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In [[abstract algebra]], a '''Valya algebra''' (or '''Valentina algebra''') is a [[Algebra over a field#Non-associative algebras|nonassociative algebra]] ''M'' over a field ''F'' whose [[product (mathematics)|multiplicative binary operation]] ''g'' satisfies the following axioms:
 
1. The [[Antisymmetric|skew-symmetry]] condition 
:<math>g (A, B) =-g (B, A) </math>
for all <math>A,B \in M</math>.
 
2. The Valya identity
:<math> J (g (A_1, A_2), g (A_3, A_4), g (A_5, A_6)) =0 </math>
for all <math>A_k \in M</math>, where k=1,2,...,6, and
 
<math> J (A, B, C):= g (g (A, B), C)+g (g (B, C), A)+g (g (C, A), B). </math>
 
3. The bilinear condition
:<math> g(aA+bB,C)=ag(A,C)+bg(B,C) </math>
for all <math>A,B,C \in M</math> and <math>a,b \in F</math>.
 
We say that M is a Valya algebra if the [[commutant]] of this algebra is a Lie subalgebra. Each [[Lie algebra]] is a Valya algebra.
 
There is the following relationship between the [[commutant-associative algebra]] and Valentina algebra. The replacement of the multiplication g(A,B) in an algebra M by the operation of commutation [A,B]=g(A,B)-g(B,A), makes it into the algebra <math>M^{(-)}</math>.  
If M is a [[commutant-associative algebra]], then <math>M^{(-)}</math> is a Valya algebra. A Valya algebra is a generalization of a [[Lie algebra]].
 
==Examples==
 
Let us give the following examples regarding Valya algebras.
 
(1) Every finite Valya algebra is the [[Tangent space|tangent algebra]] of an analytic local commutant-associative [[Quasigroup|loop]] (Valya loop) as each finite [[Lie algebra]] is the tangent algebra of an analytic local group ([[Lie group]]). This is the analog of the classical correspondence between analytic local groups ([[Lie groups]]) and [[Lie algebra]]s.
 
(2) A bilinear operation for the [[differential form|differential 1-forms]]
:<math> \alpha=F_k(x)\, dx^k , \quad \beta=G_k(x)\, dx^k </math>
on a symplectic manifold can be introduced by the rule
: <math> (\alpha,\beta)_0=d \Psi(\alpha,\beta)+ \Psi(d\alpha,\beta)+\Psi(\alpha,d\beta), \, </math>
where <math>(\alpha,\beta)</math> is 1-form. A set of all nonclosed 1-forms, together with this operation, is Lie algebra.
 
If <math>\alpha</math> and <math>\beta</math> are closed 1-forms, then
<math>d\alpha=d\beta=0</math> and
: <math> (\alpha,\beta)=d \Psi(\alpha,\beta). \,</math>
A set of all closed 1-forms, together with this bracket, form a [[Lie algebra]]. A set of all nonclosed 1-forms together with the bilinear operation <math>(\alpha,\beta)</math> is a Valya algebra, and it is not a [[Lie algebra]].
 
==See also==
* [[Malcev algebra]]
* [[Alternative algebra]]
* [[Commutant-associative algebra]]
 
