Fermi coordinates: Difference between revisions
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{{chembox | |||
| Verifiedfields = changed | |||
| Watchedfields = changed | |||
| verifiedrevid = 457118728 | |||
|ImageFile = Disodium hydrogen phosphate.png | |||
| ImageSize = 150px | |||
| IUPACName = Sodium hydrogen phosphate | |||
| OtherNames = Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate<br/>Sodium hydrogen phosphate<br/>Sodium phosphate dibasic<br/>disodium phosphate | |||
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | |||
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| ChemSpiderID = 22625 | |||
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | |||
| UNII = 22ADO53M6F | |||
| InChI = 1/2Na.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-3 | |||
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | |||
| ChEMBL = 1060 | |||
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | |||
| ChEBI = 34683 | |||
| SMILES = [Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O | |||
| InChIKey = BNIILDVGGAEEIG-DFZHHIFOAK | |||
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | |||
| StdInChIKey = BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-K | |||
| StdInChI = 1S/2Na.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-3 | |||
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | |||
| CASNo = 7558-79-4 | |||
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | |||
| CASOther = <br/>10028-24-7 (dihydrate)<br/>7782-85-6 (heptahydrate)<br/>10039-32-4 (dodecahydrate) | |||
| PubChem = 24203 | |||
| EINECS = 231-448-7 | |||
| RTECS = WC4500000 | |||
}} | |||
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | |||
| Formula = Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> | |||
| MolarMass = 141.96 g/mol (anhydrous)<br/>268.07 g/mol (heptahydrate) | |||
| Appearance = White crystalline solid | |||
| Odor = odorless | |||
| Density = 1.7 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | |||
| MeltingPt = 250 °C decomp. | |||
| Solubility = 7.7 g/100 ml (20 °C) <br> 11.8 g/100 mL (25 °C, heptahydrate) | |||
| pKa = 12.35 | |||
}} | |||
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | |||
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1129.htm ICSC 1129] | |||
| EUIndex = Not listed | |||
| NFPA-H = 1 | |||
| NFPA-F = 0 | |||
| NFPA-R = 0 | |||
| MainHazards = Irritant | |||
| FlashPt = Non-flammable | |||
}} | |||
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related | |||
| OtherAnions = [[sodium phosphite]] | |||
| OtherCations = [[Dipotassium phosphate]]<br/>[[Diammonium phosphate]] | |||
| OtherCpds = [[Monosodium phosphate]]<br/>[[Trisodium phosphate]] | |||
}} | |||
}} | |||
'''Disodium hydrogen phosphate''' is the [[inorganic compound]] with the formula Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>. It is one of several [[sodium phosphates]]. The salt is known in anhydrous form as well as forms with 2, 7, 8, and 12 [[water of hydration|hydrates]]. All are water-soluble white powders; the anhydrous salt being [[hygroscopic]].<ref>[http://www.ffcr.or.jp/zaidan/FFCRHOME.nsf/7bd44c20b0dc562649256502001b65e9/916cae3da5a8a11b49256f320018877f/$FILE/D121.pdf Physical data (pdf)]</ref> | |||
==Acid-base properties== | |||
The [[pH]] of disodium hydrogen phosphate water solution is between 8.0 and 11.0, meaning it is [[base (chemistry)|basic]]: | |||
:HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O <math>\overrightarrow{\leftarrow}</math> H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> + OH<sup>-</sup> | |||
==Production and reactions== | |||
It can be generated by neutralization of [[phosphoric acid]] with [[sodium hydroxide]]: | |||
:H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> + 2 NaOH → HNa<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O | |||
Industrially It is prepared in a two-step process by treating [[dicalcium phosphate]] with phosphoric acid, which precipitates [[calcium sulfate]]:<ref name=Ullmann>Klaus Schrödter, Gerhard Bettermann, Thomas Staffel, Friedrich Wahl, Thomas Klein, Thomas Hofmann "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates" in ''Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'' 2008, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3}}</ref> | |||
:CaHPO<sub>4</sub> + NaHSO<sub>4</sub> → NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> + CaSO<sub>4</sub> | |||
In the second step, the resulting solution of monosodium phosphate is partially neutralized: | |||
:NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> + NaOH → HNa<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O | |||
==Uses== | |||
It is used as an in conjunction with [[trisodium phosphate]] in foods and water treatment. In foods, it is used to adjust pH. Its presence prevents coagulation in the preparation of condensed milk. Similarly, it is used as an anti-caking additive in powdered products.<ref>[http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9925023 MSDS]</ref> It is used in desserts and puddings, e.g. [[Cream of Wheat]] to quicken cook time, and Jell-O Instant Pudding for thickening. In water treatment, It retards [[Fouling|calcium scale formation]]. It is also found in some detergents and cleaning agents.<ref name=Ullmann/> | |||
Heating solid disodium phosphate gives the useful compound [[tetrasodium pyrophosphate]]: | |||
:2 HNa<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O | |||
Monobasic and dibasic sodium phosphate are used as a saline laxative to treat constipation or to clean the bowel before a colonoscopy.<ref>[http://wishardhealth.kramesonline.com/Medications/26,1558]</ref> | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
{{Sodium compounds}} | |||
[[Category:Sodium compounds]] | |||
[[Category:Phosphates]] | |||
{{inorganic-compound-stub}} | |||
Revision as of 05:40, 29 January 2014
Disodium hydrogen phosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2HPO4. It is one of several sodium phosphates. The salt is known in anhydrous form as well as forms with 2, 7, 8, and 12 hydrates. All are water-soluble white powders; the anhydrous salt being hygroscopic.[1]
Acid-base properties
The pH of disodium hydrogen phosphate water solution is between 8.0 and 11.0, meaning it is basic:
- HPO42- + H2O H2PO4- + OH-
Production and reactions
It can be generated by neutralization of phosphoric acid with sodium hydroxide:
- H3PO42- + 2 NaOH → HNa2PO4 + 2 H2O
Industrially It is prepared in a two-step process by treating dicalcium phosphate with phosphoric acid, which precipitates calcium sulfate:[2]
- CaHPO4 + NaHSO4 → NaH2PO4 + CaSO4
In the second step, the resulting solution of monosodium phosphate is partially neutralized:
- NaH2PO4 + NaOH → HNa2PO4 + H2O
Uses
It is used as an in conjunction with trisodium phosphate in foods and water treatment. In foods, it is used to adjust pH. Its presence prevents coagulation in the preparation of condensed milk. Similarly, it is used as an anti-caking additive in powdered products.[3] It is used in desserts and puddings, e.g. Cream of Wheat to quicken cook time, and Jell-O Instant Pudding for thickening. In water treatment, It retards calcium scale formation. It is also found in some detergents and cleaning agents.[2]
Heating solid disodium phosphate gives the useful compound tetrasodium pyrophosphate:
- 2 HNa2PO4 → Na4P2O7 + H2O
Monobasic and dibasic sodium phosphate are used as a saline laxative to treat constipation or to clean the bowel before a colonoscopy.[4]
References
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- ↑ Physical data (pdf)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Klaus Schrödter, Gerhard Bettermann, Thomas Staffel, Friedrich Wahl, Thomas Klein, Thomas Hofmann "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2008, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Electronic Instrument Positions Staff (Standard ) Cameron from Clarence Creek, usually spends time with hobbies and interests which include knotting, property developers in singapore apartment For sale and boomerangs. Has enrolled in a world contiki journey. Is extremely thrilled specifically about visiting .
- ↑ MSDS
- ↑ [1]