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{{New Testament manuscript infobox
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| form  = Minuscule
| number = '''436'''
| image  =
| isize  =
| caption=
| name  =
| sign  =
| text  = [[Acts of the Apostles|Acts]], [[Pauline epistles]]
| script = [[Greek language|Greek]]
| date  = 11th century
| found  =
| now at = [[Vatican Library]]
| cite  =
| size   = {{×|20.8|16.3|cm}}
| type  = [[Alexandrian text-type]]
| cat    = III
| hand  =
| note  =
}}
 
'''Minuscule 436''' (in the [[Biblical manuscript#Gregory-Aland|Gregory-Aland]] numbering), α 172 (in the [[Biblical manuscript#Von Soden|Soden]] numbering),<ref name = Gregory1908>{{cite book|last=Gregory|first=Caspar René|authorlink=Caspar René Gregory|title=Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament|url=http://www.archive.org/stream/diegriechischen00greggoog#page/n75/mode/2up|year=1908|publisher=J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung|location=Leipzig|page=64}}</ref> is a [[Greek language|Greek]] [[Lower case|minuscule]] [[manuscript]] of the [[New Testament]], on parchment. [[Palaeography|Palaeographically]] it has been assigned to the 11th or 12th century.<ref name = Aland>{{Cite book
| last = Aland
| first = K.
| authorlink = Kurt Aland
| coauthors = M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack
| title = Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments
| publisher = [[Walter de Gruyter]]
| year = 1994
| location = Berlin, New York
| page = 73
| url =
| doi =
| id =
| isbn = 3-11-011986-2 }}</ref>  
Formerly it was labelled by 73<sup>a</sup> and 80<sup>p</sup>.  
 
== Description ==
 
The codex contains the text of the [[Acts of the Apostles]], [[Catholic epistles]], and [[Pauline epistles]] on 165 parchment leaves ({{×|20.8|16.3|cm}}) with only one [[Lacuna (manuscript)|lacuna]] ([[Epistle to Philemon]]). Written in one column per page, in 30 lines per page.<ref name = Aland/> The leaves are arranged in [[quarto]].{{r|Gregory}}
 
It contains Prolegomena, lists of the κεφαλαια (''tables of contents'') before each book, [[Menaion]], lectionary markings at the margin (for church reading), [[Synaxarion]], [[Menologion]], and [[Stichometry|stichoi]].<ref name = Gregory>{{Cite book
| last = Gregory
| first = Caspar René
| authorlink = Caspar René Gregory
| title = Textkritik des Neuen Testaments
| publisher = Hinrichs
| year = 1900
| location = Leipzig
| volume = 1
| page = 270
| url = http://www.archive.org/details/textkritikdesne00greggoog
| isbn = }}</ref>  
 
The order of books: Acts, [[Catholic epistles]], [[Pauline epistles]] ([[Epistle to the Hebrews|Hebrews]], [[First Epistle to Timothy|1 Timothy]]).<ref name = Gregory/>
 
== Text ==
 
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the [[Alexandrian text-type]] with numerous allies reading. [[Kurt Aland|Aland]] placed it in [[Categories of New Testament manuscripts#Category III|Category III]].<ref>{{Cite book
| last = Aland
| first = Kurt
| authorlink = Kurt Aland
| coauthors = [[Barbara Aland]]; Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.)
| title = The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism
  | publisher = [[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company]]
| year = 1995
| location = Grand Rapids
| page = 133
| url =
| isbn = 978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref>
 
According to [[F. H. A. Scrivener]] it is an excellent manuscript.<ref name = Scrivener/> According to [[Caspar René Gregory|Gregory]] its text is good.<ref name = Gregory/>
 
In [[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]] 8:1 it has singular reading Ιησου κατα σαρκα περιπατουσιν αλλα κατα πνευμα, majority of manuscripts reads Ιησου μη κατα σαρκα περιπατουσιν αλλα κατα πνευμα.<ref>''The Greek New Testament'', ed. K. Aland, A. Black, [[Carlo Maria Martini|C. M. Martini]], B. M. Metzger, and [[Allen Wikgren|A. Wikgren]], in cooperation with INTF, ''United Bible Societies'', 3rd edition, (Stuttgart 1983), p. 548. [UBS3]</ref>  
 
In 1 Corinthians 2:1 it reads μυστηριον along with [[Papyrus 46|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>46</sup>]], [[Codex Sinaiticus|א]], [[Codex Alexandrinus|Α]], [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]], [[Minuscule 88|88]], it<sup>a,r</sup>, [[Peshitta|syr<sup>p</sup>]], cop<sup>bo</sup>. Other manuscripts read μαρτυριον or σωτηριον.<ref>UBS3, p. 581. </ref>
 
