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{{Events by month|1962}}
 
[[File:Rolling Stones 1965.jpg|150px|thumb|left|July 12, 1962: The Rolling Stones debut]]
[[File:Starfish Prime aurora from Honolulu 1.jpg|300px|thumb|right|July 9, 1962: Hawaii receives EMP from distant nuclear test]]
[[File:Walmartlogo2.png|150px|thumb|left|July 2, 1962: First Wal-Mart Discount City opens]]
[[File:Storax Sedan nuke.jpg|300px|thumb|right|July 6, 1962:Nevada crater dug by nuclear test]]
[[File:Sedan Plowshare Crater.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Sedan Crater, 1200 feet wide, 320 feet deep]]
 
The following events occurred in [[July]], [[1962]]
 
==[[July 1]], 1962 (Sunday)==
*[[Rwanda]] and [[Burundi]] gained independence.<ref>"African Nations Born as Belgian Rule Ends", ''Milwaukee Journal'', July 1, 1962, p5</ref>
*Supporters of [[Algeria]]n independence won a 90% majority in a [[referendum]].<ref>"Freedom From France", ''Sydney Morning Herald'', July 4, 1962, p3</ref>
*[[Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo]] became [[President of El Salvador]].  He had been the only candidate in elections on April 29.<ref>"Rivera Sworn In El Salvador", ''Spartanburg (SC) Herald'', , July 1, 1962, p14</ref>
*The Treaty of [[Nordic countries|Nordic]] Cooperation of [[Helsinki]] (signed 23 [[March 1962]]) came into force.
*[[Saskatchewan Doctors' Strike]]: The first Canadian [[Medicare (Canada)|Medicare]] plan was launched in [[Saskatchewan]], resulting in great protests by doctors.<ref>"Doctors Strike In Province", ''Miami News'', July 2, 1962, p1</ref>  Thousands of citizens joined the protests against compulsory health care ten days later.<ref>"Thousands Protest MD Plan", ''Miami News'', July 11, 1962, p1</ref>
*[[Bruce McLaren]] won the [[1962 Reims Grand Prix]].  McClaren of New Zealand, a former rugby player turned race car driver, finished the 250 mile course in 2 hours, 2 seconds.<ref>"McLaren Wins Reims Classic", ''Youngstown (OH) Vindicator'', July 2, 1962, p13</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Bidhan Chandra Roy]], 80, Indian politician and [[Chief Minister of West Bengal]] since 1948.
 
==[[July 2]], 1962 (Monday)==
*The first [[Walmart]] store, opened as [[Walmart|Wal-Mart Discount City]] in [[Rogers, Arkansas]], by [[Sam Walton]].  By 1970, there were 38 Wal-Mart stores;<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/walmart/transform/cron.html "The Rise of Wal-Mart"], Frontline, November 16, 2004</ref>  After 50 years, there were more than 10,000 stores in 27 countries.<ref>[http://www.walmartstores.com/AboutUs/297.aspx "About Us"], WalmartStores.com]</ref>
 
==[[July 3]], 1962 (Tuesday)==
*France and its President, [[Charles de Gaulle]] recognized the independence of Algeria, with the signing of the declartion at a meeting of the French Cabinet.<ref>"Algeria Free- Still Fighting; France Leaves After 132 Years", ''Miami News'', July 3, 1962, p1</ref>
*The [[Chichester Festival Theatre]], Britain's first large modern theatre with a thrust stage, opened. [[Laurence Olivier]] was the first artistic director.
*The [[1962 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships]] opened in Prague and ran until July 8.
*'''Born:''' [[Tom Cruise]], American actor, in [[Syracuse, New York]]
 
==[[July 4]], 1962 (Wednesday)==
*The [[Burma Socialist Programme Party]] was established by [[Ne Win]]'s military regime.<ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/obl/docs/BSPP_CONSTITUTION.htm "The Constitution of the Burma Socialist Programme Party"]</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Neil Morrissey]], English comedian and actor, in [[Stafford]]; and [[Pam Shriver]], American tennis player, winner of multiple women's doubles championships with Martina Navratilova; in [[Baltimore]]
 
==[[July 5]], 1962 (Thursday)==
*After [[Algeria]]'s independence was recognized by [[France]], the [[Oran massacre of 1962|Oran massacre]] took place at Oran, the section of Algiers where most French Algerians lived.  The official estimate of the death toll was 20 French Algerians and 75 Algerians killed.<ref>Benjamin Stora, ''Algeria, 1830-2000: A Short History'' (Cornell University Press, 2004) p105</ref>
*The French Assembly voted 241-72 to remove the immunity against arrest and prosecution that former Prime Minister [[Georges Bidault]] had in [[April 1961]], when he called for the overthrow of President [[Charles De Gaulle]], clearing the way for indictment of Bidault for treason.  Bidault had fled to exile in Italy.<ref>"French Assembly Strips Bidault Of His Parliamentary Immunity", ''New York Times'', July 6, 1962, p3</ref>
*[[George Ignatieff]] replaced [[Jules Léger]] as Canada's ambassador to NATO.
 
==[[July 6]], 1962 (Friday)==
*Irish broadcaster [[Gay Byrne]] presented his first edition of ''[[The Late Late Show]]''.<ref>[http://www.rte.ie/tv/latelate/50thanniversary.html "The Late Late Show - 50th Anniversary Special"]</ref>  Byrne would go on to present the [[talk show]] for 37 years making Byrne the longest running TV talk show host in history.
*'''Died:''' [[William Faulkner]], 64, American novelist and 1950 Nobel laureate; and [[Roger Degueldre]], 37, former French Army officer who rebelled to form the OAS Delta Commandos, executed by firing squad
 
==[[July 7]], 1962 (Saturday)==
*[[Alitalia Flight 771]] crashed into a hill about 84&nbsp;km north-east of [[Mumbai]], killing all 94 people aboard.<ref>"JETLINER VANISHES, 94 ABOARD", ''Miami News'', July 7, 1962, p1</ref>
*A [[Soviet Air Force]] [[Mikoyan-Gurevich Ye-152]] set a new airspeed record of 2,681&nbsp;km/h (1,666&nbsp;mph).
*In Burma, the government of General [[Ne Win]] forcibly broke up a demonstration at [[Yangon University|Rangoon University]], killing 15 students and wounding 27.<ref>"15 Students Killed During Burma Riots", ''Toledo Blade'', July 9, 1962, p1</ref>
 
==[[July 8]], 1962 (Sunday)==
*In the most important symbolic gesture of post-war French-German unity, President [[Charles de Gaulle]] of France and Chancellor [[Konrad Adenauer]] of West Germany, both devout Catholics, attended mass at the [[Reims Cathedral]] and prayed together.  The Cathedral was where the Emperor common to both nations, Carolus Magnus - [[Charlemagne]] in France and [[Karl der Große]] in Germany - had been baptised at Reims.<ref>"Old Foes Parade In Reims", ''Ottawa Citizen'', July 9, 1962, p1; William Kidd and Brian Murdoch, ''Memory and Memorials: The Commemorative Century'' (Ashgate Publishing, 2004) p266</ref>
*The [[1962 French Grand Prix]] was held at Rouen-Les-Essarts and won by [[Dan Gurney]] of the United States.<ref>"Grand Prix Win to U.S. Driver", ''The Age'' (Melbourne), July 10, 1962, p10</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Joan Osborne]], American singer-songwriter, in [[Anchorage, Kentucky]]
*'''Died:''' [[Georges Bataille]], 64, French philosopher
 
==[[July 9]], 1962 (Monday)==
*[[Starfish Prime]]: The United States exploded a 1.4 megaton hydrogen bomb in outer space, sending the  warhead on a Titan missile to an altitude of 248 miles over [[Johnston Island]].<ref>Peter Goodchild, ''Edward Teller, the Real Dr. Strangelove'' (Harvard University Press, 2004) p300</ref> The first two attempts at exploding a nuclear missile above the Earth had failed.  The flash was visible in Hawaii, 750 miles away, and scientists discovered the destructive effects of the first major manmade [[electromagnetic pulse]] (EMP), as a surge of electrons burned out streetlights, blew fuses, and disrupted communications.<ref>"U.S. Fires H-Bomb In Sky", ''Miami News'', July 9, 1962, p1; "U.S. Explodes Warhead 200 Miles Above Earth", ''Ottawa Citizen'', July 9, 1962, p1</ref>  Increasing radiation in some places one hundredfold, the EMP damaged at least ten orbiting satellites beyond repair.<ref>
Ann Garrison Darrin and Beth Laura O'Leary, ''Handbook of Space Engineering, Archaeology, and Heritage'' (CRC Press, 2009) p536</ref>
*American artist [[Andy Warhol]] first presented his ''[[Campbell's Soup Cans]]'' at the [[Ferus Gallery]] in Los Angeles.<ref>[http://www.warhola.com/biography.html "The Andy Warhol Family Album"]</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Reginald Somerset Ward]], 81, English Anglican spiritualist
 
