| ; World War II
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| ;''[[Neger]]''
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| : This extreme form of a genuine ''human torpedo''<ref name="Brown" /> carried a second torpedo underneath, which was launched at the target. Speed: {{convert|4|kn|km/h}}, and about 10 hours at 3 knots. One seat. This manned torpedo was named after its inventor Richard Mohr.
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| ;''Marder'' and ''[[Biber (submarine)|Biber]]''
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| : These very small submarines carried two torpedoes and one or two men. There were other types that never ran into production.
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| In July 1944 the [[Kriegsmarine|German Navy]] introduced their ''human torpedoes'' to harass allied positions at [[Normandy]] anchorages. Although they could not submerge, they were difficult to observe at night and inflicted several losses on allied vessels.<ref name="Brown" />
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| {{see also|German commando frogmen}}
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| ==Japan==
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| [[File:Kaiten in Hawaii 2.JPG|thumb|Captured Kaiten torpedo at the USS Bowfin museum in Hawaii]]
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| ; World War II
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| *[[Kaiten]]. The Kaiten was a manned fast torpedo, which was piloted straight into its target, which in practice was a [[suicide weapon]]. As such their operations differed substantially from those of the Italian, British and German.
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| ==Russia/USSR==
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| ; After 1945
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| *Siren. It is or was made after 1945. It is longer than a British or Italian Chariot because it has 2 warheads. It has 2 riders. It was designed to exit through a [[submarine]]'s [[torpedo tube]]. See [[Russian commando frogmen#Equipment|Russian commando frogmen]].
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| ==United States==
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| ; After 1945
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| There are pictures and descriptions of modern US Chariot-like underwater frogman-carriers used by [[U.S. Navy SEALs|SEAL]]s and a fast surface boat that can submerge, here:
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| * [http://www.specialoperations.com/Navy/SDV/ SDV = Swimmer Delivery Vehicle]
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| * [http://stiddmil.com/ STD = Swimmer Transport Device]
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| *[http://stiddmil.com/public/milcat7/MILCAT7.pdf Downloadable catalog]
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| ==Other countries==
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| ===Argentina===
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| [[Image:ArgentineMannedTorpedo.jpg|thumb|200px|Argentine navy's CE2F/X100-T, designed for operations in cold waters]]
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| In Argentina there were developed manned torpedoes and special minisubmarines in the 1950s, the latter with a torpedo attached under the two-men crew. Their crews were trained by Eugenio Wolk, a former member of the Italian [[Decima MAS]].
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| ===Poland===
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| In Poland, in the months before the outbreak of the Second World War, a number of volunteers come forward to pilot torpedoes against German warships. A Bureau of [[Living torpedoes]] was set up to organize and train these volunteers, and prepare suitable equipment, but nothing had come to fruition before the [[German invasion of Poland|German invasion and occupation]].
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| ===Yugoslavia===
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| The [[SFR Yugoslav Navy|Yugoslav Navy]] did not have manned torpedoes, but [[frogmen]] used the underwater device called ''R-1 Diver'' for a variety of missions, including: mine clearance, infiltration, clandestine surveillance and security, and assault missions on enemy shipping and naval objects.
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| These small apparatuses were relegated to the navies of [[Croatian Navy|Croatia]] (HRM) (1991) and [[Military of Montenegro|Montenegro]] (2007).
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| ==Museums==
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| [[File:Maiale SLC.jpg|thumb|A SLC, or "Maiale", exhibited in the Museo Sacrario delle Bandiere delle Forze Armate, in Rome, Italy.]]
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| *Original SLC's (Siluri Lenta Corsa or "Maiale") are displayed at the [[Venice]] Naval History Museum.
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| *There are three chariots on public view in [[Eden Camp Museum]] near [[Malton, North Yorkshire]] in [[England]]:
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| **A restored original British Mark II, which was found [http://www.edencamp.co.uk/hut31/Image8.gif derelict in a scrapyard] in [[Portsmouth]]. In this design, the two riders sat back to back.
