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In [[computational complexity theory]] and [[computability theory]], a '''counting problem''' is a type of [[computational problem]]. If ''R'' is a [[search problem]] then
 
:<math>c_R(x)=\vert\{y\mid R(x,y)\}\vert \,</math>
 
is the corresponding [[counting function]] and
 
:<math>\#R=\{(x,y)\mid y\leq c_R(x)\}</math>
 
denotes the corresponding counting problem.  
 
Note that ''c<sub>R''</sub> is a search problem while #''R'' is a decision problem, however ''c<sub>R''</sub> can be '''''C''''' Cook reduced to #''R'' (for appropriate '''''C''''') using a [[binary search]] (the reason #''R'' is defined the way it is, rather than being the graph of ''c<sub>R''</sub>, is to make this binary search possible).
 
==Counting complexity class==
If ''NC'' is a complexity class associated with [[nondeterministic algorithm|non-deterministic]] machines then ''#C'' = {''#R'' | ''R'' &isin; ''NC''} is the set of counting problems associated with each [[search problem]] in ''NC''. In particular, '''[[Sharp-P|#P]]''' is the class of counting problems associated with '''[[NP (complexity)|NP]]''' search problems.
 
==External links==
* {{PlanetMath reference|id=3439|title=counting problem}}
* {{PlanetMath reference|id=3444|title=counting complexity class}}
 
{{Comp-sci-theory-stub}}
 
[[Category:Computational problems]]

Revision as of 04:49, 22 December 2013

In computational complexity theory and computability theory, a counting problem is a type of computational problem. If R is a search problem then

cR(x)=|{yR(x,y)}|

is the corresponding counting function and

#R={(x,y)ycR(x)}

denotes the corresponding counting problem.

Note that cR is a search problem while #R is a decision problem, however cR can be C Cook reduced to #R (for appropriate C) using a binary search (the reason #R is defined the way it is, rather than being the graph of cR, is to make this binary search possible).

Counting complexity class

If NC is a complexity class associated with non-deterministic machines then #C = {#R | RNC} is the set of counting problems associated with each search problem in NC. In particular, #P is the class of counting problems associated with NP search problems.

External links

Template:Comp-sci-theory-stub