==[[July 10]], 1962 (Tuesday)==
[[File:Telstar.jpg|200px|left|thumb|Telstar]]
*[[AT&T]]'s [[Telstar]], the world's first commercial [[communications satellite]], was launched into orbit from Cape Canaveral at 3:35 a.m. local time, and activated that night.<ref>"TV Relay Satellite Streaks Into Orbit", ''Miami News'', July 10, 1962, p1</ref> The first image transmitted between continents was a black-and-white photo of the American flag  <ref>Vaclav Smil, ''Transforming the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations And Their Consequences'' (Oxford University Press, 2006) p310;  [http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=71XFh8zZwT8C&dat=19620711&printsec=frontpage&hl=en "The Story Sent From Satellite ...And This Picture, Too]", ''Miami News'', July 11, 1962, p1</ref>  sent from the U.S. transmitter at [[Andover, Maine]], to [[Pleumeur-Bodou]] in France.<ref name=Bray>John Bray, ''Innovation and the Communications Revolution: From the Victorian Pioneers to Broadband Internet'' (IET, 2002) pp213-214</ref>
*The All-Channel Television Receiver Bill was signed into law, requiring that all televisions made in the United States to be able to receive both VHF signals (channels 2 to 13 on 30 to 300&nbsp;MHz) and UHF (channels 14 to 83, on frequencies between 470 to 896&nbsp;MHz).  The result was to open hundreds of new television channels.<ref>Max D. Paglin, ''The Communications Act: A Legislative History of the Major Amendments, 1934-1996'' (Pike & Fischer, 1999)  p190</ref>
*One of the spans in the [[Kings Bridge]] in [[Melbourne]], Australia, collapsed after a 45 ton vehicle passed over it, only 15 months after the multi-lane highway bridge's opening on April 12, 1961.  The collapse occurred immediately after the driver of the vehicle had passed over the span, and nobody was hurt.<ref>"£4m KINGS BRIDGE CLOSED INDEFINITELY", ''The Age'' (Melbourne), July 11, 1962, p1; Björn Åkesson, ''Understanding Bridge Collapses''
(CRC Press, 2008) p132</ref>
*Francisco Brochado de Rocha was approved as the new [[Prime Minister of Brazil]] by a 215-58vote of Parliament.<ref>"New Premier OK'd, Brazil Crisis Ends", ''Miami News'', July 10, 1962, p4A</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Tommy Milton]], 68, American racecar driver and first to win the Indianapolis 500 twice (1921, 1923), by suicide
 
==[[July 11]], 1962 (Wednesday)==
*The first person to swim across the [[English Channel]] underwater, without surfacing, arrived in Sandwich Bay of Dover 18 hours after departing from Calais.  Fred Baldasare wore scuba gear and was assisted by a guiding ship in the use of oxygen tanks.<ref>"Floridian Swims Channel", ''Miami News'', July 11, 1962, p1</ref>
*The [[Chinese Maritime Institute]] was founded in Taiwan.
*In the British peerage, the [[Hooper Baronets|Hooper Baronetcy]], of Tenterden in the County of Kent, was created for Frederic Hooper, Managing Director of the Schweppes Group of Companies.
*'''Born:''' [[Pauline McLynn]], Irish actress, in Sligo
*'''Died:''' [[Owen D. Young]], 87, American businessman who founded [[Radio Corporation of America]] (RCA) and cofounded the [[National Broadcasting Company]] (NBC); and [[René Maison]], 66, Belgian operatic tenor
 
==[[July 12]], 1962 (Thursday)==
*The [[Rolling Stones]] made their debut at London's [[Marquee Club]], Number 165 Oxford Street, opening for the first time under that name, for [[Long John Baldry]].  [[Mick Jagger]], [[Brian Jones]], [[Keith Richards]], [[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]], [[Dick Taylor]] and [[Tony Chapman]] had played together for the group [[Blues Incorporated]] before creating a new name inspired by the [[Muddy Waters]] 1950 single "[[Rollin' Stone]]".<ref>Vladimir Bogdanov, et al., ''All Music Guide to the Blues: The Definitive Guide to the Blues'' (Hal Leonard Corporation, 2003) p476</ref>
*The first telephone signals carried by satellite were made from by engineers between [[Goonhilly]] in the U.K. and Andover, Maine.<ref name=Bray/>
*[[Macel Leilani Wilson]] won the [[Miss USA 1962]] beauty pageant at Long Beach, California.
*'''Born:''' [[Julio César Chávez]], Mexican boxer, WBC champion at three levels (super featherweight, lightweight, light welterweight and welterweight) between 1984 and 1996, in [[Ciudad Obregón]]
*'''Died:''' [[James T. Blair, Jr.]], 60, Governor of Missouri 1957-61, along with his wife, of accidental carbon monoxide poisioning at his home, near Jefferson City, Missouri.<ref>"Ex-Governor of Missouri Found Dead", ''Miami News'', July 12, 1962, p2</ref>
 
==[[July 13]], 1962 (Friday)==
*With his popularity declining, British Prime Minister [[Harold Macmillan]] fired seven senior members of his cabinet, including Chancellor of the Exchequer [[Selwyn Lloyd]], the [[Lord Chancellor]], the Ministers of Defence and Education, and the Secretary of State for Scotland.  The move was unprecedented in United Kingdom history, and was followed by the firing of nine junior ministers on Monday.<ref>"Changes in the Cabinet - Mr Selwyn Lloyd Replaced", ''Glasgow Herald'', July 14, 1962, p1; "U.K. CABINET SENSATION- 7 lose jobs in purge", ''Sydney Sun-Herald'', July 15, 1962, p1; "Mac the Knife...And How He Must Answer To A Victim", ''Miami News'', July 16, 1962, p1</ref>  Liberal MP [[Jeremy Thorpe]] would quip, "Greater love hath no man than this, that he lay down his friends for his life."<ref>Bernard Wasserstein, ''Barbarism and Civilization: A History of Europe in Our Time'' (Oxford University Press, 2007) p536</ref>  The British press would dub the event Macmillan's "[[Night of the Long Knives (1962)|Night of the Long Knives]]".<ref>Samuel Berlinski, et al., ''Accounting for Ministers: Scandal and Survival in British Government 1945-2007'' (Cambridge University Press, 2012) p95</ref>
*[[AT&T]] President Eugene McNeely inaugurated international phone calling via satellite in a conversation with French [[Minister of Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones]] Jacques Marette.  On Telstar's next orbit, McNeely spoke with Sir Ronald German, the [[British Post Office]] Director-General.<ref name=Lafleur>[http://claudelafleur.qc.ca/Spacecrafts-1962.html "Spacecrafts Launched in 1962"], Spacecraft Encylcopedia, Claude LeFleur</ref>
*[[Secretary General of the United Nations]] [[U Thant]] arrived in [[Dublin]], and paid tribute to Irish soldiers who fought in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo]].
*Burmese leader [[Ne Win]] left the country for a trip to [[Austria]], [[Switzerland]] and the [[United Kingdom]], "for a medical check up".<ref>News items in ''[[The Guardian]]'' and ''The Nation'' of July 14, 1962</ref>
 
==[[July 14]], 1962 (Saturday)==
*A 1958 Pakistan law, banning all political parties, was repealed by a National Assembly resolution, amending the Constitution of 1962.  The only requirement was that a party could not "prejudice Islamic ideology or the stability or integrity of Pakistan, and could not receive any aid from a foreign nation.<ref>''Party, Government and Freedom in the Muslim World'' (Brill Archive, 1968) p21</ref>
*In the third match of the [[Rugby League]] Test series between Australia and Great Britain, held at [[Sydney Cricket Ground]], a controversial last-minute Australian try and the subsequent conversion resulted in an 18-17 win for Australia.<ref>"Last-minute victory to Aust. in exciting R.L. test- Inquiry held", ''Sydney Sun-Herald'', July 15, 1962, p3</ref>
*[[Henry Brooke, Baron Brooke of Cumnor|Henry Brooke]] became the new UK [[Home Secretary]] in Harold Macmillan's reshuffled cabinet.
*The [[Miss Universe 1962]] beauty pageant took place at Miami Beach, Florida, USA, and was won by [[Norma Nolan]] of Argentina.<ref>"Miss Argentina Most Beautiful In World", ''Miami News'', July 15, 1962, p1</ref>
 
==[[July 15]], 1962 (Sunday)==
*The [[1962 Tour de France]] concluded in Paris, and was won by [[Jacques Anquetil]] for the third time.<ref>[http://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1962.htm "49th Tour de France 1962"]</ref>
*The ''Washington Post'' broke the story of [[thalidomide]] tablets that had been distributed in the United States, in a story by Morton Mintz under the headline "Heroine of FDA Keeps Bad Drug Off Market".  As a result of the publicity, more than 2.5&nbsp;million thalidomide pills, that had been distributed to physicians by the Richardson-Merrell pharmaceutical company pending approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, were recalled.  Although thousands of babies were born with defects in Europe, the FDA identified only 17 known cases in the United States.<ref>Philip J. Hilts, ''Protecting America's Health: The Fda, Business, and One Hundred Years of Regulation''
(UNC Press Books, 2004) pp157-158</ref>
*Radiation killed all six animals, sent up 24 hours earlier by NASA, in the first test of whether astronauts could safely endure prolonged exposure to [[cosmic rays]].  The two monkeys and four hamsters had been inside a space capsule that had been kept at an altitude of 131,000 feet by a balloon.<ref>"Balloon Animals Die Testing Cosmic Rays", ''Miami News'', July 16, 1962, p1</ref>
 
