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| {{New Testament manuscript infobox
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| | form = Papyrus
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| | number= <math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>37</sup>
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| | image = Papyrus 37 - recto.jpg
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| | isize = 220
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| | caption= recto Matt 26:19-37
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| | name =
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| | text = [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] 26:19-52
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| | date = ~ 260 CE; 3rd/4th century
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| | found = Unknown, bought in Cairo in 1924
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| | now at= [[University of Michigan]]
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| | cite = H. A. Sanders, ''An Early Papyrus Fragment of the Gospel of Matthew in the Michigan Collection'', ''[[Harvard Theological Review|HTR]].'' vol. 19. 1926, pp. 215-226.
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| | size = 1 leaf; 12 x 22 cm; 33 lines/page
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| | type = Free, mostly Western, Egyptian
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| | cat = I
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| | hand = documentary
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| | note =
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| }}
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| '''Papyrus 37''' designated by '''<math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>37</sup>''' (in the [[Biblical manuscript#Gregory-Aland|Gregory-Aland]] numbering) is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a [[papyrus]] [[manuscript]] of the [[Gospel of Matthew]] dating to the 3rd century, sometime around 250-260 CE, due to its affinities with '''<math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>53</sup>''' (dated to 260 CE), The correspondence of Heroninos (dated shortly before or after 260 CE) and a letter by Kopres (P. Greco-Egizi 208, dated 256 CE).<ref>Philip W Comfort and David P Barrett. ''The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts''. Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers Incorporated, 2001, pp. 141, 369.</ref><ref name = INTF>{{Cite web|url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=10037|title= Liste Handschriften|publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research|accessdate=26 August 2011|location=Münster}} </ref> | |
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| == Description ==
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| It is currently housed at the [[University of Michigan Library|University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Library]] (inventory #1570), and was purchased in Cairo, Egypt, in 1924. Its exact origin is unknown, but it most likely came from Egypt. The manuscript is a fragment of a single leaf consisting of one column of 33 lines (40 to 50 characters per line), roughly 12.1 cm by 22.4 cm. The fragment is damaged on all sides with considerable [[Lacuna (manuscripts)|lacunae]] and was probably originally 15 cm by 25.5 cm. The surviving text of Matthew are verses 26:19-52. This portion of Matthew depicts the [[Last Supper]], the betrayal by Judas, and the beginning of the [[Arrest of Jesus]].
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| [[File:Papyrus 37 - verso.jpg|thumb|left|verso]]
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| The papyrus uses a legible, cursive-like script with irregular character linking. The cursive letters resemble the cursive that was common between the years 200 and 350. There are many variations in the letters, which makes a precise dating based on [[paleography]] difficult. The writer was most likely literate and educated because the letters do not appear crude or imitative, but the irregularities suggest the writer was not an experienced [[scribe]]. The handwriting is similar to personal letters and documents from the mid 3rd century.
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| Certain [[nomina sacra]] (<span style="text-decoration: overline">ΚΕ</span> <span style="text-decoration: overline">ΙΗΣ</span> <span style="text-decoration: overline">ΠΝΑ</span> <span style="text-decoration: overline">ΙΗΣΥ</span>) are employed in the text. There are no punctuation or accent marks. There are, however, dots that appear in irregular intervals, placed in the text by a later hand, apparently to help reading. This suggests that the manuscript was used at one point in church. Because the manuscript is so short, it is difficult to gauge the regularity of the dots, or their purpose for certain.
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| The text-type is most follows [[Western text-type|Western]] readings. By Sander's count, there are 85 extant variants in this portion of Matthew. 18 of those readings are supported by nearly all manuscripts. 11 are unique to the manuscript. The remaining 56 fall within Western, [[Alexandrian text-type|Alexandrian]], and [[Caesarean text-type|Caesarean]] text-types. The text has to be reconstructed in places of lacuna by comparing the amount of space missing to the number of letters in various readings. Based on the reading variations, the text most likely originated in Egypt.
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| [[Kurt Aland|Aland]] placed this manuscript in [[Categories of New Testament manuscripts#Category I|Category I]].<ref name = Aland>{{Cite book
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| |last=Aland
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| |first=Kurt
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| |authorlink=Kurt Aland
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| |coauthors=[[Barbara Aland]]; Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.)
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| |title=The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism
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| |publisher=[[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company]]
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| |year=1995
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| |location=Grand Rapids
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| |page=98
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| |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=2pYDsAhUOxAC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
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| |isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref>
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| == See also ==
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| * [[List of New Testament papyri]]
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| == References ==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| == Further reading ==
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| * Sanders, Henry A., [http://www.jstor.org/pss/1507606 ''An Early Papyrus Fragment of the Gospel of Matthew in the Michigan Collection''], ''Harvard Theological Review.'' vol. 19. 1926, pp. 215–226.
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| * [[Ernst von Dobschütz|E. von Dobschuetz]], ZNW 25 (1926) p. 301.
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| == External links ==
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| University of Michigan Library entry, with scanned images:
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| * [http://images.umdl.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=ic_all;op2=And;rgn2=ic_all;op3=And;rgn3=ic_all;c=apis;back=back1178851945;subview=detail;resnum=1;view=entry;lastview=reslist;cc=apis;entryid=x-1469;viewid=1570V.TIF;start=1;q1=1570;chaperone=S-APIS-X-1469%201570V.TIF verso]
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| * [http://images.umdl.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=ic_all;op2=And;rgn2=ic_all;op3=And;rgn3=ic_all;c=apis;back=back1178851945;resnum=1;view=entry;lastview=reslist;cc=apis;entryid=x-1469;viewid=1570V.TIF;start=1;q1=1570;chaperone=S-APIS-X-1469%201570V.TIF;np=next;evl=description recto]
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Papyrus 0037}}
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| [[Category:New Testament papyri]]
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| [[Category:Egyptian papyri|Papyrus 037]]
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