Baryon acoustic oscillations

"Winter's Formula", named for Dr. R.W. Winters, is a formula used to evaluate respiratory compensation when analyzing acid-base disorders and a metabolic acidosis is present. It can be given as

$P_{C{O}_2}=(1.5\times HC{O}_3^{-})+8\pm 2$,

where HCO3^- is given in units of mEq/L and P_CO2 will be in units of mmHg.

Winter's formula gives an expected value for the patient's P_CO2; the patient's actual (measured) P_CO2is then compared to this.
If the two values correspond, respiratory compensation is considered to be adequate.
If the measured P_CO2 is higher than the calculated value, there is also a primary respiratory acidosis.
If the measured P_CO2 is lower than the calculated value, there is also a primary respiratory alkalosis.

References

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