==[[July 16]], 1962 (Monday)==
*French explorer [[Michel Siffre]] conducted a [[long-term experiment]] of [[chronobiology]], the perception of the passage of time in the absence of information, entering an underground cave and staying for two months.  While inside, he used a one-way field telephone to signal to researchers when he was going to sleep, when he was getting up, and how much time had passed between events during his waking hours.  He was brought back out on September 14, 1962, sixty days later; according to his diary, he thought only 35 days had passed and that the date was August 20.<ref>Stefan Klein, ''The Secret Pulse of Time: Making Sense of Life's Scarcest Commodity'' (Da Capo Press, 2009) pp2-8; [http://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/30/foer.php "Caveman: An Interview with Michel Siffre"], by Joshua Foer and Michel Siffre, ''The Underground'' (Summer 2008)</ref><ref>[http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_11/a_11_p/a_11_p_hor/a_11_p_hor.html "Chronobiology"], Canadian Institute of Health Research</ref>
 
==[[July 17]], 1962 (Tuesday)==
*Major [[Robert M. White]] (USAF) piloted an [[North American X-15]] to a record altitude of 314,750 feet (59 miles, 96&nbsp;km),<ref>"X-15 Zooms 58 Miles Up- White's An Astronaut", ''Miami News'', July 17, 1962, p1</ref> narrowly missing the 100 kilometer altitude [[Kármán line]] that defines [[outer space]], but passing the 50 mile altitude mark that NASA used to define the threshold of space.  The record of 67 miles would be set by Joe Walker on [[July 1963|July 19, 1963]].<ref>Tim Furniss, ''A History of Space Exploration: And Its Future'' (Globe Pequot, 2003) p40</ref>
*[[Nuclear testing]]: The "Small Boy" test shot [[Little Feller I]] became the final atmospheric nuclear test by the United States.<ref>Jennifer A. Sandlin, ''Handbook of Public Pedagogy: Education and Learning Beyond Schooling'' (Taylor & Francis, 2010) p268</ref>
*The U.S. Senate voted 52-48 against further consideration of President Kennedy's proposed plan for [[Medicare (United States)|Medicare]], government-subsidized health care for persons drawing social security benefits.<ref>"Senate Vote Kills Medicare 52-48", ''Miami News'', July 17, 1962, p1</ref>  Two liberal U.S. Senators had switched sides, preventing a 50-50 tie that would have been broken in favor of Medicare by Vice-President Johnson; as President, Johnson would sign Medicare into law effective July 30, 1965.<ref>Michael Meagher and Larry D. Gragg, ''John F. Kennedy: A Biography'' (ABC-CLIO, 2011) p118</ref>
*Four years after [[USS Nautilus (SSN-571)|USS ''Nautilus'']] had become the first submarine to reach the geographic [[North Pole]], the Soviet Union reached the Pole with a sub for the first time, with the submarine K-3 (later renamed the ''[[Leninsky Komsomol]]'')  <ref>Norman Polmar and Jurrien Noot, ''Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies, 1718-1990'' (Naval Institute Press, 1991) p170</ref>
*The [[Eritrean Liberation Front]] staged its first major attack in seeking to separate Eritrea from Ethiopia, by throwing a hand grenade at a reviewing stand that included General Abiy Abebe (Emperor Haile Selassie's representative), Eritrean provincial executive Asfaha Woldemikael, and Hamid Ferej, leader of the Eritrean provincial assembly.<ref>Tekeste Negash, ''Eritrea and Ethiopia: The Federal Experience'' (Nordic Africa Institute, 1997) p151</ref>
*A [[July 1962 lunar eclipse|penumbral lunar eclipse]] occurred.
 
==[[July 18]], 1962 (Wednesday)==
*The largest space vehicle, up to that time, began orbiting the Earth, after the communications satellite "Big Shot" was launched by the United States.  After going aloft, the silvery balloon was inflated to its full size as a sphere with a diameter of 135 feet.<ref>"13-STORY BALLOON FIRED 950 MILES ABOVE CAPE", ''Miami News'', July 18, 1962, p1</ref>
*After Peruvian Army officers used a Sherman tank to batter down the gates of the presidential palace in [[Lima]], they arrested [[Manuel Prado Ugarteche]], the 73 year old [[President of Peru]], and replaced him with a junta led by General [[Ricardo Pérez Godoy]].<ref>"Military Ousts Prado In Peru", ''Miami News'', July 18, 1962, p1</ref> The election results of [[June 1962|June 10]] was annulled.<ref>Stephen G. Rabe, ''The Most Dangerous Area in the World: John F. Kennedy Confronts Communist Revolution in Latin America'' (UNC Press Books, 1999) p120</ref>
*Lois Ann Frotten, a 20 year old telephone operator attempting skydiving for the first time, survived a 2,500 foot drop after her [[parachute]] failed to open.  Frotten was conscious after being pulled from Lake Mystic in Massachusetts, where she landed, feet first.  The water was 20 feet deep, and had a thick coat of mud at the bottom.  On the way to the hospital, she said, "I'll never jump again."  <ref>"Chute Fouls, Girl Survives 2,500 Foot Drop Into Lake", ''Milwaukee Journal'', July 19, 1962, p1</ref>  She lived for another 42 years after her brush with death.<ref>[http://www.mundia.com/us/Person/10975466/517420815 Mundia.com]</ref>
*[[1962 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Kate]] formed a short distance from northern Luzon.
*Unpopular and unable to implement economic reforms, [[Ali Amini]] resigned as [[Prime Minister of Iran]].  He would be replaced by [[Asadollah Alam]].<ref>James A. Bill, ''The Eagle and the Lion: The Tragedy of American-Iranian Relations'' (Yale University Press, 1989) p146</ref>
*The [[Minnesota Twins]] became the first Major League Baseball team to hit two [[Grand slam (baseball)|grand slams]] in the same inning of a game, as [[Bob Allison]] and [[Harmon Killebrew]] drove in eight runs in the first inning of a 14-3 win over the [[Cleveland Indians]].<ref>"Allison, Killebrew Hit Record 'Slams'", ''Pittsburgh Press'', July 19, 1962, p37</ref>  In fifty years, the feat has been accomplished six more times since then, most recently on July 16, 2006 (Mets vs. Cubs).  On April 23, 1999, the St. Louis Cardinals two grand slams in the third inning were both made by [[Fernando Tatis]].<ref>[http://www.baseball-almanac.com/rb_grsl2.shtml Baseball-Almanac.com]</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Abu Sabaya]], Philippine leader of rebel group [[Abu Sayyaf]], as Aldam Tilao in [[Isabela, Basilan]] (killed 2002)
*'''Died:''' [[Eugene Houdry]], 70, French chemical engineer who developed high octane gasoline and the [[catalytic converter]]; and [[Volkmar Andreae]], 82, Swiss conductor and composer
 
==[[July 19]], 1962 (Thursday)==
*At the West German town of [[Freiburg]], [[Jose Meiffret]] pedaled a bicycle at 127.243&nbsp;mph (nearly 205&nbsp;km/h).  He was pedaling a bicycle with a 275-inch gear and rode in the [[slipstream]] of a racecar.<ref>[http://cycling.ahands.org/bicycling/datewithdeath.html "Date with Death", by Clifford L. Graves, M.D., ''Bicycling'' Magazine (September 1965) ]</ref>
*The first successful intercept of one missile by another took place at [[Kwajalein Island]], with a Zeus missile passing within two kilometers of an incoming Atlas missile, close enough for a nuclear warhead to disable an enemy weapon.<ref>John A. Hamilton, ''Blazing Skies: Air Defense Artillery on Fort Bliss, Texas, 1940-2009'' (Government Printing Office, 2009) p46</ref>
*The First Annual Swiss & Wielder [[Hoop rolling|Hoop and Stick]] Tournament was held.
*'''Born:''' [[Anthony Edwards]], American actor, in Santa Barbara, California
 
==[[July 20]], 1962 (Friday)==
*The world's first regular passenger hovercraft service was introduced, as the VA-3 began the 20 mile run between [[Rhyl]] (in Wales) and [[Wallasey]] (in England).<ref>"The Hovercraft Pioneers- First Paying Passengers Take the Air To-day", ''Glasgow Herald'', July 20, 1962, p4</ref>
*[[Tou Samouth]], Communist leader of the Khmer People's Revolutionary Party in [[Cambodia]], was arrested by government police, tortured and then killed.  His successor, Saloth Sar, would go on to lead the [[Communist Party of Kampuchea]] as [[Pol Pot]], and then exact revenge on former government employees.
*Executive Order 11307 was issued, prohibiting unlicensed U.S. citizens and people under U.S. jurisdiction, from possessing or holding an interest in gold coins from outside the United States, unless the coins were of "exceptional numismatic value".<ref>David L Ganz, ''The Essential Guide to Investing in Precious Metals: How to Begin, Build and Maintain a Properly Diversified Portfolio'' (Krause Publications, 2011) p62-63</ref>
*[[France]] and [[Tunisia]] reestablished [[diplomatic relations]], a year after breaking ties following the [[Bizerte crisis]].<ref>"Paris and Tunis Resuming Ties; End Rift That Started After '61 Bizerte Fight", ''New York Times'', July 21, 1962</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Jeong Han Kim]], South Korean mathematician, in [[Seoul]]
 
