Thermionic emission

A newton metre is a unit of torque (also called "moment") in the SI system. The symbolic form is N m or N·m. One newton metre, sometimes hyphenated newton-metre, is equal to the torque resulting from a force of one newton applied perpendicularly to a moment arm which is one metre long.

It is also used less commonly as a unit of work, or energy, in which case it is equivalent to the more common and standard SI unit of energy, the joule. In this very different usage the metre term represents the distance travelled or displacement in the direction of the force, and not the perpendicular distance from a fulcrum as it does when used to express torque. This usage is discouraged by the SI authority, since it can lead to confusion as to whether a given quantity expressed in newton-metres is a torque or a quantity of energy. However, since torque represents energy transferred or expended per angle of revolution, one newton metre of torque is equivalent to one joule per radian.

Newton metres and joules are "dimensionally equivalent" in the sense that they have the same expression in SI base units:

$1\,\mathrm {N} \!\cdot \!\mathrm {m} =1{\frac {\mathrm {kg} \,\mathrm {m} ^{2}}{\mathrm {s} ^{2}}}\quad ,\quad 1\,\mathrm {J} =1{\frac {\mathrm {kg} \,\mathrm {m} ^{2}}{\mathrm {s} ^{2}}}$

Again, N⋅m and J are distinguished in order to avoid misunderstandings where a torque is mistaken for an energy or vice-versa. Similar examples of "dimensionally equivalent" units include Becquerel versus Hertz, and ohms versus ohms per square.

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Conversion factors

• 1 newton metre = 0.7375621 pound-foot (often "foot-pound")
• 1 kilogram-force metre = 9.80665 Nm
• 1 pound-foot (often "foot-pound") = 1 pound force foot ˜ 1.3558 Nm
• 1 inch ounce-force = 7.0615518 mNm
• 1 dyne centimetre = 10⁻⁷ Nm
• 1 joule = 1 Nm

See also

• Bending moment
• Spring scale
• Torque tester

References

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