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| In [[plasma physics]], a '''lower hybrid oscillation''' is a [[longitudinal wave|longitudinal]] oscillation of [[ion]]s and [[electron]]s in a magnetized [[Plasma (physics)|plasma]]. The direction of propagation must be very nearly perpendicular to the stationary [[magnetic field]], within about √(''m''<sub>e</sub>/''m''<sub>i</sub>) [[radian]]s. Otherwise the electrons can move along the [[field line]]s fast enough to [[Electric field screening|shield]] the oscillations in potential, in which case an [[electrostatic ion cyclotron wave]] results. The frequency of oscillation is
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| :<math>\omega = [(\Omega_i\Omega_e)^{-1}+\omega_{pi}^{-2}]^{-1/2}</math>, | |
| where Ω<sub>i</sub> is the ion [[cyclotron frequency]], Ω<sub>e</sub> is the electron cyclotron frequency and ω<sub>pi</sub> is the ion [[plasma frequency]]. This is the '''lower hybrid frequency''', so called because it is a "hybrid", or mixture, of two frequencies. There are also an upper hybrid frequency and [[upper hybrid oscillation]]. The lower hybrid oscillation is unusual in that the ion and electron masses play an equally important role. This mode is relatively unimportant in practice because the necessary precise orientation relative to the magnetic field is seldom achieved. Exceptions are the use of lower hybrid waves to heat [[fusion power|fusion]] plasmas and the lower hybrid drift instability, which was thought to be an important determinant of transport in the [[Field-Reversed Configuration]] (but was not found experimentally<ref>{{Citation |last=Carlson |first=Arthur W. |title=A search for lower-hybrid-drift fluctuations in a field-reversed configuration using CO<sub>2</sub> heterodyne scattering |journal=Physics of Fluids |volume=30 |issue=5 |pages=1497–1509 |year=1987 |doi=10.1063/1.866263 }}</ref>).
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| == See also == | |
| * [[Electrostatic ion cyclotron wave]]
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| * [[Waves in plasmas]]
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| * [[Ion acoustic wave]]
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| * [[Upper hybrid oscillation]]
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| * [[List of plasma (physics) articles]]
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| [[Category:Waves in plasmas]]
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Latest revision as of 04:59, 19 April 2014
I'm a 41 years old and study at the university (Comparative Politics).
In my spare time I learn Japanese. I have been twicethere and look forward to returning sometime near future. I love to read, preferably on my kindle. I really love to watch Sons of Anarchy and Modern Family as well as documentaries about nature. I like Videophilia (Home theater).
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