==[[July 21]], 1962 (Saturday)==
*The [[United Arab Republic]] (Egypt) successfully fired four missiles which, President [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] said, could strike any target "just south of [[Beirut]]", a reference to neighboring [[Israel]].  Nasser said that the ''Nakid El Kaher'' (Conqueror) missile had a range of 380 miles, which could reach all of Israel, as well as cities in Syria and Jordan, and that the ''El Zahir'' (Victory) missile had a range of 222 miles, including Tel Aviv.<ref>"Egypt Fires 4 Rockets in Test Series- Nasser Boasts Missiles Could Hit Targets in Israel", ''Youngstown (OH) Vindicator'', July 21, 1962, p2</ref>  The missiles came as a surprise to Israel's intelligence service, the [[Mossad]].  In August, Mossad chief [[Isser Harel]] would report to Prime Minister [[David Ben-Gurion]] that German scientists were assisting in the development of 900 more missiles capable of carrying chemical and biological weapons, and would organize Operation Damocles to target the scientists on the project.<ref>Avery Plaw, ''Targeting Terrorists: A License to Kill?'' (Ashgate Publishing, 2008)  p41</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[G. M. Trevelyan]], 86, British historian
 
==[[July 22]], 1962 (Sunday)==
*[[Mariner program]]: The [[Mariner 1]] spacecraft flew erratically several minutes after launch and had to be destroyed after less than five minutes, at a cost of $4,000,000 for the satellite and $8,000,000 for the rocket.<ref>"VENUS SHOT VEERS, DESTROYED", ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', July 23, 1962, p1</ref>  The twelve&nbsp;million dollar loss was later traced <ref>"So! It Was Man Who Goofed In Venus Probe", ''Deseret News'' (Salt Lake City), July 28, 1962, p1</ref> to the omission of an [[overbar]] in the handwritten text from which the computer programming for the rocket guidance system was drawn, which should have been written as :<math>\bar{\dot{R}_n}</math> being rendered as :<math>{\dot{R}_n}</math> so that there was no [[smooth function]] to prevent over-correction of minor variations of data on rocket velocity.<ref>[http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/8.75.html#subj1 "Mariner I -- no holds BARred"], by Peter G. Neumann, ''The Risks Digest'', 30 May 1989; Vincenzo De Florio, ''Application-Layer Fault-Tolerance Protocols'' (Idea Group Inc., 2009) p32; Peter G. Neumann, ''Computer-Related Risks'' (Addison-Wesley Professional, 1994)</ref>
*[[Canadian Pacific Flight 301]] experienced engine problems on departure from [[Honolulu]] and returned to land on three engines, but crashed on the airfield, killing 27 of the 40 people on board.<ref>Civil Aviation Authority 1974, p. 18/62; "Airliner Crashes, 25 Killed", ''Miami News'', July 23, 1962, p1</ref>
 
==[[July 23]], 1962 (Monday)==
*[[Telstar]] relayed the first live trans-[[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] [[television]] signal, with two 20-minute programs.  The first was a set of U.S. TV shows (President Kennedy's news conference, 90 seconds of the Phillies-Cubs baseball game, and the Mormon Tabernacle Choir) to Eurovision (2:00 pm New York, 8:00 pm London).  At 4:58 pm, New York Time, live transmission of European broadcasting was shown on all three American networks, beginning with a live picture of the clock at London's [[Big Ben]] approaching 11:00 pm.<ref name=Lafleur/><ref>"First Live European TV Due Via Telstar Today", ''Miami News'', July 23, 1962, p1; "What America Saw 'Live' From Europe", ''Miami News'', July 24, 1962, p9C</ref>
*The [[International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos]] was signed in [[Geneva]].<ref>"14 Nations Sign Pact Of Peace For Laos", ''Miami News'', July 23, 1962, p10A</ref>  Under the agreement, all foreign military personnel were to withdraw within 75 days; the last Americans, advisers to the U.S. Special Forces, would leave by October 6.<ref>Shelby L. Stanton, ''Special Forces at War: An Illustrated History, Southeast Asia 1957-1975'' (Zenith Imprint, 2008) p23</ref>
*While in Geneva, [[W. Averell Harriman]] of the United States met with North Vietnam's Foreign Minister, [[Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam|Ung Văn Khiêm]] in an unsuccessful attempt to talk about a similar neutrality agreement in Vietnam.  Decades after the end of the Vietnam War, sources in Hanoi would reveal that the North Vietnamese Politburo had approved the pursuit of discussions, but that Khiem had not been informed of the Politburo decision that might have averted a protracted war.  American and North Vietnamese diplomats would not meet again for six years.<ref>Robert S. McNamara, et al., ''Argument Without End: In Search of Answers to the Vietnam Tragedy'' (PublicAffairs, 2000) pp125-127</ref>
*The Saskatoon agreement brought an end to the [[Saskatchewan Doctors' Strike]].<ref>Dick Spencer, ''Singing the Blues: The Conservatives in Saskatchewan'' (CPRC Press, Jan 30, 2007) p124</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Eriq La Salle]], African-American TV actor, in [[Hartford]]
*'''Died:''' [[Henry Dworshak]], 67, U.S. Senator from Idaho since 1949.  Dworshak was the fourth conservative Republican Senator to die in less than a year.<ref>"Senator Dworshak Dies At 67", ''Miami News'', July 24, 1962, p5A</ref>
 
==[[July 24]], 1962 (Tuesday)==
*The first successful use of a [[Artificial heart valve#Biological valves|biological valve]] in human heart surgery was performed by Dr. [[Donald Ross (surgeon)|Donald Nixon Ross]] in London, with a subcoronary implantation of an aortic allograft.<ref>Jan Dominik and Pavel Zacek, ''Heart Valve Surgery: An Illustrated Guide'' (Springer, 2008)p16</ref>
*The [[Gelora Bung Karno Stadium]] opened in Senayan, Central Jakarta, Indonesia.
*The new Anglican diocese of [[Kota Kinabalu|Jesselton]] (Sabah), including Labuan, was established.
*'''Died:''' [[Victor Bourgeois]], 64, Belgian modernist architect; and [[Margaret Buckley]], 83, Irish Republican leader, Sinn Féin president 1937-1950
 
==[[July 25]], 1962 (Wednesday)==
*"Skyphone" service, permitting airline passengers to make telephone calls while in flight, was inaugurated.  The first call was made from American Airlines Flight 941 en route from New York to Cincinnati, from stewardess Hope Patterson to the Associated Press.<ref>"Hello, Earth... This Is Jet Stewardess, Miss Patterson",  ''Miami News'', July 26, 1962, p1</ref>
*The U.S. had another failure in its [[Operation Dominic]] series of nuclear tests, when a Thor missile exploded on the launch pad at [[Johnston Island]].  Although the 100 kiloton warhead was destroyed without a nuclear blast, the area was contaminated with plutonium, ending plans to routinely launch nuclear powered space probes.<ref>Paolo Ulivi, et al., ''Lunar Exploration: Human Pioneers and Robotic Surveyors'' (Springer, 2004) p15-16</ref>
*[[Buckingham Palace]], residence of the Queen of the United Kingdom, was opened to the public for the first time with the dedication of the [[Queen's Gallery]], an art museum.<ref>Lynne Bell, et al., ''Queen and Consort: Elizabeth and Philip, 60 Years of Marriage (Dundurn Press Ltd., 2007) pp31-32</ref>
*[[Aid to Families with Dependent Children]]" (AFDC) was created with the passage of the Public Welfare Amendments of 1962 to the U.S. Social Security Act, increasing the number of persons receiving federal public assistance.<ref>Steven G. Livingston, ''Student's Guide To Landmark Congressional Laws on Social Security and Welfare'' (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002) p107</ref>
*The [[United States Army]] formed its first armed helicopter company, using [[UH-1 Huey]]s.
*The [[Holy Ghost Fathers]] elected [[Marcel Lefebvre]] as their Superior General.
*'''Died:''' [[Thibaudeau Rinfret]], 83, [[Chief Justice of Canada]] from 1944 to 1954; [[Christie MacDonald]], 87, Canadian-American actress and singer; and [[Nelle Wilson Reagan]], 79, mother of [[Ronald Reagan]]
 
==[[July 26]], 1962 (Thursday)==
*[[Cuban Missile Crisis]]: The first Soviet nuclear missies were unloaded in [[Cuba]] at the port of [[Mariel, Cuba|Mariel]].<ref>Norman Polmar, ''Spyplane: The U-2 History Declassified'' (Zenith Imprint, 2001) p183</ref>
*''[[The French Chef]]'', starring [[Julia Child]], appeared on television for the first time, as a program on the Boston public television station [[WGBH-TV|WGBH]].<ref>Dana Polan, ''Julia Child's The French Chef'' (Duke University Press, 2011) p129</ref>
*To celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of the republic in Egypt, President Nasser declared an end to tuition in the nation's universities.<ref>Donald Malcolm Reid, ''Cairo University and the Making of Modern Egypt'' (Cambridge University Press, 2002) p174</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Sergey Kiriyenko]], [[Prime Minister of Russia]] from March to August 1998, in  [[Sukhumi]], [[Georgian S.S.R.]], U.S.S.R.
*'''Died:''' [[Matt Cvetic]], 53, American government employee who infiltrated the Communist Party of the USA, then wrote about it in ''[[I Was a Communist for the FBI]]''.
 
