Kernel principal component analysis

A star domain (equivalently, a star-convex or star-shaped set) is not necessarily convex in the ordinary sense.

An annulus is not a star domain.

In mathematics, a set $S$ in the Euclidean space Rⁿ is called a star domain (or star-convex set, star-shaped or radially convex set) if there exists x₀ in S such that for all x in S the line segment from x₀ to x is in S. This definition is immediately generalizable to any real or complex vector space.

Intuitively, if one thinks of S as of a region surrounded by a wall, S is a star domain if one can find a vantage point x₀ in S from which any point x in S is within line-of-sight.

Examples

• Any line or plane in Rⁿ is a star domain.
• A line or a plane with a single point removed is not a star domain.
• If A is a set in Rⁿ, the set

$B=\{ta:a\in A,t\in [0,1]\}$

obtained by connecting any point in A to the origin is a star domain.

• Any non-empty convex set is a star domain. A set is convex if and only if it is a star domain with respect to any point in that set.
• A cross-shaped figure is a star domain but is not convex.

Properties

• The closure of a star domain is a star domain, but the interior of a star domain is not necessarily a star domain.
• Any star domain is a contractible set, via a straight-line homotopy. In particular, any star domain is a simply connected set.
• The union and intersection of two star domains is not necessarily a star domain.
• A nonempty open star domain S in Rⁿ is diffeomorphic to Rⁿ.

See also

• Art gallery problem
• Star polygon — an unrelated term
• Star-shaped polygon
• Balanced set

References

• Ian Stewart, David Tall, Complex Analysis. Cambridge University Press, 1983, ISBN 0-521-28763-4, Template:Mr

• C.R. Smith, A characterization of star-shaped sets, American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 75, No. 4 (April 1968). p. 386, Template:Mr, Template:Jstor

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