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| **A working chariot that was made in 1992 in [[Milton Keynes]] with approximately the outside appearance of a British wartime Mark I, but with differing internal working parts. It has been filmed in action for the television. It has a [[faux|dummy]] [[warhead]]. [http://www.edencamp.co.uk/hut31/Image9.gif Image at this link]. It was last used in 2006.
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| **A replica Italian ''maiale'' made soon after 1945 by the same Italian firm ([[Caproni]]) who made the wartime ''maiali''. As at July 2008 this was on loan to the [[National Maritime Museum Cornwall]] in [[Falmouth, Cornwall]] until the end of 2008, but as at 16 March 2009 it was back in Eden Camp.
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| *There is an Italian SSB ''maiale'' in the [http://www.ussnautilus.org/ Naval Museum] at [[Groton, Connecticut]] in the USA.
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| ==Movies and fiction==
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| *The movie [[The Valiant (1962 film)|''The Valiant'']], made in 1962, is about the [[Raid on Alexandria (1941)|sinking of the HMS Valiant]] in Alexandria harbour. There it is even a 1953 Italian movie (''[[:w:it:I sette dell'Orsa maggiore|I sette dell'Orsa Maggiore]]'') about the attack, done with some real members of [[Decima Flottiglia MAS]] as support actors in the cast.
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| *The film ''[[Above Us the Waves]]'' (released in 1955) concentrates on the midget submarine attack on ''[[German battleship Tirpitz|Tirpitz]]'' battleship. The film has a scene of a fight between British and German [[frogmen]] at an [[anti-submarine net]]; this never happened in the real attack on the ''Tirpitz''.
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| *The film ''[[The Silent Enemy (film)|The Silent Enemy]]'' (released in 1958) does not represent real events accurately. In particular, in the real world there was no attack on the ''Olterra'', and no underwater hand-to-hand battle between Italian and British frogmen. The breathing sets used by the film actors representing the Italian frogmen seem to be British naval type [[rebreather]]s and not authentic Italian rebreathers. The three chariots seen in the movie, representing Italian ''maiali'', were crudely made [[Theatrical properties|film prop]]s.
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| *A film ''[[The Eagle Has Landed]]'' briefly features a German [[paratroop]] Officer, a [[Colonel]] played by [[Michael Caine]] and his men who have been sent to man chariots on the [[Channel Islands]].
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| *[[Ian Fleming]] who wrote the [[James Bond]] stories was in Naval Intelligence stationed at [[Gibraltar]] in the war, and was likely aware of the Italian operations. The chariot seen in the [[James Bond]] film ''[[On Her Majesty's Secret Service (film)|On Her Majesty's Secret Service]]'' is a [http://www.edencamp.co.uk/hut31/Image11.gif realistic-looking but non-functioning film prop]. When seen it is in a kit store. It does not take part in any action; the action happens up a mountain in the [[Swiss Alps]]. Underwater vehicles (not chariot-shaped) featured in the James Bond film ''[[Thunderball (film)|Thunderball]]''.
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| * In ''[[Metal Gear Solid]]'', [[Solid Snake]] uses one to approach ''Shadow Moses island''.
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| *In Infinity Ward's ''[[Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2]]'', Operators from "Task Force 141" uses two of these to approach one of the four oil rigs. This takes place in the mission: ''The only easy day, was yesterday''.
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| * In the game ''[[Battlestations: Pacific]]'', Kaitens and Kaiten-carrying submarines are player-controllable units.
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| ==Chariots for sport diving==
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| At least two makes of chariot-like diver-riders for sport divers were on sale in the diving gear trade for a while after 1960.
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| One of those makes was [[tradename]]d "Dolphin" and was made on the [[Isle of Wight]] in the 1960s or 1970s; both ends were tapered to a point.
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| Another type was USA-made and looked like a wartime chariot but its hull was thinner.