==[[July 27]], 1962 (Friday)==
*[[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] began its project to acquire and restore properties in the small town of [[Nauvoo, Illinois]], where the Mormons had been centered from 1839 to 1944.  Within a year, Nauvoo Restoration, Inc., had acquired 30 of the 35 buildings still standing in Nauvoo.<ref>Glenn Cuerden, ''Images of America: Nauvoo'' (Arcadia Publishing, 2006) p112</ref>
*[[Jess Oliver]] (Oliver Jsesperson) applied for the patent for the [[Ampeg Portaflex|Ampeg B-15 Portaflex]] portable bass amplifier, which would become the most popular bass amplifier in the world for bands; the patent would be granted on May 11, 1965.<ref>Ritchie Fliegler and Jon F. Eiche, ''Amps!: The Other Half of Rock 'n' Roll''  (Hal Leonard Corporation, 1993) p37</ref>
*Inventor David P. Wagner applied for the patent for the first [[pharmaceutical packaging]] designed for [[Compliance (medicine)#Course completion|compliance with dosage directions]], to simplify use of birth control pills on a specific date.  Wagner would receive royalties from [[G. D. Searle & Company]] and from [[Ortho Pharmaceutical]], who would use the design for their contraceptives.<ref>Robert Bud, ''Manifesting Medicine'' (NMSI Trading Ltd, 2004) p107-108</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Richard Aldington]], 70, English poet and author
 
==[[July 28]], 1962 (Saturday)==
*The ''[[Fußball-Bundesliga|Bundesliga]]'', the national league of West Germany's top professional soccer football teams, was created by a 103-26 vote of delegates to the [[German Football Association]] (DFB) convention at [[Dortmund]].<ref>Ulrich Hesse-Lichtenberger, ''Tor! The Story of German Football'' (WSC Books Limited, 2003) pp145-146</ref>  The ''Bundesliga'' would begin its first season on August 24, 1963 with 16 teams out of 46 applicants.<ref>Wladimir Andreff and Stefan Szymański, ''Handbook on the Economics of Sport'' (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006)</ref>
*[[Kosmos 7]] was launched by the U.S.S.R., on the first successful Soviet mission to conduct surveillance photography of the entire United States.<ref>Craig Nelson, ''Rocket Men: The Epic Story of the First Men on the Moon'' (Penguin, 2010)</ref>
*[[South Korea]]'s President [[Park Chung Hee]] issued the memorandum "The Establishment of a Social Security System" and set about to forcibly implement programs for assistance for the elderly, disabled and unemployed in what was, at that time, a poor nation.<ref>Myungsook Woo, ''The Politics Of Social Welfare Policy In South Korea: Growth And Citizenship''  (University Press of America, 2004) p37</ref>
*[[Race riot]]s broke out in [[Dudley]], West Midlands, UK.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mr. F. McEvoy and Mr. H. Reeve (Sentences) (Hansard, 20 January 1964) <!-- BOT GENERATED TITLE -->|url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1964/jan/20/mr-f-mcevoy-and-mr-h-reeve-sentences|work=|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5gkL5u7Mu|archivedate=2009-05-13|deadurl=no|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref>
*The derailment of at Pennsylvania Railroad train at [[Steelton, Pennsylvania|Steelton]] killed 19 people and injured 116.  The nine car train was carrying baseball fans to the Pirates-Phillies baseball game at Philadelphia, when the last five cars went off track, and three fell down a 40 foot embankment.<ref>"PRR Derailing That Killed 19 Being Probed", ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', July 30, 1962, p1</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Jason Sherman]], Canadian playwright and screenwriter, in [[Montreal]]
 
==[[July 29]], 1962 (Sunday)==
*[[Sir Oswald Mosley]], who had founded the [[British Union of Fascists]] and been a vocal Nazi sympathizer prior to Germany's attack on Britain in [[World War Two]], was beaten by an angry crowd in [[Manchester]], after leading members of his extreme right-wing [[Union Movement]] on a march through the city. "Ex-Fascist Battered To Ground In England", ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', July 30, 1962, p1
*A few weeks after [[Algeria]] had attained its independence, 2,000 rebel guerillas under the command of Colonel Si Hassan seized control of [[Algiers]].<ref>"ALGIERS SEIZED BY GUERILLAS"</ref>
*In the final of the [[1962 Speedway World Team Cup]] at Slaný, Czechoslovakia, Sweden defeated Great Britain, Poland and Czechoslovakia.
*'''Born:''' [[Scott Steiner]], American college and professional wrestler, as Scott Rechsteiner in [[Bay City, Michigan]]
*'''Died:''' Sir [[Ronald Fisher]], 72, English biologist
 
==[[July 30]], 1962 (Monday)==
*The [[Trans-Canada Highway]] was opened at a ceremony to mark the completion of the 92 mile long [[Rogers Pass (British Columbia)|Rogers Pass]] Highway through the Canadian Rockies, for the final link of the nearly 5,000 mile system between [[St. John's, Newfoundland]] and [[Victoria, British Columbia]].  B.C. Premier [[W. A. C. Bennett]] snipped a ribbon near [[Revelstoke, British Columbia|Revelstoke]].<ref>
"5,000-Car Jam, One Crash Mark Opening of Highway", ''Vancouver Sun'', July 31, 1962, p1</ref>
*U.S. President Kennedy agreed to halt reconnaissance flights over Soviet ships in the Caribbean Sea, after U.S.S.R. Premier Khrushchev proposed the idea "for the sake of better relations"; in the two months that followed, the ships delivered missiles to Cuba.<ref>Robert Dallek, ''An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917-1963'' (Hachette Digital, 2003)</ref>
*On the same day, President Kennedy began tape recording conversations in the White House.<ref>Timothy J.. Naftali, et al, ''John F. Kennedy: the Great Crises, July 30-August 1962'' (W. W. Norton & Company, 2001) p xlviii</ref>
*[[Marilyn Monroe]] made a final telephone call to the U.S. Justice Department, six days before her death.  Monroe had been a regular caller to U.S. Attorney General [[Robert F. Kennedy]], and historians speculate that he told her during the eight minute phone call that they could no longer see each other.  Monroe's phone records would be confiscated by the FBI, but Kennedy's phone logs would be donated to the National Archives after his death.<ref>Lamar Waldron and Thom Hartmann, ''Ultimate Sacrifice: John and Robert Kennedy, the Plan for a Coup in Cuba, and the Murder of JFK'' (Basic Books, 2006) p427</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Alton Brown]], American chef and host of Food Network show ''Good Eats'', in [[Los Angeles]]
*'''Died:''' [[Helge Krog]], 73, Norwegian journalist
 
==[[July 31]], 1962 (Tuesday)==
*The [[Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War|Vietnam Era began for Australia]], with the arrival of Colonel [[Ted Serong]], followed by 30 advisers later in the week.  Over ten years, ending on [[December 1972|December 2, 1972]], there would be 521 Australians killed in the war.<ref>[http://vietnam-war.commemoration.gov.au/vietnam-war/australia-enters-1962.php "Australia and the Vietnam War: Australia Enters, 1962"]</ref>
*The professional football career of [[Ernie Davis]], who had been the #1 choice in the [[1962 NFL Draft]], ended three before he was to begin play for the [[Cleveland Browns]] in the preseason College All-Star Game in Chicago.  Davis had checked into the Memorial Hospital in the suburb of [[Evanston, Illinois]] on suspicion that he had the [[mumps]], and then with [[mononucleosis]].<ref>"Ernie Davis Sick, Lost For All Star Tilt Friday", ''Daytona Beach (FL) Morning Journal'', August 1, 1962, p6</ref>  The next day, it was announced that he had a "blood disorder", and in October, it would be revealed that he had [[leukemia]].,<ref>''Lewiston (ID) Morning Tribune'', October 6, 1962, p2</ref> the disease that would claim his life the following May 18.<ref>"Ernie Davis Loses In Battle With Acute Leukemia At 23", ''Miami News'', May 19, 1963, p2C</ref>
*An [[Solar eclipse of July 31, 1962|annular solar eclipse]] occurred.
*'''Born:''' [[Wesley Snipes]], American film actor, in [[Orlando]]; and [[Luis Castiglioni]], Vice-President of Paraguay 2003-2007, in [[Itacurubí del Rosario]]
*'''Died:''' [[George Pepperdine]], 76, American philanthropist and founder in 1937 of [[Pepperdine University]]; Clarence E. Willard, 79, American circus performer who could alter his height from 5'10" to 6'4" through muscle manipulation;<ref>"Man Who Grows Dies at 79", ''Oakland Tribune'', August 2, 1962, p15</ref> and [[Miller Electric|Niels Miller]], 63, American inventor and founder of [[Miller Electric]] arc welding manufacturer;
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
[[Category:July|1962]]
[[Category:1962|*1962-07]]
[[Category:Months in the 1900s|*1962-07]]

