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[[Image:CIExy1931 ProPhoto.svg|325px|right|thumb|CIE 1931 xy chromaticity diagram showing the chromaticities enclosed by the ProPhoto RGB color space and location of the primaries. The D50 [[white point]] is shown in the center. The areas of the triangle that are outside the colored area are imaginary colors.]] | |||
The '''ProPhoto RGB color space''', also known as '''ROMM RGB''' (Reference Output Medium Metric), is an output referred [[RGB color space]] developed by [[Kodak]]. It offers an especially large [[gamut]] designed for use with [[photographic]] output in mind. The ProPhoto RGB color space encompasses over 90% of possible surface colors in the [[International Commission on Illumination|CIE]] [[Lab color space|L*a*b* color space]], and 100% of likely occurring real world surface colors{{dubious|date=May 2013}} making ProPhoto even larger than the [[Wide Gamut RGB color space]]. The ProPhoto RGB primaries were also chosen in order to minimize hue rotations associated with non-linear tone scale operations. One of the downsides to this color space is that approximately 13% of the representable colors are [[imaginary colors]] that do not exist and are not visible colors. | |||
When working in [[color spaces]] with such a large gamut, it is recommended to work in 16-bit color depth to avoid [[posterization]] effects. This will occur more frequently in 8-bit modes as the gradient steps are much larger. | |||
There are two corresponding scene space color encodings known as [[RIMM RGB]] intended to encode standard dynamic range scene space images, and [[ERIMM RGB]] intended to encode extended dynamic range scene space images. | |||
'''ProPhoto RGB (ROMM RGB) Encoding Primaries''' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Color | |||
! CIE x | |||
! CIE y | |||
|- | |||
| red | |||
| 0.7347 | |||
| 0.2653 | |||
|- | |||
| green | |||
| 0.1596 | |||
| 0.8404 | |||
|- | |||
| blue | |||
| 0.0366 | |||
| 0.0001 | |||
|- | |||
| white | |||
| 0.3457 | |||
| 0.3585 | |||
|} | |||
'''Viewing Environment''' | |||
* [[Luminance level]] is in the range of 160–640 cd/m<sup>2</sup>. | |||
* [[Viewing surround]] is average. | |||
* There is 0.5–1.0% [[viewing flare]]. | |||
* The adaptive [[white point]] is specified by the [[chromaticity]] values for CIE Standard Illuminant D50 (x = 0.3457, y = 0.3585). | |||
* The image color values are assumed to be encoded using flareless (or flare corrected) colorimetric measurements based on the CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetric Observer. | |||
'''Encoding Function''' | |||
<math> | |||
X'_{ROMM} = \begin{cases} 0; & X_{ROMM} < 0.0 \\ 16X_{ROMM}I_{MAX}; & 0.0 \le X_{ROMM} < E_t \\ (X_{ROMM})^{1/1.8}I_{MAX}; & E_t \le X_{ROMM}<1.0 \\ I_{MAX}; & X_{ROMM} \ge 1.0 | |||
\end{cases} | |||
</math> | |||
where | |||
<math>X = R, G, or B</math> | |||
and | |||
<math>I_{MAX}</math> is the maximum integer value used in the encoding function (e.g. 255 for 8-bit configuration) | |||
and | |||
<math>E_t = 16^{1.8/(1-1.8)} = 0.001953</math> | |||
==See also== | |||
{{portal box|Color|Computer graphics}} | |||
==External links== | |||
*[http://www.color.org/ROMMRGB.pdf Specification of ROMM RGB] | |||
*[http://luminous-landscape.com/tutorials/prophoto-rgb.shtml Understanding ProPhoto RGB] | |||
*[http://www.naturephotographers.net/articles1203/mh1203-1.html Color Spaces: Beyond Adobe RGB] | |||
*[http://www.outbackphoto.com/color_management/cm_06/essay.html Why Use the ProPhoto RGB Color Space?] | |||
{{Color space}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prophoto Rgb Color Space}} | |||
[[Category:Color space]] | |||
{{color-stub}} | |||
Revision as of 22:49, 3 February 2014
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When working in color spaces with such a large gamut, it is recommended to work in 16-bit color depth to avoid posterization effects. This will occur more frequently in 8-bit modes as the gradient steps are much larger.
There are two corresponding scene space color encodings known as RIMM RGB intended to encode standard dynamic range scene space images, and ERIMM RGB intended to encode extended dynamic range scene space images.
ProPhoto RGB (ROMM RGB) Encoding Primaries
| Color | CIE x | CIE y |
|---|---|---|
| red | 0.7347 | 0.2653 |
| green | 0.1596 | 0.8404 |
| blue | 0.0366 | 0.0001 |
| white | 0.3457 | 0.3585 |
Viewing Environment
- Luminance level is in the range of 160–640 cd/m2.
- Viewing surround is average.
- There is 0.5–1.0% viewing flare.
- The adaptive white point is specified by the chromaticity values for CIE Standard Illuminant D50 (x = 0.3457, y = 0.3585).
- The image color values are assumed to be encoded using flareless (or flare corrected) colorimetric measurements based on the CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetric Observer.
Encoding Function
where
and
is the maximum integer value used in the encoding function (e.g. 255 for 8-bit configuration)
and
See also
External links
- Specification of ROMM RGB
- Understanding ProPhoto RGB
- Color Spaces: Beyond Adobe RGB
- Why Use the ProPhoto RGB Color Space?
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