Regge theory: Difference between revisions
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In algebraic geometry, the '''Stein factorization''', introduced by {{harvs|txt|authorlink=Karl Stein (mathematician)|first=Karl |last=Stein|year=1956}} for the case of complex spaces, states that a proper morphism can be factorized as a composition of a finite mapping and a proper morphism with connected fibers. Roughly speaking, Stein factorization contracts the connected components of the fibers of a mapping to points. | |||
One version for schemes states the following:{{harv|EGA|loc=4.3.1}} | |||
<blockquote> | |||
Let ''X'' be a [[scheme]], ''S'' a locally noetherian scheme and <math>f: X \to S</math> a [[proper morphism]]. Then one can write | |||
:<math>f = g \circ f'</math> | |||
where <math>g: S' \to S</math> is a [[finite morphism]] and <math>f': X \to S'</math> is a proper morphism so that <math>f'_* \mathcal{O}_X = \mathcal{O}_{S'}</math>. | |||
</blockquote> | |||
The existence of this decomposition itself is not difficult. (see below) But, by [[Zariski's connectedness theorem]], the last part in the above says that the fiber <math>f'^{-1}(s)</math> is connected for any <math>s \in S</math>. It follows: | |||
'''Corollary''': For any <math>s \in S</math>, the set of connected components of the fiber <math>f^{-1}(s)</math> is in bijection with the set of points in the fiber <math>g^{-1}(s)</math>. | |||
== Proof == | |||
Set: | |||
:<math>S' = </math> '''Spec'''<math>f_* \mathcal{O}_X</math> | |||
where '''Spec''' is the [[relative Spec|relative '''Spec''']]. The construction gives us the natural map <math>g: S' \to S</math>, which is finite since <math>\mathcal{O}_X</math> is coherent and ''f'' is proper. ''f'' factors through ''g'' and so we get <math>f': X \to S'.</math>, which is proper. By construction <math>f'_* \mathcal{O}_X = \mathcal{O}_{S'}</math>. One then uses the [[theorem on formal functions]] to show that the last equality implies <math>f'</math> has connected fibers. (This part is sometimes referred to as Zariski's connectedness theorem.) | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
The writing of this article benefited from [http://amathew.wordpress.com/2010/12/23/the-baby-version-of-zariskis-main-theorem/]. | |||
*{{Hartshorne AG}} | |||
*{{EGA|book=III-1}} | |||
*{{Citation | last1=Stein | first1=Karl | title=Analytische Zerlegungen komplexer Räume | doi=10.1007/BF01343331 | id={{MR|0083045}} | year=1956 | journal=[[Mathematische Annalen]] | issn=0025-5831 | volume=132 | pages=63–93}} | |||
[[Category:Algebraic geometry]] | |||
{{geometry-stub}} |
Revision as of 18:52, 7 October 2013
In algebraic geometry, the Stein factorization, introduced by Template:Harvs for the case of complex spaces, states that a proper morphism can be factorized as a composition of a finite mapping and a proper morphism with connected fibers. Roughly speaking, Stein factorization contracts the connected components of the fibers of a mapping to points.
One version for schemes states the following:Template:Harv
Let X be a scheme, S a locally noetherian scheme and a proper morphism. Then one can write
where is a finite morphism and is a proper morphism so that .
The existence of this decomposition itself is not difficult. (see below) But, by Zariski's connectedness theorem, the last part in the above says that the fiber is connected for any . It follows:
Corollary: For any , the set of connected components of the fiber is in bijection with the set of points in the fiber .
Proof
Set:
where Spec is the relative Spec. The construction gives us the natural map , which is finite since is coherent and f is proper. f factors through g and so we get , which is proper. By construction . One then uses the theorem on formal functions to show that the last equality implies has connected fibers. (This part is sometimes referred to as Zariski's connectedness theorem.)
References
43 year old Petroleum Engineer Harry from Deep River, usually spends time with hobbies and interests like renting movies, property developers in singapore new condominium and vehicle racing. Constantly enjoys going to destinations like Camino Real de Tierra Adentro. The writing of this article benefited from [1].
- Template:Hartshorne AG
- Template:EGA
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