Latest revision as of 22:26, 20 August 2013

Template:Events by month

July 12, 1962: The Rolling Stones debut
July 9, 1962: Hawaii receives EMP from distant nuclear test
July 2, 1962: First Wal-Mart Discount City opens
July 6, 1962:Nevada crater dug by nuclear test
Sedan Crater, 1200 feet wide, 320 feet deep

The following events occurred in July, 1962

July 1, 1962 (Sunday)

July 2, 1962 (Monday)

July 3, 1962 (Tuesday)

July 4, 1962 (Wednesday)

July 5, 1962 (Thursday)

  • After Algeria's independence was recognized by France, the Oran massacre took place at Oran, the section of Algiers where most French Algerians lived. The official estimate of the death toll was 20 French Algerians and 75 Algerians killed.[11]
  • The French Assembly voted 241-72 to remove the immunity against arrest and prosecution that former Prime Minister Georges Bidault had in April 1961, when he called for the overthrow of President Charles De Gaulle, clearing the way for indictment of Bidault for treason. Bidault had fled to exile in Italy.[12]
  • George Ignatieff replaced Jules Léger as Canada's ambassador to NATO.

July 6, 1962 (Friday)

  • Irish broadcaster Gay Byrne presented his first edition of The Late Late Show.[13] Byrne would go on to present the talk show for 37 years making Byrne the longest running TV talk show host in history.
  • Died: William Faulkner, 64, American novelist and 1950 Nobel laureate; and Roger Degueldre, 37, former French Army officer who rebelled to form the OAS Delta Commandos, executed by firing squad

July 7, 1962 (Saturday)

July 8, 1962 (Sunday)

July 9, 1962 (Monday)

  • Starfish Prime: The United States exploded a 1.4 megaton hydrogen bomb in outer space, sending the warhead on a Titan missile to an altitude of 248 miles over Johnston Island.[18] The first two attempts at exploding a nuclear missile above the Earth had failed. The flash was visible in Hawaii, 750 miles away, and scientists discovered the destructive effects of the first major manmade electromagnetic pulse (EMP), as a surge of electrons burned out streetlights, blew fuses, and disrupted communications.[19] Increasing radiation in some places one hundredfold, the EMP damaged at least ten orbiting satellites beyond repair.[20]
  • American artist Andy Warhol first presented his Campbell's Soup Cans at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles.[21]
  • Died: Reginald Somerset Ward, 81, English Anglican spiritualist

July 10, 1962 (Tuesday)

Telstar
  • AT&T's Telstar, the world's first commercial communications satellite, was launched into orbit from Cape Canaveral at 3:35 a.m. local time, and activated that night.[22] The first image transmitted between continents was a black-and-white photo of the American flag [23] sent from the U.S. transmitter at Andover, Maine, to Pleumeur-Bodou in France.[24]
  • The All-Channel Television Receiver Bill was signed into law, requiring that all televisions made in the United States to be able to receive both VHF signals (channels 2 to 13 on 30 to 300 MHz) and UHF (channels 14 to 83, on frequencies between 470 to 896 MHz). The result was to open hundreds of new television channels.[25]
  • One of the spans in the Kings Bridge in Melbourne, Australia, collapsed after a 45 ton vehicle passed over it, only 15 months after the multi-lane highway bridge's opening on April 12, 1961. The collapse occurred immediately after the driver of the vehicle had passed over the span, and nobody was hurt.[26]
  • Francisco Brochado de Rocha was approved as the new Prime Minister of Brazil by a 215-58vote of Parliament.[27]
  • Died: Tommy Milton, 68, American racecar driver and first to win the Indianapolis 500 twice (1921, 1923), by suicide

July 11, 1962 (Wednesday)

July 12, 1962 (Thursday)

July 13, 1962 (Friday)

July 14, 1962 (Saturday)

  • A 1958 Pakistan law, banning all political parties, was repealed by a National Assembly resolution, amending the Constitution of 1962. The only requirement was that a party could not "prejudice Islamic ideology or the stability or integrity of Pakistan, and could not receive any aid from a foreign nation.[36]
  • In the third match of the Rugby League Test series between Australia and Great Britain, held at Sydney Cricket Ground, a controversial last-minute Australian try and the subsequent conversion resulted in an 18-17 win for Australia.[37]
  • Henry Brooke became the new UK Home Secretary in Harold Macmillan's reshuffled cabinet.
  • The Miss Universe 1962 beauty pageant took place at Miami Beach, Florida, USA, and was won by Norma Nolan of Argentina.[38]

July 15, 1962 (Sunday)

  • The 1962 Tour de France concluded in Paris, and was won by Jacques Anquetil for the third time.[39]
  • The Washington Post broke the story of thalidomide tablets that had been distributed in the United States, in a story by Morton Mintz under the headline "Heroine of FDA Keeps Bad Drug Off Market". As a result of the publicity, more than 2.5 million thalidomide pills, that had been distributed to physicians by the Richardson-Merrell pharmaceutical company pending approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, were recalled. Although thousands of babies were born with defects in Europe, the FDA identified only 17 known cases in the United States.[40]
  • Radiation killed all six animals, sent up 24 hours earlier by NASA, in the first test of whether astronauts could safely endure prolonged exposure to cosmic rays. The two monkeys and four hamsters had been inside a space capsule that had been kept at an altitude of 131,000 feet by a balloon.[41]

July 16, 1962 (Monday)

  • French explorer Michel Siffre conducted a long-term experiment of chronobiology, the perception of the passage of time in the absence of information, entering an underground cave and staying for two months. While inside, he used a one-way field telephone to signal to researchers when he was going to sleep, when he was getting up, and how much time had passed between events during his waking hours. He was brought back out on September 14, 1962, sixty days later; according to his diary, he thought only 35 days had passed and that the date was August 20.[42][43]

July 17, 1962 (Tuesday)

  • Major Robert M. White (USAF) piloted an North American X-15 to a record altitude of 314,750 feet (59 miles, 96 km),[44] narrowly missing the 100 kilometer altitude Kármán line that defines outer space, but passing the 50 mile altitude mark that NASA used to define the threshold of space. The record of 67 miles would be set by Joe Walker on July 19, 1963.[45]
  • Nuclear testing: The "Small Boy" test shot Little Feller I became the final atmospheric nuclear test by the United States.[46]
  • The U.S. Senate voted 52-48 against further consideration of President Kennedy's proposed plan for Medicare, government-subsidized health care for persons drawing social security benefits.[47] Two liberal U.S. Senators had switched sides, preventing a 50-50 tie that would have been broken in favor of Medicare by Vice-President Johnson; as President, Johnson would sign Medicare into law effective July 30, 1965.[48]
  • Four years after USS Nautilus had become the first submarine to reach the geographic North Pole, the Soviet Union reached the Pole with a sub for the first time, with the submarine K-3 (later renamed the Leninsky Komsomol) [49]
  • The Eritrean Liberation Front staged its first major attack in seeking to separate Eritrea from Ethiopia, by throwing a hand grenade at a reviewing stand that included General Abiy Abebe (Emperor Haile Selassie's representative), Eritrean provincial executive Asfaha Woldemikael, and Hamid Ferej, leader of the Eritrean provincial assembly.[50]
  • A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred.

