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In finance, a strangle is an investment strategy involving the purchase or sale of particular option derivatives that allows the holder to profit based on how much the price of the underlying security moves, with relatively minimal exposure to the direction of price movement. The purchase of particular option derivatives is known as a long strangle, while the sale of the option derivatives is known as a short strangle. It is related to a similar option strategy known as a straddle.

Long strangle

Payoffs of buying a strangle spread.

The long strangle involves going long (buying) both a call option and a put option of the same underlying security. Like a straddle, the options expire at the same time, but unlike a straddle, the options have different strike prices. A strangle can be less expensive than a straddle if the strike prices are out-of-the-money. The owner of a long strangle makes a profit if the underlying price moves far enough away from the current price, either above or below. Thus, an investor may take a long strangle position if he thinks the underlying security is highly volatile, but does not know which direction it is going to move. This position is a limited risk, since the most a purchaser may lose is the cost of both options. At the same time, there is unlimited profit potential. 50 year old Petroleum Engineer Kull from Dawson Creek, spends time with interests such as house brewing, property developers in singapore condo launch and camping. Discovers the beauty in planing a trip to places around the entire world, recently only coming back from .

Short strangle

payoff of short strangle

The short strangle involves shorting (selling) both a call option and a put option of the same underlying security. Like a short straddle, the options expire at the same time, but unlike a straddle, the options have different strike prices. The premium can be chosen by the short party, with the hope that this will cover any potential volatility. The short party of the strangle makes a profit if the underlying price stays within the boundaries of the strike price of which they would be exercised, either above or below. Thus, an investor may take a short strangle position if he thinks the underlying security is not at all volatile. This position has limited profit and unlimited risk. A long iron condor is similar, but due to the wings it has limited downside.

Strangle Premium

In FX options trading people sometimes talk about the strangle premium. It indicates how much above the at-the-money volatility the two out-of-the-money strangle volatilities are. The strangle premium is a measure of the curvature of the volatility smile. Mathematically, for a given maturity, the 25 strangle premium is:

$S_{25}={\sigma }_{put,25}-2{\sigma }_{atmf}+{\sigma }_{call,25}$

where ${\sigma }_{put,25}$ is the volatility of the put with the strike chosen to give a delta of -25%.
${\sigma }_{call,25}$ is the volatility of the call with the strike chosen to give a delta of 25%.
and ${\sigma }_{atmf}$ is the volatility of call with strike set to the forward.

References

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