In [[First Epistle to Timothy|1 Timothy]] 3:16 it has textual variant {{lang|grc|θεός ἐφανερώθη}} (''God manifested'') (Sinaiticus<sup>e</sup>, A<sup>2</sup>, C<sup>2</sup>, [[Codex Claromontanus|D<sup>c</sup>]], [[Codex Mosquensis I|K]], [[Codex Angelicus|L]], [[Codex Porphyrianus|P]], [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]], [[Minuscule 81|81]], [[Minuscule 104|104]], [[Minuscule 181|181]], [[Minuscule 326|326]], [[Minuscule 330|330]], [[Minuscule 451|451]], [[Minuscule 614|614]], [[Minuscule 629|629]], [[Minuscule 630|630]], 1241, [[Minuscule 1739|1739]], 1877, 1881, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect), against ὃς ἐφανερώθη (''he was manifested'') supported by Sinaiticus, [[Codex Alexandrinus]], [[Codex Ephraemi|Ephraemi]], [[Codex Boernerianus|Boernerianus]], 33, [[Minuscule 365|365]], [[Minuscule 442|442]], 2127, [[Lectionary 599|'''ℓ''' ''599'']].<ref>Bruce M. Metzger, ''A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament'' ([[Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft]]: Stuttgart 2001), pp. 573-573. </ref><ref>[http://www.bible-researcher.com/alexandrinus4.html 1 Timothy 3:16 in Codex Alexandrinus] at the Bible Research</ref>
 
In 2 Timothy 4:10 it reads Γαλλιαν, along with Sinaiticus C [[Minuscule 81|81]] 104 326; other manuscript read Γαλατιαν.<ref>UBS3, p. 737. </ref>
 
In Hebrews 8:11 it reads πλησιον for πολιτην — [[Codex Porphyrianus|P]], [[Minuscule 81|81]], [[Minuscule 104|104]], [[Minuscule 629|629]], [[Minuscule 630|630]], and 1985.<ref>UBS3, pp. 761-762. </ref>
 
== History ==
 
The manuscript was used by Caryophilus.<ref name = Scrivener>{{Cite book
| last = Scrivener
| first = Frederick Henry Ambrose
| authorlink = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
| coauthors = Edward Miller
| title = [[A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament]]
| publisher = [[George Bell & Sons]]
| year = 1894
| location = London
| volume = 1
| page = 290
| url =
| isbn = }}</ref>
It was examined by [[Andreas Birch|Birch]] and [[Johann Martin Augustin Scholz|Scholz]]. [[C. R. Gregory]] saw it in 1886.<ref name = Gregory/>
 
The manuscript was added to the list of the New Testament manuscripts by [[Johann Martin Augustin Scholz|Scholz]] (1794-1852).<ref>{{Cite book
| last = Scrivener
| first = Frederick Henry Ambrose
| authorlink = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
| coauthors =
| title = [[A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament]]
| publisher = [[George Bell & Sons]]
| year = 1894
| location = London
| volume = 1
| page = 322
| url =
| doi =
| id =
| isbn = }}</ref>
 
Formerly it was labelled by 73<sup>a</sup> and 80<sup>p</sup>. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 436 to it.<ref name = Gregory1908/>
 
The codex is cited in critical editions of the [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Greek New Testament]] (NA26).<ref>NA26, p. 705. </ref>
 
It is currently housed at the [[Vatican Library]] (Vat. gr. 367) in [[Rome]].<ref name = Aland/>
 
== See also ==
 
{{Portal|Bible}}
* [[List of New Testament minuscules]]
* [[Biblical manuscript]]
* [[Textual criticism]]
 
== References ==
 
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Refbegin}}
{{Refend}}
 
== Further reading ==
 
* M. Davies, ''The Text of the Pauline Epistles in MS. 2344'' (''Studies & Documents'' 38, 1968) collates 436 for Paul, and discusses its relationship with 330, 462, and especially 2344.
 
== External links ==
 
* [http://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/Manuscripts1-500.html#m436 Minuscule 436] at the ''Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism''
 
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0436}}
[[Category:Greek New Testament minuscules]]
[[Category:11th-century biblical manuscripts]]
[[Category:Manuscripts of the Vatican Library]]

Latest revision as of 05:17, 24 July 2014

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