July 18, 1962 (Wednesday)

  • The largest space vehicle, up to that time, began orbiting the Earth, after the communications satellite "Big Shot" was launched by the United States. After going aloft, the silvery balloon was inflated to its full size as a sphere with a diameter of 135 feet.[51]
  • After Peruvian Army officers used a Sherman tank to batter down the gates of the presidential palace in Lima, they arrested Manuel Prado Ugarteche, the 73 year old President of Peru, and replaced him with a junta led by General Ricardo Pérez Godoy.[52] The election results of June 10 was annulled.[53]
  • Lois Ann Frotten, a 20 year old telephone operator attempting skydiving for the first time, survived a 2,500 foot drop after her parachute failed to open. Frotten was conscious after being pulled from Lake Mystic in Massachusetts, where she landed, feet first. The water was 20 feet deep, and had a thick coat of mud at the bottom. On the way to the hospital, she said, "I'll never jump again." [54] She lived for another 42 years after her brush with death.[55]
  • Typhoon Kate formed a short distance from northern Luzon.
  • Unpopular and unable to implement economic reforms, Ali Amini resigned as Prime Minister of Iran. He would be replaced by Asadollah Alam.[56]
  • The Minnesota Twins became the first Major League Baseball team to hit two grand slams in the same inning of a game, as Bob Allison and Harmon Killebrew drove in eight runs in the first inning of a 14-3 win over the Cleveland Indians.[57] In fifty years, the feat has been accomplished six more times since then, most recently on July 16, 2006 (Mets vs. Cubs). On April 23, 1999, the St. Louis Cardinals two grand slams in the third inning were both made by Fernando Tatis.[58]
  • Born: Abu Sabaya, Philippine leader of rebel group Abu Sayyaf, as Aldam Tilao in Isabela, Basilan (killed 2002)
  • Died: Eugene Houdry, 70, French chemical engineer who developed high octane gasoline and the catalytic converter; and Volkmar Andreae, 82, Swiss conductor and composer

July 19, 1962 (Thursday)

  • At the West German town of Freiburg, Jose Meiffret pedaled a bicycle at 127.243 mph (nearly 205 km/h). He was pedaling a bicycle with a 275-inch gear and rode in the slipstream of a racecar.[59]
  • The first successful intercept of one missile by another took place at Kwajalein Island, with a Zeus missile passing within two kilometers of an incoming Atlas missile, close enough for a nuclear warhead to disable an enemy weapon.[60]
  • The First Annual Swiss & Wielder Hoop and Stick Tournament was held.
  • Born: Anthony Edwards, American actor, in Santa Barbara, California

July 20, 1962 (Friday)

  • The world's first regular passenger hovercraft service was introduced, as the VA-3 began the 20 mile run between Rhyl (in Wales) and Wallasey (in England).[61]
  • Tou Samouth, Communist leader of the Khmer People's Revolutionary Party in Cambodia, was arrested by government police, tortured and then killed. His successor, Saloth Sar, would go on to lead the Communist Party of Kampuchea as Pol Pot, and then exact revenge on former government employees.
  • Executive Order 11307 was issued, prohibiting unlicensed U.S. citizens and people under U.S. jurisdiction, from possessing or holding an interest in gold coins from outside the United States, unless the coins were of "exceptional numismatic value".[62]
  • France and Tunisia reestablished diplomatic relations, a year after breaking ties following the Bizerte crisis.[63]
  • Born: Jeong Han Kim, South Korean mathematician, in Seoul

July 21, 1962 (Saturday)

  • The United Arab Republic (Egypt) successfully fired four missiles which, President Gamal Abdel Nasser said, could strike any target "just south of Beirut", a reference to neighboring Israel. Nasser said that the Nakid El Kaher (Conqueror) missile had a range of 380 miles, which could reach all of Israel, as well as cities in Syria and Jordan, and that the El Zahir (Victory) missile had a range of 222 miles, including Tel Aviv.[64] The missiles came as a surprise to Israel's intelligence service, the Mossad. In August, Mossad chief Isser Harel would report to Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion that German scientists were assisting in the development of 900 more missiles capable of carrying chemical and biological weapons, and would organize Operation Damocles to target the scientists on the project.[65]
  • Died: G. M. Trevelyan, 86, British historian

July 22, 1962 (Sunday)

July 23, 1962 (Monday)

  • Telstar relayed the first live trans-Atlantic television signal, with two 20-minute programs. The first was a set of U.S. TV shows (President Kennedy's news conference, 90 seconds of the Phillies-Cubs baseball game, and the Mormon Tabernacle Choir) to Eurovision (2:00 pm New York, 8:00 pm London). At 4:58 pm, New York Time, live transmission of European broadcasting was shown on all three American networks, beginning with a live picture of the clock at London's Big Ben approaching 11:00 pm.[34][70]
  • The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos was signed in Geneva.[71] Under the agreement, all foreign military personnel were to withdraw within 75 days; the last Americans, advisers to the U.S. Special Forces, would leave by October 6.[72]
  • While in Geneva, W. Averell Harriman of the United States met with North Vietnam's Foreign Minister, Ung Văn Khiêm in an unsuccessful attempt to talk about a similar neutrality agreement in Vietnam. Decades after the end of the Vietnam War, sources in Hanoi would reveal that the North Vietnamese Politburo had approved the pursuit of discussions, but that Khiem had not been informed of the Politburo decision that might have averted a protracted war. American and North Vietnamese diplomats would not meet again for six years.[73]
  • The Saskatoon agreement brought an end to the Saskatchewan Doctors' Strike.[74]
  • Born: Eriq La Salle, African-American TV actor, in Hartford
  • Died: Henry Dworshak, 67, U.S. Senator from Idaho since 1949. Dworshak was the fourth conservative Republican Senator to die in less than a year.[75]

July 24, 1962 (Tuesday)

July 25, 1962 (Wednesday)

July 26, 1962 (Thursday)

July 27, 1962 (Friday)

July 28, 1962 (Saturday)

  • The Bundesliga, the national league of West Germany's top professional soccer football teams, was created by a 103-26 vote of delegates to the German Football Association (DFB) convention at Dortmund.[87] The Bundesliga would begin its first season on August 24, 1963 with 16 teams out of 46 applicants.[88]
  • Kosmos 7 was launched by the U.S.S.R., on the first successful Soviet mission to conduct surveillance photography of the entire United States.[89]
  • South Korea's President Park Chung Hee issued the memorandum "The Establishment of a Social Security System" and set about to forcibly implement programs for assistance for the elderly, disabled and unemployed in what was, at that time, a poor nation.[90]
  • Race riots broke out in Dudley, West Midlands, UK.[91]
  • The derailment of at Pennsylvania Railroad train at Steelton killed 19 people and injured 116. The nine car train was carrying baseball fans to the Pirates-Phillies baseball game at Philadelphia, when the last five cars went off track, and three fell down a 40 foot embankment.[92]
  • Born: Jason Sherman, Canadian playwright and screenwriter, in Montreal

July 29, 1962 (Sunday)

July 30, 1962 (Monday)

  • The Trans-Canada Highway was opened at a ceremony to mark the completion of the 92 mile long Rogers Pass Highway through the Canadian Rockies, for the final link of the nearly 5,000 mile system between St. John's, Newfoundland and Victoria, British Columbia. B.C. Premier W. A. C. Bennett snipped a ribbon near Revelstoke.[94]
  • U.S. President Kennedy agreed to halt reconnaissance flights over Soviet ships in the Caribbean Sea, after U.S.S.R. Premier Khrushchev proposed the idea "for the sake of better relations"; in the two months that followed, the ships delivered missiles to Cuba.[95]
  • On the same day, President Kennedy began tape recording conversations in the White House.[96]
  • Marilyn Monroe made a final telephone call to the U.S. Justice Department, six days before her death. Monroe had been a regular caller to U.S. Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, and historians speculate that he told her during the eight minute phone call that they could no longer see each other. Monroe's phone records would be confiscated by the FBI, but Kennedy's phone logs would be donated to the National Archives after his death.[97]
  • Born: Alton Brown, American chef and host of Food Network show Good Eats, in Los Angeles
  • Died: Helge Krog, 73, Norwegian journalist

July 31, 1962 (Tuesday)

References

43 year old Petroleum Engineer Harry from Deep River, usually spends time with hobbies and interests like renting movies, property developers in singapore new condominium and vehicle racing. Constantly enjoys going to destinations like Camino Real de Tierra Adentro.

