Kinematics: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox unit | |||
| name = Radians per second squared | |||
| standard = [[SI derived unit]] | |||
| quantity = Angular acceleration | |||
| symbol = rad/s{{sup|2}} | |||
| symbol2 = rad⋅s<sup>−2</sup> | |||
}} | |||
{{Classical mechanics|cTopic=Fundamental concepts}} | |||
'''Angular acceleration''' is the rate of change of [[angular velocity]]. In [[SI]] units, it is measured in [[radian]]s per [[second]] squared (rad/s{{sup|2}}), and is usually denoted by the Greek letter [[alpha (letter)|alpha]] (''α'').<ref> http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/physics/circ/node3.html </ref> | |||
== Mathematical definition == | |||
The angular acceleration can be defined as either: | |||
:<math>{\alpha} = \frac{{d\omega}}{dt} = \frac{d^2{\theta}}{dt^2}</math> , or <br> | |||
:<math>{\alpha} = \frac{a_T}{r}</math> , | |||
where <math>{\omega}</math> is the [[angular velocity]], <math>a_T</math> is the linear [[tangential acceleration]], and <math>r</math>, (usually defined as the radius of the circular path of which a point moving along), is the distance from the origin of the [[coordinate system]] that defines <math>\theta</math> and <math>\omega</math> to the point of interest. | |||
== Equations of motion == | |||
For two-dimensional [[rotation|rotational motion]] (constant <math>\hat L</math>), [[Newton's laws of motion#Newton's second law|Newton's second law]] can be adapted to describe the relation between [[torque]] and angular acceleration: | |||
:<math>{\tau} = I\ {\alpha}</math> , | |||
where <math>{\tau}</math> is the total torque exerted on the body, and <math>I</math> is the [[Moment_of_inertia|mass moment of inertia]] of the body. | |||
===Constant acceleration=== | |||
For all constant values of the torque, <math>{\tau}</math>, of an object, the angular acceleration will also be constant. For this special case of constant angular acceleration, the above equation will produce a definitive, constant value for the angular acceleration: | |||
:<math>{\alpha} = \frac{\tau}{I}.</math> | |||
===Non-constant acceleration=== | |||
For any non-constant torque, the angular acceleration of an object will change with time. The equation becomes a differential equation instead of a constant value. This [[differential equation]] is known as the equation of motion of the system and can completely describe the motion of the object. It is also the best way to calculate the angular velocity. | |||
== See also == | |||
* [[Angular momentum]] | |||
* [[Angular speed]] | |||
* [[Angular velocity]] | |||
* [[Rotation]] | |||
* [[Spin (physics)|Spin]] | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Physical quantities]] | |||
[[Category:Acceleration]] |
Revision as of 15:04, 23 January 2014
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Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity. In SI units, it is measured in radians per second squared (rad/sShowcasing you the finest up and coming new condo launches in Singapore where you can search and discover the perfect house. Now we have new condo that may even satisfy the discerning few, it doesn't matter what's your necessities or your lifestyle needs. You'll certain to search out the dream apartment right here.
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Mathematical definition
The angular acceleration can be defined as either:
where is the angular velocity, is the linear tangential acceleration, and , (usually defined as the radius of the circular path of which a point moving along), is the distance from the origin of the coordinate system that defines and to the point of interest.
Equations of motion
For two-dimensional rotational motion (constant ), Newton's second law can be adapted to describe the relation between torque and angular acceleration:
where is the total torque exerted on the body, and is the mass moment of inertia of the body.
Constant acceleration
For all constant values of the torque, , of an object, the angular acceleration will also be constant. For this special case of constant angular acceleration, the above equation will produce a definitive, constant value for the angular acceleration:
Non-constant acceleration
For any non-constant torque, the angular acceleration of an object will change with time. The equation becomes a differential equation instead of a constant value. This differential equation is known as the equation of motion of the system and can completely describe the motion of the object. It is also the best way to calculate the angular velocity.
See also
References
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