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Suspension is a construction passing from a map to a flow. Namely, let $X$ be a metric space, $f:X\to X$ be a continuous map and $r:X\to {ℝ}^{+}$ be a function (roof function or ceiling function) bounded away from 0. Consider the quotient space

$X_r=\{(x,t):0\le t\le r(x),x\in X\}/(x,r(x))\sim (fx,0).$

The suspension of $(X,f)$ with roof function $r$ is the semiflow $f_t:X_r\to X_r$ induced by the time-translation $T_t:X\times ℝ\to X\times ℝ,(x,s)\mapsto (x,s+t)$.

If $r(x)\equiv 1$, then the quotient space is also called the mapping torus of $(X,f)$.

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