==References==
* A. Elduque,  H. C. Myung ''Mutations of alternative algebras'',  Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1994, ISBN 0-7923-2735-7
* {{springer|id=M/m062170|author=V.T. Filippov|title=Mal'tsev algebra}}
* M.V. Karasev, V.P. Maslov, ''Nonlinear Poisson Brackets: Geometry and Quantization''. American Mathematical Society, Providence, 1993.
* [[Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh|A.G. Kurosh]], ''Lectures on general algebra.'' Translated from the Russian edition (Moscow, 1960) by K. A. Hirsch. Chelsea, New York, 1963. 335 pp. ISBN 0-8284-0168-3  ISBN 978-0-8284-0168-5
* [[Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh|A.G. Kurosh]], ''General algebra. Lectures for the academic year 1969/70''. Nauka, Moscow,1974.  (In Russian)
* [[Anatoly Maltsev|A.I. Mal'tsev]], ''Algebraic systems.'' Springer, 1973.  (Translated from Russian)
* [[Anatoly Maltsev|A.I. Mal'tsev]], ''Analytic loops.''  Mat. Sb., 36 : 3  (1955)  pp. 569–576  (In Russian)
* {{cite book | first = R.D. | last = Schafer | title = An Introduction to Nonassociative Algebras | publisher = Dover Publications | location = New York | year = 1995 | isbn = 0-486-68813-5}}
* V.E. Tarasov [http://books.google.ru/books?id=pHK11tfdE3QC&dq=V.E.+Tarasov+Quantum+Mechanics+of+Non-Hamiltonian+and+Dissipative+Systems.&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=qDERzjAJd9&sig=U8V7RUVd1SW8mx4GzE1T-2canhA&hl=ru&ei=pkvkSeycINiEsAbloKSfCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1 ''Quantum Mechanics of Non-Hamiltonian and Dissipative Systems.'' Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Boston, London, New York, 2008.] ISBN 0-444-53091-6 ISBN 9780444530912
* [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/archive.phtml?wshow=paper&jrnid=tmf&paperid=962&option_lang=eng V.E. Tarasov, "Quantum dissipative systems: IV. Analogues of Lie algebras and groups" Theoretical and Mathematical Physics. Vol.110. No.2. (1997) pp.168-178.]
*{{eom|id=A/a012090|first=K.A.|last= Zhevlakov|title=Alternative rings and algebras}}
 
[[Category:Non-associative algebras]]
[[Category:Lie algebras]]

Revision as of 17:05, 8 October 2013

In abstract algebra, a Valya algebra (or Valentina algebra) is a nonassociative algebra M over a field F whose multiplicative binary operation g satisfies the following axioms:

1. The skew-symmetry condition

g(A,B)=g(B,A)

for all A,BM.

2. The Valya identity

J(g(A1,A2),g(A3,A4),g(A5,A6))=0

for all AkM, where k=1,2,...,6, and

J(A,B,C):=g(g(A,B),C)+g(g(B,C),A)+g(g(C,A),B).

3. The bilinear condition

g(aA+bB,C)=ag(A,C)+bg(B,C)

for all A,B,CM and a,bF.

We say that M is a Valya algebra if the commutant of this algebra is a Lie subalgebra. Each Lie algebra is a Valya algebra.

There is the following relationship between the commutant-associative algebra and Valentina algebra. The replacement of the multiplication g(A,B) in an algebra M by the operation of commutation [A,B]=g(A,B)-g(B,A), makes it into the algebra M(). If M is a commutant-associative algebra, then M() is a Valya algebra. A Valya algebra is a generalization of a Lie algebra.

Examples

Let us give the following examples regarding Valya algebras.

(1) Every finite Valya algebra is the tangent algebra of an analytic local commutant-associative loop (Valya loop) as each finite Lie algebra is the tangent algebra of an analytic local group (Lie group). This is the analog of the classical correspondence between analytic local groups (Lie groups) and Lie algebras.

(2) A bilinear operation for the differential 1-forms

α=Fk(x)dxk,β=Gk(x)dxk

on a symplectic manifold can be introduced by the rule

(α,β)0=dΨ(α,β)+Ψ(dα,β)+Ψ(α,dβ),

where (α,β) is 1-form. A set of all nonclosed 1-forms, together with this operation, is Lie algebra.

If α and β are closed 1-forms, then dα=dβ=0 and

(α,β)=dΨ(α,β).

A set of all closed 1-forms, together with this bracket, form a Lie algebra. A set of all nonclosed 1-forms together with the bilinear operation (α,β) is a Valya algebra, and it is not a Lie algebra.

See also

References