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  2. "Freedom From France", Sydney Morning Herald, July 4, 1962, p3
  3. "Rivera Sworn In El Salvador", Spartanburg (SC) Herald, , July 1, 1962, p14
  4. "Doctors Strike In Province", Miami News, July 2, 1962, p1
  5. "Thousands Protest MD Plan", Miami News, July 11, 1962, p1
  6. "McLaren Wins Reims Classic", Youngstown (OH) Vindicator, July 2, 1962, p13
  7. "The Rise of Wal-Mart", Frontline, November 16, 2004
  8. "About Us", WalmartStores.com]
  9. "Algeria Free- Still Fighting; France Leaves After 132 Years", Miami News, July 3, 1962, p1
  10. "The Constitution of the Burma Socialist Programme Party"
  11. Benjamin Stora, Algeria, 1830-2000: A Short History (Cornell University Press, 2004) p105
  12. "French Assembly Strips Bidault Of His Parliamentary Immunity", New York Times, July 6, 1962, p3
  13. "The Late Late Show - 50th Anniversary Special"
  14. "JETLINER VANISHES, 94 ABOARD", Miami News, July 7, 1962, p1
  15. "15 Students Killed During Burma Riots", Toledo Blade, July 9, 1962, p1
  16. "Old Foes Parade In Reims", Ottawa Citizen, July 9, 1962, p1; William Kidd and Brian Murdoch, Memory and Memorials: The Commemorative Century (Ashgate Publishing, 2004) p266
  17. "Grand Prix Win to U.S. Driver", The Age (Melbourne), July 10, 1962, p10
  18. Peter Goodchild, Edward Teller, the Real Dr. Strangelove (Harvard University Press, 2004) p300
  19. "U.S. Fires H-Bomb In Sky", Miami News, July 9, 1962, p1; "U.S. Explodes Warhead 200 Miles Above Earth", Ottawa Citizen, July 9, 1962, p1
  20. Ann Garrison Darrin and Beth Laura O'Leary, Handbook of Space Engineering, Archaeology, and Heritage (CRC Press, 2009) p536
  21. "The Andy Warhol Family Album"
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  23. Vaclav Smil, Transforming the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations And Their Consequences (Oxford University Press, 2006) p310; "The Story Sent From Satellite ...And This Picture, Too", Miami News, July 11, 1962, p1
  24. 24.0 24.1 John Bray, Innovation and the Communications Revolution: From the Victorian Pioneers to Broadband Internet (IET, 2002) pp213-214
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  27. "New Premier OK'd, Brazil Crisis Ends", Miami News, July 10, 1962, p4A
  28. "Floridian Swims Channel", Miami News, July 11, 1962, p1
  29. Vladimir Bogdanov, et al., All Music Guide to the Blues: The Definitive Guide to the Blues (Hal Leonard Corporation, 2003) p476
  30. "Ex-Governor of Missouri Found Dead", Miami News, July 12, 1962, p2
  31. "Changes in the Cabinet - Mr Selwyn Lloyd Replaced", Glasgow Herald, July 14, 1962, p1; "U.K. CABINET SENSATION- 7 lose jobs in purge", Sydney Sun-Herald, July 15, 1962, p1; "Mac the Knife...And How He Must Answer To A Victim", Miami News, July 16, 1962, p1
  32. Bernard Wasserstein, Barbarism and Civilization: A History of Europe in Our Time (Oxford University Press, 2007) p536
  33. Samuel Berlinski, et al., Accounting for Ministers: Scandal and Survival in British Government 1945-2007 (Cambridge University Press, 2012) p95
  34. 34.0 34.1 "Spacecrafts Launched in 1962", Spacecraft Encylcopedia, Claude LeFleur
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  36. Party, Government and Freedom in the Muslim World (Brill Archive, 1968) p21
  37. "Last-minute victory to Aust. in exciting R.L. test- Inquiry held", Sydney Sun-Herald, July 15, 1962, p3
  38. "Miss Argentina Most Beautiful In World", Miami News, July 15, 1962, p1
  39. "49th Tour de France 1962"
  40. Philip J. Hilts, Protecting America's Health: The Fda, Business, and One Hundred Years of Regulation (UNC Press Books, 2004) pp157-158
  41. "Balloon Animals Die Testing Cosmic Rays", Miami News, July 16, 1962, p1
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  43. "Chronobiology", Canadian Institute of Health Research
  44. "X-15 Zooms 58 Miles Up- White's An Astronaut", Miami News, July 17, 1962, p1
  45. Tim Furniss, A History of Space Exploration: And Its Future (Globe Pequot, 2003) p40
  46. Jennifer A. Sandlin, Handbook of Public Pedagogy: Education and Learning Beyond Schooling (Taylor & Francis, 2010) p268
  47. "Senate Vote Kills Medicare 52-48", Miami News, July 17, 1962, p1
  48. Michael Meagher and Larry D. Gragg, John F. Kennedy: A Biography (ABC-CLIO, 2011) p118
  49. Norman Polmar and Jurrien Noot, Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies, 1718-1990 (Naval Institute Press, 1991) p170
  50. Tekeste Negash, Eritrea and Ethiopia: The Federal Experience (Nordic Africa Institute, 1997) p151
  51. "13-STORY BALLOON FIRED 950 MILES ABOVE CAPE", Miami News, July 18, 1962, p1
  52. "Military Ousts Prado In Peru", Miami News, July 18, 1962, p1
  53. Stephen G. Rabe, The Most Dangerous Area in the World: John F. Kennedy Confronts Communist Revolution in Latin America (UNC Press Books, 1999) p120
  54. "Chute Fouls, Girl Survives 2,500 Foot Drop Into Lake", Milwaukee Journal, July 19, 1962, p1
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  56. James A. Bill, The Eagle and the Lion: The Tragedy of American-Iranian Relations (Yale University Press, 1989) p146
  57. "Allison, Killebrew Hit Record 'Slams'", Pittsburgh Press, July 19, 1962, p37
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  60. John A. Hamilton, Blazing Skies: Air Defense Artillery on Fort Bliss, Texas, 1940-2009 (Government Printing Office, 2009) p46
  61. "The Hovercraft Pioneers- First Paying Passengers Take the Air To-day", Glasgow Herald, July 20, 1962, p4
  62. David L Ganz, The Essential Guide to Investing in Precious Metals: How to Begin, Build and Maintain a Properly Diversified Portfolio (Krause Publications, 2011) p62-63
  63. "Paris and Tunis Resuming Ties; End Rift That Started After '61 Bizerte Fight", New York Times, July 21, 1962
  64. "Egypt Fires 4 Rockets in Test Series- Nasser Boasts Missiles Could Hit Targets in Israel", Youngstown (OH) Vindicator, July 21, 1962, p2
  65. Avery Plaw, Targeting Terrorists: A License to Kill? (Ashgate Publishing, 2008) p41
  66. "VENUS SHOT VEERS, DESTROYED", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, July 23, 1962, p1
  67. "So! It Was Man Who Goofed In Venus Probe", Deseret News (Salt Lake City), July 28, 1962, p1
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  70. "First Live European TV Due Via Telstar Today", Miami News, July 23, 1962, p1; "What America Saw 'Live' From Europe", Miami News, July 24, 1962, p9C
  71. "14 Nations Sign Pact Of Peace For Laos", Miami News, July 23, 1962, p10A
  72. Shelby L. Stanton, Special Forces at War: An Illustrated History, Southeast Asia 1957-1975 (Zenith Imprint, 2008) p23
  73. Robert S. McNamara, et al., Argument Without End: In Search of Answers to the Vietnam Tragedy (PublicAffairs, 2000) pp125-127
  74. Dick Spencer, Singing the Blues: The Conservatives in Saskatchewan (CPRC Press, Jan 30, 2007) p124
  75. "Senator Dworshak Dies At 67", Miami News, July 24, 1962, p5A
  76. Jan Dominik and Pavel Zacek, Heart Valve Surgery: An Illustrated Guide (Springer, 2008)p16
  77. "Hello, Earth... This Is Jet Stewardess, Miss Patterson", Miami News, July 26, 1962, p1
  78. Paolo Ulivi, et al., Lunar Exploration: Human Pioneers and Robotic Surveyors (Springer, 2004) p15-16
  79. Lynne Bell, et al., Queen and Consort: Elizabeth and Philip, 60 Years of Marriage (Dundurn Press Ltd., 2007) pp31-32
  80. Steven G. Livingston, Student's Guide To Landmark Congressional Laws on Social Security and Welfare (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002) p107
  81. Norman Polmar, Spyplane: The U-2 History Declassified (Zenith Imprint, 2001) p183
  82. Dana Polan, Julia Child's The French Chef (Duke University Press, 2011) p129
  83. Donald Malcolm Reid, Cairo University and the Making of Modern Egypt (Cambridge University Press, 2002) p174
  84. Glenn Cuerden, Images of America: Nauvoo (Arcadia Publishing, 2006) p112
  85. Ritchie Fliegler and Jon F. Eiche, Amps!: The Other Half of Rock 'n' Roll (Hal Leonard Corporation, 1993) p37
  86. Robert Bud, Manifesting Medicine (NMSI Trading Ltd, 2004) p107-108
  87. Ulrich Hesse-Lichtenberger, Tor! The Story of German Football (WSC Books Limited, 2003) pp145-146
  88. Wladimir Andreff and Stefan Szymański, Handbook on the Economics of Sport (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006)
  89. Craig Nelson, Rocket Men: The Epic Story of the First Men on the Moon (Penguin, 2010)
  90. Myungsook Woo, The Politics Of Social Welfare Policy In South Korea: Growth And Citizenship (University Press of America, 2004) p37
  91. Template:Cite web
  92. "PRR Derailing That Killed 19 Being Probed", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, July 30, 1962, p1
  93. "ALGIERS SEIZED BY GUERILLAS"
  94. "5,000-Car Jam, One Crash Mark Opening of Highway", Vancouver Sun, July 31, 1962, p1
  95. Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917-1963 (Hachette Digital, 2003)
  96. Timothy J.. Naftali, et al, John F. Kennedy: the Great Crises, July 30-August 1962 (W. W. Norton & Company, 2001) p xlviii
  97. Lamar Waldron and Thom Hartmann, Ultimate Sacrifice: John and Robert Kennedy, the Plan for a Coup in Cuba, and the Murder of JFK (Basic Books, 2006) p427
  98. "Australia and the Vietnam War: Australia Enters, 1962"
  99. "Ernie Davis Sick, Lost For All Star Tilt Friday", Daytona Beach (FL) Morning Journal, August 1, 1962, p6
  100. Lewiston (ID) Morning Tribune, October 6, 1962, p2
  101. "Ernie Davis Loses In Battle With Acute Leukemia At 23", Miami News, May 19, 1963, p2C
  102. "Man Who Grows Dies at 79", Oakland Tribune, August 2, 1962, p15