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| ==Media==
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| <gallery mode=packed-hover>
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| Image:Aa chariot mk1 cockpit. 00.jpg|Controls of British MK 1 chariot, at [[Eden Camp]] museum in England
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| Image:Aa chariot mk1 stern end.jpg|Stern end of British MK 1 chariot, at [[Eden Camp]] museum in England
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| Image:Aa chariot mk1 front side 00.jpg|Side view of front of British MK 1 chariot, at [[Eden Camp]] museum in England
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| Image:Aa chariot mk1 rear side 00.jpg|Side view of rear of British MK 1 chariot, at [[Eden Camp]] museum in England
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| Image:Aa chariot mk2 cockpit 00.jpg|pilot's seat of British Mk 2 chariot, [[Eden Camp]] museum in England
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| Image:Blotniak t.jpg|[[Błotniak]]
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| </gallery> | |
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| ==See also==
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| {{Portal|Underwater diving}}
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| *[[Frogman]]
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| *[[MT explosive motorboat]]
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| *[[Midget submarine]]
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| *[[Wet sub]]
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| *[[X class submarine]]
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| == Notes ==
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| {{reflist}}
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| ==References==
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| {{refbegin}}
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| *Brown, David. ''Warship Losses of World War Two.'' Arms and Armour, London, Great Britain, 1990. ISBN 0-85368-802-8.
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| *C. Warren and J. Benson - ''Above Us The Waves'' (Harrap 1953)
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| *[[Junio Valerio Borghese]] - ''Sea Devils'' (1954)
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| *Robert W. Hobson - "Chariots of War" (Ulric Publishing 2004) ISBN 0-9541997-1-5
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| *Jack Greene and Alessandro Massignani - ''The Black Prince and the Sea Devils: The Story of Prince Valerio Borghese and the Elite Units of the Decima Mas'' (2004) ISBN 0-306-81311-4
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| *Mitchell, Pamela - ''Chariots of the Sea'' Richard Netherwood (1998) ISBN 1-872955-16-9
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| {{refend}}
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| | |
| ==External links==
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| {{Commons category|Human torpedoes}}
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| *[http://www.divingheritage.com/torpedo.htm The British Chariots, diving gear and personal experiences]
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| *[http://www.cosmos-sommergibili.it/ Chariots in armed forces service after 1945]
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| *[http://www.netmarine.net/forces/commando/equipement/ Vostok: a French 2-man diver-rider that may be a chariot] (article in French)
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| *[http://www.underwatertrust.org.uk/ Underwater Heritage Trust]
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| *[http://www.underwatertrust.org.uk/edencamp.php Eden Camp Museum]
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| *[http://www.underwatertrust.org.uk/about.php More images of the restored British Mark II chariot]
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| *[http://www.comandosupremo.com Comando Supremo: Italy at War]
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| *[http://web.ukonline.co.uk/chalcraft/sm/ww2sm2.html British submarines of World War 2]
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| *[http://web.ukonline.co.uk/chalcraft/sm/chariots.html Chariots, accounts of operations, pictures]
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| *[http://www.specialforcesroh.com/browse.php?mode=viewc&catid=50 Roll of honour, awards and images for chariots and midget submarines.]
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| *[http://www.geocities.jp/torikai007/1945/kaiten.html Japanese suicide weapon：Human torpedo ''Kaiten''](Japanese)
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| * [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/maiale.htm HNSA Ship Page: Italian ''Siluro San Bartolomeo'']
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| {{Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries}}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Human Torpedo}}
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| [[Category:Diver propulsion equipment]]
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| [[Category:Submarines]]
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| [[Category:Torpedoes| ]]
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| [[Category:World War II weapons of Italy]]
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| [[Category:Submarine classes]]
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| [[Category:World War II submarines of the United Kingdom]]
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| [[Category:Frogman operations]]
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| [[Category:Italian inventions]]
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| [[Category:Naval weapons of Italy]]
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| [[Category:Midget submarines]]
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| [[Category:Wet subs]]
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In Singapore's property growth segment, we have started to note a number of strategic moves by key property developers. Whereas most of those moves have been envisioned as long-term, we marvel if it is a sign of things to come. These developments embrace Keppel Company's recent divestment of Keppel REIT as well as the possible sale of Keppel Land's Tower three at Marina Bay Monetary Centre. These developments beg the question, have the Singaporean property market lastly exhausted its stockpile of steroids?